CBLM SMAW NC II GMT

COMPETENCY - BASED LEARNING MATERIALS
Sector:
METALS AND ENGINEERING
Qualification:
Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) NCII
Unit of Competency:
Weld Carbon Steel Plates & Pipes Using SMAW
Module Title:
Welding on Carbon Steel Plates & Pipes Using SMAW
UNIVERSITY OF PERFETUAL HELP SYSTEM DALTA - CALAMBA CAMPUS
Document No.
SHIELDED METAL ARC Date Developed:
MEE721306
WELDING (SMAW) NC II
Issued by: G.M.T
Weld Carbon Steel Plates &
Page No. Developed by: Revision
Pipes Using SMAW
1 / 68 No.
HOW TO USE THIS COMPETNCY BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Welcome
The unit of competency Weld Carbon Steel Plates & Pipes Using SMAW is
one of the competencies of SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING NC I. This
module covers the knowledge, skills and attitude in performing fillet weld in
carbon steel plate.
The module on, Welding Carbon Steel Plates & Pipes Using SMAW
contains training materials and activities related to identifying learners
requirement.
In this module you are required to go through a series of learning

activities in order to complete each learning outcome such as Information-
Sheets, Self-checks, Operation Sheets and Task/Job Sheets. Follow and
perform the activities on your own. If you have questions do not hesitate to
ask for assistance from your trainer.
Remember to:
 Work through all the information and complete the activities in each
section.
Read information sheets and complete the self-check. Suggested references

are included to supplement the materials provided in this module.
 Most probably, your trainer will also your supervisor or manage. He is

there to support you and show you the correct way to do things.
 You will be given plenty of opportunities to ask questions and practice on

the job make sure you practice your new skills during regular work
shifts. This way you will improve your speed, memory and your
confidence.
 Use the self-check, Operation Sheets and Task/job Sheets at the end of
each section to test your own progress. Use the Performance Criteria
Checklist or Procedural Checklist located after the sheet to check your
own performance.
 When you feel confident that you have sufficient practice, ask your
trainer to evaluate you. The result of your assessment will be recorded in
your Progress Chart and Accomplishment Chart.
 You need to complete this module before you can perform the next module
Document No.
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Issued by: G.M.T
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LIST OF COMPETENCIES
No
Unit of Competency Module Title Code
.
Weld Carbon Steel Welding Carbon Steel
1. Plates & Pipes Using Plates & Pipes Using MEE721306
SMAW SMAW
Document No.
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Issued by: G.M.T
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SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES
QUALIFICATION: Shielded Metal Arc Welding NCII
UNIT OF COMPETENCY: Weld Carbon Steel Plates & Pipes Using SMAW
MODULE TITLE: Welding Carbon Steel Plates & Pipes Using SMAW
MODULE DESCRIPTION: This module covers the knowledge, skills and

attitude in performing fillet welding on carbon
steel plates in different positions such as 1F, 2F,
3F, & 4F
This module covers the knowledge, skills and

attitude in performing groove welding on carbon
steel plates in different positions such as 1G, 2G
& 3G
NOMINAL DURATION: 194 Hrs.
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
LO1 Explain the essentials of welding
LO2 Deposit weld beads on plate
LO3 Weld plates in single pass fillet joints in all positions
LO4 Weld plates in multiple pass fillet joints in all positions
LO5 Weld plates in single pass groove joints in flat, horizontal and vertical
Positions
LO6 Weld plates in multiple pass groove joints in flat, horizontal and vertical
positions
Document No.
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DETAILS OF LEARNING OUTCOME
LEARNING OUTCOME 1 Explain the essentials of welding

CONTENTS:
 Welding positions
 Type and size of mild steel electrode
 Travel speed
 Current setting (polarity, amperage, voltage)
 Preheating requirement
 Joint preparation
 Essentials of welding
 International welding codes and standards
 Acceptable weld profiles
 Weld defects, causes and remedies
 Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS)
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Specify root penetration not exceeding allowable tolerances by welding
codes/ standards on
 concavity
 convexity
 undercut
 excess penetration
 lack of fusion
 burn-through
 cracks
2. Specify weld capping/ final pass not exceeding allowable tolerances by welding
codes/ standards on
 Height of reinforcement
 Under-fill
 Porosities
 Undercut
 Cracks
 Cold laps
3. Observe uniformity of bead ripples must be in accordance with welding
standards
4. Deposit stringer or layered beads in accordance with welding standards
5. Visually accept finish weldment in accordance with welding standards for:
 Spatters
 Arc strikes
 Slag
 Uniformity of beads
CONDITIONS:(Tools, equipment, s/m, references/materials)
 Equipment
- SMAW Welding machine (AC/DC)
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- Welding table or jig
- Portable grinder
- Welding booth
 Tools/Accessories
- Welding mask
- Steel brush
- Clear glass
- Chipping hammer
- Dark glass
 Supplies/ Materials
- Welding electrode 6011/6010 and 6013/7018
- Carbon steel plates
- Cutting grinding disk
 Personal protective equipment
- Safety shoes
- Apron
- Leggings
- Safety goggles
- Gloves
 Training Materials
- SMAW welding manuals
- Welding procedures specifications (WPS)
- Welding standards
METHODOLOGIES:
 Lecture/demonstration
 Self-paced learning
 Dualized
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Written/Oral
 Interview
 Direct observation
Document No.
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LEARNING EXPERIENCE
LEARNING OUTCOME 1: Explain the essentials of welding
Learning Activities Special Instructions

