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1 The conflict in Ukraine has caused extensive and irreversible damage, severely affecting the

country's economy. Millions of people have lost their jobs, resulting in significant changes to the
labor market. Russia's invasion has triggered a profound crisis, reducing job opportunities and
causing a substantial increase in unemployment.

2 Even before the war, Ukraine faced labor market challenges, with a high unemployment rate of
10% in 2021 and low economic activity, especially among women (56% compared to 68% among
men in the 15-70 age group). The official unemployment rate in Ukraine was nearly 10% before the
invasion, higher than the average of 7% in European Union countries at that time.

3 The invasion in February 2022 disrupted the Ukrainian labor market, leading to a contraction and a
significant mismatch between labor supply and demand, both geographically and sectorally. On the
workers' side, there was an unprecedented exodus of human capital, with over a third of Ukraine's
population (estimated at 41 million in 2021) forced to move. Currently, around 5.9 million people
are internally displaced, and over 7.9 million are refugees abroad, marking the largest migration
crisis in Europe since World War II, with women and children constituting nearly 90% of the
refugees.

 4 v The war has caused substantial damage to productive assets and infrastructure,
disrupting trade networks and supply chains, contributing to the disintegration of the labor
market and a loss of employment opportunities for many Ukrainians.
 5The war has caused substantial damage to productive assets and infrastructure, disrupting
trade networks and supply chains, contributing to the disintegration of the labor market and
a loss of employment opportunities for many Ukrainians.
 The war in Ukraine has inflicted severe and lasting damage on the labor market, resulting in
substantial job losses and economic fragility. The prospects for recovery depend on resolving
the conflict and implementing measures to rebuild and stabilize the economy

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