Mean, Median, Mode & Range

Mean
The mean of a data set is a measure of its centre. It is calculated by first adding together all
the data values and then dividing the sum by the number of data values.

Symbol for mean:

Example 1.
Allen obtained the following marks in 8 tests:
43 35 41 29 33 39 47 42
Calculate the mean.

Note that the mean was not a mark obtained by Allen in any of his tests.

Median
We often see the median value used to describe the housing market in a city. The median is
the middle value when all values are arranged in numerical order. Here are some numbers
arranged in numerical order.

This data set has an odd number of values. The middle value is 5 since it has the same
number of values on either side of it. Hence the median of this data set is 5.
Here is another set of numbers arranged in numerical order.
The above data set has an even number of values. The middle values are 7 and 9. We take
the average of 7 and 9 to calculate the median.

Hence the median of this data set is 8. Note that this value does not occur in the data set.

Example 2.
Calculate the median of the following data sets.
(a) 43, 35, 41, 29, 33, 39, 42 (b) 4, 6, 8, 5, 12, 10

Mode
One of the questions we often use statistics to answer is ‘Which is the most popular?’ The
most popular or most common value will be the most frequently occurring value in a data
set.
A value with the highest frequency is called the mode. There may be more than one mode.
For example, in a survey of ‘favourite sports’ the following results were obtained.
swimming, golf, golf, badminton, swimming, cricket, golf, swimming, cricket, golf, cricket,
golf, badminton, swimming, swimming, cricket, cricket, golf, swimming, cricket, swimming,
swimming
We can arrange the data into a frequency table.

In the survey above, the sport with the highest frequency is swimming. Hence the mode is
swimming.
Example 3.
The number of emails Annie sent each day was recorded for 30 days. The results are shown
below. Find the mode.

There are two modes for this data, so the data are said to be bimodal.

Range
The range is one of the simplest, and easiest to calculate, measures of the spread of a data
set.
The range of a set of numerical data is the difference between the largest data value and
the smallest data value.
For example:
• The data set 7, 11, 12 has range 12 − 7 = 5.
• The data set 7, 8, 15 has range 15 − 7 = 8.
The larger the range, the greater the spread of the data values.
Exercise 5
1.
Calculate the mean of each data set.
(a) 3, 7, 8, 21, 35 (b) 2, 3, 7, 10, 14, 24

(c) 1, 1, 3, 5, 5, 5, 10 (d) 4, 4, 4, 7, 8, 8, 10, 11

2.
In a football season, the number of kicks obtained by a player week by week was:
22 16 18 31 10 8 19 16 18 12 10 9 16
Calculate the mean number of kicks per week obtained by the player.

3.
Find the median and the range for each of the following data sets.
(a) 8, 6, 12, 4, 1, 9, 15, 3 (b) 18, 26, 47, 13, 18

(c) 1.6, 1.9, 2.4, 1.8, 3.7, 0.9, 2.6, 1.7 (d) 647, 326, 849, 586, 710, 694

4.
The marks obtained for a quiz by a group of students are displayed in the column graph
opposite.
(a) How many students had their marks recorded?

(b) What is the median of the marks?

5.
Twenty people completed a 10-mark test. Their scores are shown in the table below.

(a) Calculate the mean of the marks.

(b) How many people obtained a mark lower than the mean?

6.
Five people have an average weight of 67 kg. If a child of weight 25 kg is added to the
group, what is the average weight?

7.
Part-way through a cricket season, a batsman has had scores of 15, 76, 42 and 27. Assume
that the batsman is dismissed in each innings.
(a) Calculate the batsman’s average (mean).

(b) If his average after the next innings is 42, how many runs did he score in that
innings?

(c) The batsman has 12 innings in a season. He wants to have an average of 50 at the
end of the season. How many runs does he need to score in the remaining 7
innings?
8.
During a term, a student has an average of 46 after the first 4 tests and his average for the
next 6 tests is 38. What is his average for the 10 tests?