1. Read Information sheet 1.1.1
about essential of welding
2. Answer Self-Check 1.1.1 Compare your answers to

Answer Key 1.1.1
about welding positions

Answer Key 1.1.2
about type and size of mild steel electrode

Answer Key 1.1.3
7. Show presentation about welding positions Take notes from a
presentation about essential
of welding
8. Perform Task sheet 1.1.1 Your performance will be
evaluated by your trainer
using Performance Criteria
Checklist 1.1.1
Document No.
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INFORMATION SHEET 1.1.1
ESSENTIAL OF WELDING
LEARNING OBJECTIVE/S:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET you will able to:
 Review parts and function of welding machine SMAW NC I (7.1.1)
 Review welding position (1.1.1) & Joint preparation (1.2.1)
 Essentials of welding
 International welding codes and standards
 Acceptable weld profiles
 Weld defects, causes and remedies
 Welding Procedure Specifications (WPS)
PREPARATION
All surfaces in the weld area must be free of dust, dirt, grease, and oxide prior
to starting a weld. Greasy or oily steel sheet should be degreased. Rusty steel
sheet, or sheet covered in dark mill scale, must be cleaned back to bare
metal. A hand-held wire brush sand blasting or grinding.
PROCEDURE
When learning to use arc welding equipment, the first step are to practice
striking an arc, depositing some well metal and then breaking the arc. Get a
piece of low carbon steel scrap plate 10 mm thick and clean off any paint,
loose scale or grease. Prepare and assemble the welding equipment as
described in SMAW NC I (6.3.1)
ELECTRODE SELECTION
The type of electrode chosen will depend on the material to be welded. You are
going to practice on a piece of 10 mm low carbon steel. The electrode size to
use will be a mild steel general purpose rod, size 4 mm. The electrode size is
determined by the thickness of material and the type of joint to be welded. To
prevent burning holes through thin material, a smaller size electrode would
use.
AMPERAGE SELECTION
Suitable amperages for various diameters of electrode are usually printed on
the electrode packet, although they can be varied to suit conditions. Welds on
thin plate require low amperages to prevent burn through, whilst deeper
penetration is achieved by using higher amperages.
Reminder:
Refer to an electrode chart for the recommended welding amperage for a 4
mm rod.
Document No.
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Issued by: G.M.T
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INTERNATIONAL WELDING CODES
Each section prescribes the minimum requirements for the design, materials,
fabrication, erection, testing and inspection of a particular type of piping
system. Both of these documents are American National Standards
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers is an American professional

association that, in its own words, "promotes the art, science, and practice of
multidisciplinary engineering and allied sciences.
American Welding Society (AWS) Standards. The American Welding Society

(AWS) publishes over 241 AWS-developed codes, recommended practices and
guides which are written in accordance with American National Standards
Institute (ANSI) practices.
STANDARD N0. DESCRIPTION

Specification for carbon steel electrodes and rods for
AWS A5.18
gas shielded arc welding
AWS B1.10 Guide for the non-destructive examination of welds
Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance
AWS B2.1
Qualification
AWS D1.1 Structural welding (steel)
American Petroleum Institute (API) has been the leader in developing

equipment and operating standards for the oil and natural gas industry.

API RP 577 Welding Inspection and Metallurgy
Welding Guidelines for the Chemical, Oil, and Gas
API RP 582
Industries
API 1104 Welding of pipelines and related facilities
Australian / New Zealand (AS/NZS) Standards. Standards Australia is the

body responsible for the development, maintenance and publication
of Australian Standards. The following is a partial list specific
to welding: Standard Number. Description.

Structural steel welding - Welding of sheet steel
AS/NZS 1554.7
structures
Pressure equipment - Welding and brazing
AS/NZS 3992
qualification
Welding consumables - Covered electrodes for manual
AS/NZS 4855
metal arc welding
Document No.
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Canadian Standards Association (CSA) is a company level certification
based on the standard developed and published by the titled "Certification of
companies for fusion welding of steel.

