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The Use of The IMTP in The Monitoring of Weightlifters 25 Years of Experience
The Use of The IMTP in The Monitoring of Weightlifters 25 Years of Experience
5000
Methodology for measurements
Force (Newtons)
4000
As with any athlete monitoring test, the
calibration, test environment, warm-up 3000
and commands should be standardised RFD 0–250ms (red line)
in order to enhance the tests’ validity 2000
and particularly reliability (see Comfort
Initiation of pull
et al13 for additional details). Validity 1000
deals with the question: ‘does the System mass, measured in ready position
test measure what it is supposed to 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
measure?’ For MJIT this depends upon
the force plate used and the quality Time (seconds)
of the force transducers in the plate.
Validity and reliability can be enhanced
by proper and frequent calibration.
Calibration is typically performed by 10,000
adding increasing incremental loads to 9000
the plate and comparing the recorded
loading to the load being added. 8000
RFD (N •S-1)
12,000
Force (N)
4000
during testing.22 Prior to maximal effort
trials, a 50% and a 75% warm-up effort 10,000
RFD (N•S-1)
8000 16000
Force (N)
if an athlete is not showing recovery 7000 14000
within a reasonable time (≈ 48-72 hr.) 6000 12000
then training alterations should be 5000 10000
considered. 4000 8000
3000 6000
2000 4000
A major reason for the use of monitoring
Post
Post
Post
1000
PRE
PRE
PRE
2000
with athletes is programme efficacy: 0 0
this basically deals with whether the
Start Knee Power position
programme worked in the anticipated
(mid-thigh)
manner – or not. As previously noted, Start: bar at the position of weights on floor with 20 kg plates
the two most commonly used force-time Knee: bar at mid-patella height
characteristics derived from the IMTP Power: bar at IMTP height (power position)
have been PF and RFD. Figures 5 and
6 depict both IPF and RFD behaving as Figure 7. IPF and IRFD at different positions for the clean
expected.26 PF showed little alteration
from baseline (T1) after the initial SE
high volume block (T2), but an increase
after T3 when strength and power by Hornsby et al,26 marked differences 2 seconds. All pertinent IRFD bands
were emphasized. After the active rest in the pattern of adaptation can be can be captured in this time frame.
block (T4), maximum strength (IPF) noted among different athletes,40 This reduction in pulling time may
again showed an expected reduction which may mean some alteration in also decrease both fatigue and injury
as a result of decrease volume and training for those individual athletes potential(allinjuriesreportedhavebeen
intensity of training (ie, detraining). would be necessary near peak force). One possible scenario
IPF was substantially increased after T5 would be to perform the complete
(emphasis on maximum strength) and 3. Group differences deviating from test only at the beginning and end of
was maintained through T6. the expected should entail a re- the competitive season (or beginning
consideration of training methods. and end of a macrocycle (Stage) and
RFD also followed the expected to perform the RFD shortened test
alterations across time. Note the fall Another variation of the IMTP would (2 s pull) more often; the shortened less
in RFD after the high-volume strength be to use a number of different pulling fatiguing test can be performed closer
endurance block (SE) agreeing with the positions. For example, clean pulls from to the competition.
observations of Suarez et al.48 After the the starting position, pulls from the bar
sP block with an over-reaching phase at knee level, and pulls from the power As heavier athletes can typically
followed by a substantial volume taper, position. Figure 7 represents the typical produce more absolute force than
RFD was at its highest value just before patternfor IPFand IRFDforareasonably smaller athletes, comparison between
the most important competition of advanced lifter (eg, USA American different size athletes can require
the year for these lifters. As expected Open Championship level) at these scaling in order to reduce the effect of
(among male lifters), detraining caused three positions. Similar patterns would differences in body size. Performances
a marked decrease in RFD (T4) followed be noted for the isometric snatch pull. can be scaled by dividing a result
by an increase as emphases in training Note with training both IPF and IRFD by body mass, traditional allometric
again returned to strength and power can be improved. However, depending scaling,33 or other methods such as
(T5–T6). There was an unexpected upon the position emphasis in training, the Sinclair Coefficient.46 Traditional
drop in RFD among the female lifters greater or lesser improvements for that allometric scaling attempts to account
at T6: exactly why this happened is not position can be made. for the increase in maximum strength
completely understood – yet. as body mass increases by using the
two-thirds power law: isometric force
Programme efficacy monitoring is Nuances and details · bodymass-0.67. Although several
especially important as it can identify methods of scaling the results obtained
and quantify: Although the IMTP is not particularly from an IMTP have been tried, it is
fatiguing or injurious, it may not always important to note that all scaling
1. Differences between males and be feasible to perform the complete methods have limitations.14,46,50 There
females – differences could make test close to an important competition. are limitations to each scaling method,
it necessary to consider somewhat It should be noted that RFD is quite but traditional allometric scaling is
different training programmes for sensitive to both fatigue and adaptation generally efficacious.10,33,50 Allometric
males and females – if IRFD is the primary variable for scaling likely allows for a better (more
consideration then the pulling time fair) assessment compared to simply
2. Although not observed in the study can be decreased to approximately dividing an athletes strength by their
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