9.
(a) Calculate the mean of the data set 8, 12, 14, 17, 18 and 21.

(b) What will happen to the mean (that is, will it decrease or increase) if:
i. a data value of 24 is added to the set

ii. a data value of 15 is added to the set

iii. data values of 6 and 25 are added to the set?

10.
The distinct values a, b, c, d, e and f are arranged here in numerical order, with a having the
least value. Describe the effect on the median and the mean if:
(a) f is increased by 12

(b) the value a is deleted from the list

(c) a is decreased by 6 and f is increased by 6

(d) a is decreased by 16 and f is increased by 6

(e) b and e are both increased (but b is still less than c)

(f) c is increased by 4 (c is still less than d) and b is decreased by 4

11.
A boy receives the following marks for 6 tests: 25, 80, 84, 90, 95 and 96.
(a) Calculate the mean. (b) Calculate the median.

(c) If the value 25 is removed, which changes more: the median or the mean?

(d) Do you need to know all the data values in order to find the median? For example,
suppose that you know 6 tests were done, but you only know 5 scores. Can the
median be calculated?

12.
(a) The median, rather than the mean, is usually given when discussing ages, house
prices and incomes. Why do you think this is the case?

(b) Give other examples in which it would be appropriate to use the median as the
measure of the centre rather than the mean.

(c) Give examples in which it would be appropriate to use the mean as the measure of
the centre rather than the median.
 .

The Median 8177

Q1 Find the median for these sets with an odd number of scores:

(i) 1, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 4 , 5 , 5 Q1 ANSWERS
A) 2 L) 13
(ii) 4,4,5,6,6,6,8
B) 3 M) 19
(iii) 7 , 8 , 10 , 10 , 10 , 11 , 12 C) 4 N) 21
D) 5 O) 24
(iv) 40 , 41 , 42 , 42 , 43 , 43 , 43
E) 5.4 P) 36
(v) 18 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 19 , 19 , 22 F) 5.45 Q) 42

(vi) G) 6 R) 43
10.1 , 13 , 14.5 , 13.4 , 13.5 , 12.9 , 12.8
H) 10 S) 372
(vii) 10 , 36 , 24 , 43 , 36 , 43 , 24 , 36 , 24 I) 11 T) 389
(viii) 9.3 , 1.4 , 2.3 , 2.13 , 2.85 , 5.45 , 7.18 , 9.3 , 5.4 J) 12 U) 1 140
K) 12.9 V) 1 290
(ix) 310 , 420 , 315 , 416 , 389 , 372 , 315 , 310 , 415

(x) 1 430 , 1 288 , 1 140 , 1 290 , 1 430 , 1 140 , 1 290 , 1 375 , 1 425 , 1 360 , 1 290

Q2 Find the median for these sets with an even number of scores:
(i) 2,3,3,5,6,8 Q2 ANSWERS

(ii) A) 2.6 N) 56
10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 14
B) 2.65 O) 56.5
(iii) 20 , 20 , 21 , 21 , 23 , 27 C) 2.7 P) 125
D) 3 Q) 127
(iv) 298 , 299 , 306 , 306 , 308 , 310 E) 4 R) 128.5
(v) F) 12 S) 129.5
48 , 56 , 49 , 60 , 56 , 57
G) 12.5 T) 302.5
(vi) 413 , 434 , 478 , 438 , 457 , 486 H) 13.5 U) 306
I) 14 V) 306.5
(vii) 11 , 15 , 1 , 19 , 21 , 13 , 15 , 19 , 2 , 3
J) 16 W) 442
(viii) 2.6 , 3.7 , 2.4 , 1.8 , 2.7 , 3.8 K) 20.5 X) 447.5
L) 21 Y) 458
(ix) 16 , 2 , 38 , 36 , 3 , 38 , 38 , 2 , 3 , 25 M) 22 Z) 488

(x) 101 , 137 , 101 , 137 , 125 , 139 , 100 , 100 , 140 , 132

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 .

