History IDP

Project
Class of 10B
 History 01
leading to
WWI
 What were the main causes of World War I.

● Alliances and rivalries amongst the European Countries was a

leading cause of World War I. There were two major alliances
formed, these being; the Triple Entente ( France, Russia and the
United Kingdom) and the Triple Alliance ( Germany,
Austria-Hungary, and Italy ).
● The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand ( heir to the
throne of Austria-Hungary ) in Sarajevo in 1914 was the last
straw. Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, leading to a
domino effect as other nations got involved
 What were the main causes of World War I

● Germany had invaded Belgium ( August 4, 1914 ). This has

resulted in the UK joining the war. This had led to the
escalation of the war.
● Nationalism, militarism, and imperialistic ambitions added
fuel to the fire. People were proud of their own countries and
wanted them to be powerful, but this caused arguments.
Powerful countries built up big armies and weapons, making
things tense.
 What were the results of these causes?

● All of these causes together resulted in the start

of a war in which major European powers ( The
Triple Entente and The Triple Alliance ) clashed
together.
● An estimated 10 million military deaths and
around 7 million civilian deaths were recorded.
● The war had changed societies, transformed
international borders, overthrown entire
empires and spread the idea of nationalism
amongst the common people.
● The Treaty of Versailles in 1919, which officially
ended the war, imposed severe penalties on
Germany, reshaping political boundaries and
creating economic hardships.
 02
Economic
repercussions
ADVANTAGES ON THE INDIAN ECONOMY
1) WWI led to an increase in demands for basic
amenities, due to this the sales in the markets had
increased leading to a boost for the Indian
industries, mainly in the textile, jute and steel
industry.
2) World War 1 led to an increased demand for
goods around the globe. As a result, Indian
exports and goods like textiles had boomed
during the World War I. This has helped increase
and strengthen the Indian Economy.
DISADVANTAGES ON THE INDIAN ECONOMY
1) INFLATION - The Food and basic Amenities were
redirected towards the Indian Army, as a result there
were shortages of basic goods in the Indian Markets. The
war had further disrupted traffic routes making it difficult
to transport goods. This led to inflation. Prices soared
affecting the life of the common people .

2) ADDITION TO DEBT - After the WWI, there was an

enormous addition to the national debt of Rs 3 million
between 1914 and 1923
DISADVANTAGES ON THE INDIAN ECONOMY
1) THE DRAIN ON THE INDIAN ECONOMY - in the
form of cash, kind and loans to the British government
came to about 367 million pounds

2) FLUCTUATING RUPEE-STERLING RATIO -

However, traders and merchants resented the
fluctuating rupee-sterling exchange rate, import cuts
and new taxes. Industrialists, too, were disturbed when
the exchange rate finally settled at 1s-6d per rupee in
1926. This reduced import prices in the post-war
period, cutting into their wartime advantage.
 "Transformative Shifts: The Evolution of Trade, Agriculture, and Society"

TRADE

● Globalization: Increased trade can lead to globalization, where countries become more
interconnected economical. This has the potential to lead to the exchange of goods, services,
and ideas on a larger scale

● By improving trade relations, farmers and businesses can have better access to international
markets, which could lead to increased sales and profits.
● The increase in trade can increase competition, which can be challenging for some businesses, but it can
also lead to innovation and efficiency improvements.
 "Transformative Shifts: The Evolution of Trade, Agriculture, and Society"

AGRICULTURE

● Increased productivity and efficiency in farming practices can be achieved by technological

advancements in agricultural technology, potentially improving yields and reducing
environmental impact.
● Increased specialization can be caused by changes in agriculture, where regions or countries
focus on producing specific crops or goods based on their comparative advantages.

● Environmental impacts can be caused by agricultural changes, such as changes in land use,
water usage, and the use of pesticides or fertilizers.
 "Transformative Shifts: The Evolution of Trade, Agriculture, and Society"

SOCIETY

● The agricultural workforce and crop types can be influenced by socioeconomic changes like
urbanization, which can lead to a shift from rural to urban areas

● The types of agricultural products in demand can be affected by changing societal preferences,
such as a growing interest in organic or locally sourced products.

● Income disparities can be caused by changes in trade and agriculture, which can affect income
distribution among different segments of society, potentially leading to social and economic
disparities.
Changes in India after WW2
India's connection with the world also grew as it gained its independence

● United Nations - India became a member of United Nations in 1945

and has played an active role in the UN.
● Non Aligned Movement - India has also played an important role in
formation of non aligned movement where its main purpose was to
maintain independence from the cold war and maintaining peace.
● Bilateral Relations - India focussed on developing relationship with
countries around the world.
● Nuclear Program and Global Relations - India conducted its first
nuclear test in 1974.
India’s Post War Position
The war ended in 1945 with India
gaining independence in 1947
with Jawaharlal Nehru as
president. Some major changes
were:
● Five Year Plan - To boost
economic growth, India
introduced five year plans.
● Partition - As the war was
expensive for the British
government, they decided
to decolonize British Raj
into India and Pakistan
BIBLIOGRAPHY
i) History leading to the WWI
https://www.britannica.com/event/World-War-I
https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/treaty-of-versailles-1]

ii) Economic repercussions of WWI on India

https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/post-war_societies_india
https://www.drishtiias.com/daily-news-editorials/impact-of-wwi-on-india