vi CONTENTS

2.2.4 Hydraulic Properties 25

2.2.5 Compaction of Geomaterial 26
2.3 Geosynthetics and Properties 29
2.3.1 Type of Geosynthetic 29
2.3.2 Function 30
2.3.3 Properties and Test Methods 33
2.4 In situ Testing 40
2.4.1 Standard Penetration Test 40
2.4.2 Cone Penetration Test 42
2.4.3 Vane Shear Test 45
2.4.4 Pressuremeter Test 46
2.4.5 Plate Load Test 47
2.5 Shallow Foundation Design 48
2.5.1 Bearing Capacity 48
2.5.2 Settlement 50
2.5.3 Consolidation 54
2.6 Slope Stability Analysis 55
2.6.1 Introduction 55
2.6.2 Methods for Slope Stability Analysis 55
2.7 Earth Retaining Wall Analysis 61
2.7.1 Type of Wall 61
2.7.2 Lateral Earth Pressure Coefficient 61
2.7.3 Rankine’s Theory 61
2.7.4 Coulomb’s Theory 63
2.8 Liquefaction Analysis 64
2.8.1 Liquefaction Potential 64
2.8.2 Earthquake-Induced Settlement 66
Problems 67
References 70

CHAPTER 3 SHALLOW AND DEEP COMPACTION 73

3.1 Introduction 73
3.2 Densification Principles 73
3.3 Conventional Compaction 73
3.3.1 Introduction 73
3.3.2 Principles 74
3.3.3 Design Considerations 77
3.3.4 Design Parameters and Procedure 80
3.3.5 Design Example 80
3.3.6 Construction 81
3.3.7 Quality Control and Assurance 82
3.4 Intelligent Compaction 82
3.4.1 Introduction 82
3.4.2 Principles 83
3.4.3 Design Considerations 86
3.4.4 Construction 88
3.4.5 Quality Control and Assurance 88
3.5 Deep Dynamic Compaction 89
3.5.1 Introduction 89
3.5.2 Principles 90
3.5.3 Design Considerations 91
3.5.4 Design Parameters and Procedure 97
3.5.5 Design Example 98