The Median 8177

Q1 (i) 1, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 4 , 5 , 5 median = 4

(ii) 4 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 6 , 6 , 8 median = 6

(iii) 7 , 8 , 10 , 10 , 10 , 11 , 12 median = 10

(iv) 40 , 41 , 42 , 42 , 43 , 43 , 43 median = 42

(v) 18 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 19 , 19 , 22
 18 , 19 , 19 , 19 , 21 , 22 , 23 median = 19

(vi) 10.1 , 13 , 14.5 , 13.4 , 13.5 , 12.9 , 12.8

 10.1 , 12.8 , 12.9 , 13 , 13.4 , 13.5 , 14.5 median = 13

(vii) 10 , 36 , 24 , 43 , 36 , 43 , 24 , 36 , 24
 10 , 24 , 24 , 24 , 36 , 36 , 36 , 43 , 43 median = 36

(viii) 9.3 , 1.4 , 2.3 , 2.13 , 2.85 , 5.45 , 7.18 , 9.3 , 5.4
 1.4 , 2.13 , 2.3 , 2.85 , 5.4 , 5.45 , 7.18 , 9.3 , 9.3 median = 5.4

(ix) 310 , 420 , 315 , 416 , 389 , 372 , 315 , 310 , 415
 310 , 310 , 315 , 315 , 372 , 389 , 415 , 416 , 420 median = 372

(x) 1 430, 1 288, 1 140, 1 290, 1 430, 1 140, 1 290, 1 375, 1 425, 1 360, 1 290
 1 140, 1 140, 1 288, 1 290, 1 290, 1 290, 1 360, 1 375, 1 425, 1 430, 1 430 median = 1 290

35
Q2 (i) 2,3,3,5,6,8 median  4
2
12  13
(ii) 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 14 median   12.5
2
(iii) 20 , 20 , 21 , 21 , 23 , 27 median  21

(iv) 298 , 299 , 306 , 306 , 308 , 310 median  306

(v) 48 , 56 , 49 , 60 , 56 , 57
 48 , 49 , 56 , 56 , 57 , 60 median  56

(vi) 413 , 434 , 478 , 438 , 457 , 486 438  457

median   447.5
 413 , 434 , 438 , 457 , 478 , 486 2

(vii) 11 , 15 , 1 , 19 , 21 , 13 , 15 , 19 , 2 , 3 13  15
median   14
 1 , 2 , 3 , 11 , 13 , 15 , 15 , 19 , 49 , 21 2

(viii) 2.6 , 3.7 , 2.4 , 1.8 , 2.7 , 3.8 2.6  2.7

median   2.65
 1.8 , 2.4 , 2.6 , 2.7 , 3.7 , 3.8 2

(ix) 16 , 2 , 38 , 36 , 3 , 38 , 38 , 2 , 3 , 25 16  25
median   20.5
 2 , 2 , 3 , 3 , 16 , 25 , 36 , 38 , 38 , 38 2

(x) 101 , 137 , 101 , 137 , 125 , 139 , 100 , 100 , 140 , 132 125  132
median   128.5
 100 , 100 , 101 , 101 , 125 , 132 , 137 , 137 , 139 , 140 2

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 .

The Mean 8176

Q1 Find the mean for each set of scores (to 1 decimal place where necessary):
(i) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1, 4, 4 (vii) 10, 36, 24, 43, 36, 43, 24, 36, 24

(ii) 4, 6, 6, 5, 4, 6, 8
(viii) 9.3, 1.4, 2.3, 2.13, 2.85, 5.45, 7.18
(iii) 10, 8, 7, 11, 12, 10, 10
(ix) 310, 420, 315, 416, 389, 372,
(iv) 41, 43, 42, 40, 43, 42, 43 315, 310
(v) 18, 19, 21, 23, 19, 19, 22
(x) 1 430, 1 288, 1 140, 1 290, 1 430,
(vi) 10.1, 13, 14.5, 13.4, 13.5, 1 140, 1 290, 1 375, 1 425, 1 360,
12.9, 12.8 1 290
Q1 Q2-6
ANSWERS ANSWERS
Q2 Jane is 1.58 m tall, Emilie is 0.9 m tall, Jenny is 1.26 m tall and
A) 2 A) 0.95 m
Jacob is 1.86 m tall. What is the average height of these people?
B) 3 B) 1.3 m
C) 3.5 C) 1.4 m
Q3 “Lite-M-Up Matches” are proud of the quality of their match
manufacturing. They monitor the number of matches going into D) 4 D) 47
the boxes closely. 20 boxes are chosen randomly each day and E) 4.4 E) 47.5
the number of matches counted. F) 4.8 F) 48
Below is the result of Tuesday’s count. G) 5 G) 48.7
48 47 48 50 50 50 48 48 48 49 H) 5.6 H) 49
51 50 49 50 50 48 47 49 50 50 I) 5.8 I) 49.3
Find the average number of matches per box. J) 9.7 J) 65 km
K) 10.4 K) 71 km
Q4 After 3 exams, Sam has a mean score of 75 marks. L) 11.8 L) 81 km
(i) What is Sam’s total score for the three exams? M) 12.4 M) 87.5
N) 12.9 N) 89
(ii) If Sam wants to increase his mean score to 80 marks,
what score does he need in his fourth exam? O) 19 O) 92.5
P) 20.1 P) 95
(iii) What is the best average that Sam can achieve after
Q) 20.7 Q) 98
completing a total of 10 exams, including the 3 that he
has already done? All exams are out of 100. R) 29.8 R) 99
S) 30.7 S) 150
Q5 Three packets of nails weigh 850 g, 1.25kg and 950 g respectively. T) 33 T) 225
When a fourth bag is added the mean weight is 975 g. U) 41.5 U) 300
What was the weight of the fourth bag? V) 42 V) 600.4 g
W) 355.9 W) 745 g
Q6 Frank ran 65 km on Monday, 68 km on Tuesday, 66 km on X) 357.6 X) 830 g
Wednesday, and 80 km on Thursday. After doing another run on
Y) 1 310.8 Y) 850 g
Friday he calculated his mean distance run per day to be 70 km.
Z) 1 314.4 Z) 915 g
How far did Frank run on Friday?

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 .

The Mean 8176

Q1 Q4
(i) 3 (i) total = 3  75 = 225
(ii) 5.6 (ii) After 4 exams to have a mean of 80, then total marks = 4  80 = 320
(iii) 9.7 320  225 = 95
(iv) 42 Sam needs 95 marks in the 4th exam.

(v) 20.1 (iii) If he scores 100 in each of the next 7 exams,

average = 225  7  100 = 92.5
(vi) 12.9 ( )
10
(vii) 30.7
Q5
(viii) 4.4
4 bags have a mean of 975g  total weight = 4  975 = 3 900 g
(ix) 355.9
1st 3 bags weigh in total 850 + 1 250 + 950 = 3 050 g
(x) 1 314.4
4th bag weighs 3 900  3 050 = 850 g
Q2 1.4 m Q6
Q3 49 After 5 days to have a mean distance of 70 km,
then total distance = 5  70 = 350 km
On Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu  distance = 65 + 68 + 66 + 80 = 279 km
distance on Friday = 350  279 = 71 km

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 Dot Plots 4857

Q1 (i) What is the mode? ANSWERS

A) 3 K) 18
(ii) What is the range?
B) 5 L) 19
C) 6 M) 77
D) 8 N) 83.7
E) 10 O) 86.1
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 F) 11 P) 86.4
G) 12 Q) 87.4
H) 14 R) 93
Q2 What is the median for this data set? Q3 What is the median for this data set?
I) 16 S) 95
J) 17 T) 99

13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Q4 What is the outlier for this data set?

76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99

Q5 This dot plot shows the scores (i) What was the highest score on the test?
for a class maths test.
(ii) How many students are in the class?

(iii) How many students scored below 85?

(iv) Calculate the mean correct to 1 decimal place.

80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96

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 Dot Plots 4857

Q1 (i) mode = 19 (ii) range = 20 - 10 Q5 (i) 95

= 10 (ii) 11

Q2 median = 18 (iii) 3
947
Q3 median = 17 (iv) mean =
11

Q4 outlier = 77 = 86.1 (1 d.p.)

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Stem-and-leaf plots

Numerical data (quantitative data) consists of values in which there is a definite numerical
order. For example, scores in a test or heights of students in a class.
A stem-and-leaf plot can be used to represent numerical data.

Example 1.
The marks out of 50 obtained by 16 students in a Mathematics test are:
43 24 29 19 11 14 25 17 32 27 29 7 14 19 39 49
Represent this information on a stem-and-leaf plot.

Example 2.
The approximate heights of 20 students, in centimetres, are given below.
164 158 152 167 146 149 167 171 181 154
167 158 164 172 176 180 178 165 159 153
Represent this information on a stem-and-leaf plot.
Back-to-back stem-and-leaf plots
Back-to-back stem-and-leaf plots are used to compare two similar sets of numerical data,
such as:

• Two tests with the same amount of total marks are given to the same class
and the scores recorded.
• The heights of boys and girls in a group of 50 students are recorded.
• The daily maximum temperatures for June and July are recorded.
• The ages of people attending two theatre productions are recorded.

Example 3.
A class of 25 students sit for two Mathematics tests, each out of 100. Their results are
recorded in the following back-to-back stem-and-leaf plot.

(a) How many students scored 70 or more for each test?

(b) How many students scored less than 50 for each test?
Exercise 6
1.
The marks for a mathematics test done by a particular class of 25 students were:
48 43 29 36 37 21 15 24 35 44 37 35 25
39 28 25 46 37 24 26 42 45 33 47 29
Present this information on a stem-and-leaf plot.

2.
The approximate weights in kilograms of 30 people are:
85 78 94 86 104 93 76 84 95 91 106 89 94 97 91
82 76 93 84 86 79 96 94 81 77 87 82 96 102 86
(a) Present this information on a stem-and-leaf plot.

(b) How many of the 30 people weigh:

i. more than 85 kg ii. less than 90 kg

iii. strictly between 80 and 95 kg?

3.
The stem-and-leaf plot shown opposite displays the marks on an English examination.
(a) How many students did the examination?

(b) How many students scored less than 65?

(c) What percentage of students scored more than 80?

(d) How many scored between 60 and 80?

4.
A class of 16 students sits for two Mathematics tests. Their results are recorded in the
following back-to-back stem-and-leaf plot.

(a) What percentage of students scored 50 or more for:

i. test 1 ii. test 2?

(b) What percentage students scored less than 50 for:

i. test 1 ii. test 2?

(c) What percentage of students scored between 60 and 70 (inclusively) for:

i. test 1 ii. test 2?
5.
Two walking clubs record the ages of their members, as shown below. They both have a
membership of 22 people.
(a) Draw a back-to-back stem-and-leaf plot to represent their ages.
Club 1: 82, 82, 78, 78, 78, 73, 73, 73, 73, 72, 69, 67, 67, 65, 34, 25, 24, 23, 16, 13, 12, 11
Club 2: 37, 38, 39, 42, 43, 55, 57, 65, 65, 66, 66, 66, 67, 68, 68, 69, 71, 72, 72, 72, 73

(b) Compare the ages of the members of the two clubs.

 .

Stem-and-Leaf Plots 1 8178

Q1 1 0 1 2 4 6 Find the: Q1 ANSWERS

2 1 2 3 3 (i) mean A) 29 F) 31.72
3 1 1 1 2 3 8 (ii) mode B) 30 G) 32
4 0 0 1 1 2 3 4 (iii) range C) 30.65 H) 33
5 0 1 3 D) 31 I) 41
(iv) median
E) 31.15 J) 43

Q2 5 0 0 1 2 3 Find the: Q2 ANSWERS

6 0 2 2 3 4 4 4 5 (i) mean A) 32 F) 64 and 71
7 0 1 1 1 2 3 3 8 8 9 (ii) mode B) 33 G) 67
8 2 3 3 C) 34 H) 67.08
(iii) range
D) 64 I) 67.5
(iv) median
E) 64.31 J) 71

Q3 8 0 1 1 Find the: Q3 ANSWERS

9 0 2 2 3 3 8 (i) mean A) 34 F) 103
10 0 4 4 6 6 8 9 9 9 (ii) mode B) 42 G) 104
11 1 2 2 4 C) 100 H) 108
(iii) range
D) 100.18 I) 109
(iv) median E) 102.74 J) 110

Q4 2 0 0 2 2 3 Find the: Q4 ANSWERS

3 0 2 3 6 6 6 8 (i) mean A) 36 F) 43.65
4 4 5 5 5 8 8 9 9 (ii) mode B) 36 and 45 G) 45
5 0 1 2 3 5 5 6 C) 41 H) 46
(iii) range
D) 42.65 I) 47
6 2 3 8 (iv) median E) 42.87 J) 48

Q5 3 3 4 5 Find the: Q5 ANSWERS

4 1 2 3 8 (i) mean A) 37 F) 50.7
5 0 0 0 4 5 5 6 B) 39 G) 51
(ii) mode
C) 48 H) 51.2
6 0 1 1 3 3 (iii) range D) 49.5 I) 52
7 0 (iv) median E) 50 J) 54

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 .

Stem-and-Leaf Plots 1 8178

Q1 Q3 Q5
(i) 31.72 (i) 100.18 (i) 51.2
(ii) 31 (ii) 109 (ii) 50
(iii) 43 (iii) 34 (iii) 37
(iv) 25 scores  13th score  32 (iv) 22 scores  11th score  104 (iv) 20 scores  10th score  50
 median  32  12th score  104  11th score  54
 median  104 50  54
Q2  median   52
2
(i) 67.08 Q4
(ii) 64 and 71 (i) 42.87
(iii) 33 (ii) 36 and 45
(iv) 26 scores  13th score  65 (iii) 48
 14th score  70 (iv) 30 scores  15th score  45
65  70  16th score  45
 median   67.5
2
 median  45

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 Back-To-Back Stem-and-Leaf Plots 6511

Q1 The back-to-back stem and leaf Heights (cm) 18|4 represents 184 cm
shows the heights of the players Melbourne Townsville
in two NBL teams.
18 4
8 8 6 3 2 0 19 0 1 8
8 8 5 4 3 2 20 0 0 1 2
0 21 1 3
(i) Which team has more players?

(ii) Which team has the tallest player? Q1-Q2

(iii) Find the median height (in cm) of the Melbourne players. ANSWERS
A) Melbourne
(iv) Find the median height (in cm) of the Townsville players.
B) Townsville
(v) Find the range in heights (in cm) for the Melbourne players.
C) Mr Noney
(vi) Find the range in heights (in cm) for the Townsville players. D) Ms Arnold
E) 20
F) 23
Q2 Mr Noney and Ms Arnold teach the senior maths classes at a school. G) 25
Their students sat the same test and their results are shown here.
H) 29
Test Results 3|2 represents 32 I) 48
Mr Noney's Ms Arnold's J) 50
class class K) 62
3 2
L) 67
6 4 2 4
M) 68
5 5 0 8 N) 70
8 6 2 O) 74
8 6 0 7 0 2 6 8 P) 75
6 4 8 6 8 Q) 77
4 4 9 0 R) 90
S) 92
(i) What was the highest mark in Ms Arnold's class?
T) 94
(ii) What was the highest overall mark? U) 95

(iii) What was the range of scores in Mr Noney's class? V) 196

W) 200
(iv) Which teacher has more students?
X) 201
(v) What was the median mark in Ms Arnold's class? Y) 202
(vi) What was the median mark in Mr Noney's class? Z) 205
 Back-To-Back Stem-and-Leaf Plots 6511
Q3 There are two dinner parties at a restaurant. Ages of the guests at each table are recorded.
Table 1 Table 2 (i) Which table has more people? Q3-Q5
0 2 4 7 8 ANSWERS
3 1 (ii) How old is the youngest guest at Table 1?
A) Table 1
2 4 7 9 (iii) How many children are sitting at Table 2?
3 0 4 5 8 B) Table 2
9 9 8 6 5 1 4 1 4 (iv) What is the age range at Table 1?
7 6 5 5 0 5 C) Lisa
2 6 (v) What is the age range at Table 2?
D) Shelly
7 0 6
(vi) If the outlier is removed from Table 1,
8 5 E) Addition
what is Table 1's new age range?
F) Multiplication

G) 1.2
Q4 An athletics coach is training Shelly and Lisa for a shot put competition. To qualify, they
must throw more than 11.4 m. Last year Erica won the competition throwing 14.5 m. H) 1.8
Coach Johnson has recorded 10 attempts at training for each of the girls.
I) 4
Shot put distance (i) What is the range for Lisa’s throws (in metres)?
J) 5.5
11|3 represents 11.3 m
(ii) What is the range for Shelly’s throws (in metres)?
Shelly Lisa K) 6.3
3 9 (iii) Which girl’s throwing distance is more consistent? L) 13
6 1 0 10
2 11 3 4 4 6 8 (iv) What percentage of Lisa’s throws would qualify? M) 15
9 9 12 0 1 3 4 5
(v) What percentage of Shelly’s throws would qualify? N) 21
7 2 13
8 14 (vi) Which girl is more likely to beat Erica’s record O) 23
of 14.5 m?
P) 24

Q) 25.5
Q5 A teacher gave his students some addition questions and some multiplication questions.
R) 26
He recorded the time (in seconds) it took each student to answer 10 questions correctly.
S) 36
(i) Find the range (in seconds) for the
Time (seconds) addition questions. T) 44
Addition Multiplication
(ii) Find the range (in seconds) for the U) 45.5
0 8 multiplication questions.
1 V) 49
(iii) Find the median time (in seconds)
2 6 7 7 9
for the addition questions. W) 50%
9 9 8 7 6 3 0 1 4 5 7 8
9 8 6 5 5 4 2 4 0 0 3 6 6 9 (iv) Find the median time (in seconds) X) 60%
8 7 7 3 1 5 2 for the multiplication questions.
0 6 Y) 70%
(v) Which questions (addition or multiplication)
were the class faster at? Z) 83

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 Back-To-Back Stem-and-Leaf Plots 6511

Q1 (i) Melbourne Q4 (i) 12.5 – 11.3 = 1.2

(ii) Townsville (ii) 14.8 – 9.3 = 5.5
(iii) 202 cm (iii) Lisa

200 + 200 (iv) 70%

(iv) = 200 cm
2 (v) 50%
(v) 210 – 190 = 20 cm (vi) Shelly
(vi) 213 – 184 = 29 cm
Q5 (i) 60 – 36 = 24
Q2 (i) 90
(ii) 52 – 8 = 44
(ii) 94
45 + 46
(iii) 94 – 46 = 48 (iii) = 45.5
2
(iv) Ms Arnold
35 + 37
(v) 70 (iv) = 36
2
76 + 78 (v) Multiplication (quicker time)
(vi) = 77
2

Q3 (i) Table 2
(ii) 13
(iii) 4
(iv) 62 – 13 = 49
(v) 85 – 2 = 83
(vi) 62 – 41 = 21

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