W48-14 Filler metals and allied materials for metal arc welding
Certification of companies for resistance welding of
W55.3-08 (R2013)
steel and aluminum
W59-13 Welded steel construction (metal arc welding)
W59.2-M1991
Welded Aluminum Construction
(R2013)
British Standard BSI welding standards cover specifications, procedures and

tests for use by welders, quality controllers and manufacturers. The safety,
reliability and cost effectiveness of welded products requires the welds to be of
adequate quality

Welding terms and symbols. European
BS 499-2C
arc welding symbols in chart form
Specification for Class I arc welding of ferritic steel
BS 2633
pipework for carrying fluids
Specification for class II arc welding of carbon steel
BS 2971
pipework for carrying fluids
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) to promote by all

appropriate means the organization of national welding institutes or
associations in countries where these do not exist

Welds. Working positions. Definitions of angles of slope
ISO 6947
and rotation
Qualification test of welders — Fusion welding, parts 1
ISO 9606
to 5
European Federation for Welding, Joining and Cutting (EWF) is an

organization dedicated to education, training, qualification and certification in
the field of welding and related technologies.

AWS A5.18
AWS B2.1
Qualification
Document No.
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Deutsches Institut Fur Normung (DIN), the German national organization

for Standardization, develops norms and standards as a service to industry,
the state and society as a whole. By agreement with the German Federal
Government, DIN is the acknowledged national standards body that
represents German interests in European and international standards
organizations.

AWS A5.18
AWS B2.1
Qualification
Document No.
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ACCEPTABLE WELD PROFILE
ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR COMPLETED WELDS

Butt Welds
 As-welded surfaces are permitted; however, the surface of welds shall
be sufficiently free from coarse ripples, grooves, overlaps, abrupt
ridges, undercut, and valleys.
 The surface condition of the finished welds shall be suitable for the
proper interpretation of radiographic and other non-destructive
examinations when non-destructive examinations are required. In
those cases where there is a question regarding the surface condition
on the interpretation of a radiographic film, the film shall be compared
to the actual weld surface for interpretation and determination of
acceptability.
 Undercuts shall not exceed 1/32 in. and shall not encroach on the
minimum required section thickness.
 For single-welded joints (i.e., butt joints welded from one side),
concavity of the root surface shall not reduce the total thickness of the
joint, including reinforcement, to less than the nominal thickness of the
thinner component being joined. (This applies only when inside surface
of the weld is readily accessible or the weld has been radiographed.)
 For single welded joints, the excess root penetration shall be limited to
the lesser of 1/8 in. or 25 % of the nominal wall thickness of the
thinner component being joined, down to ¼ in. wall thickness. For any
nominal wall thickness less than ¼ in., the excess penetration shall be
limited to 1/16 in. (applies only when inside surface of the weld is
readily accessible or the weld has been radiographed).
 Weld reinforcement greater than the amounts specified in the weld

reinforcement table at the end of this attachment shall be considered
unacceptable.
Document No.
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Socket and Fillet Welds
 As-welded surfaces are permitted; however, the surface of welds shall
be sufficiently free from coarse ripples, grooves, overlaps, abrupt ridges,
undercut, and valleys.
 The surface condition of the finished welds shall be suitable for the
proper interpretation of non-destructive examinations.
 Socket and fillet welds may vary from convex to concave. The size of a
fillet weld is determined as shown in fillet weld diagrams at the end of
this attachment. Typical minimum fillet weld details for slip-on flanges
and socket-welding components are also contained in fillet weld
diagrams at the end of this attachment.
FILLET WELD PROFILES & SLIP ON /

SOCKET WELDED FLANGES WELD PROFILE
EQUAL LEG FILLET WELD
The “size” of an equal leg fillet weld is the length of the largest inscribed right
Isosceles triangle. Theoretical Throat = 0.7 x Size.
Document No.
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UNEQUAL LEG FILLET WELD
For unequal leg fillet welds, the “size” of the weld is the leg length of the
largest
Right triangle which can be inscribed within the fillet weld cross section.
SLIP-ON & SOCKET WELDED FLANGES
X min. = 1.4 T1 or thickness of the Hub, whichever is smaller, but not less
Than 1/8 in. T1 = minimum pipe wall thickness.
Notes:
(1) All rejected welds must be repaired or replaced as necessary to meet
applicable quality standards.
(2) Welder may be required to demonstrate ability to perform welds meeting
the quality standards
(3) Progressive sampling may also be applied for required visual examination
(VT).
(4) The Flow chart may be applied with the Ultrasonic method an alternative
to RT.
Document No.
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WELD REINFORCEMENT TABLE
ASME B31.3
Thickness of Base Material Thickness of Reinforcement or

Internal Weld Protrusion
¼ in. and under 1 /16 in.
Over ¼ in. to ½ in. 1 /8 in.
Over ½ in. to 1 in. 5 /32 in.
Over 1 in. 3 /16 in.
Note: External weld reinforcement and internal weld protrusion shall be fused
with and shall merge smoothly into the component surface.
Document No.
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WELD DEFECTS, CAUSES AND REMEDIES
Welding defects can be defined as weld surface irregularities, discontinuities,

imperfections, or inconsistencies that occur in welded parts. Defects in weld
joints could result in the rejection of parts and assemblies, costly repairs,
significant reduction of performance under working conditions and,
in extreme cases, catastrophic failures with loss of property and life.
MARK/LOCATE WELD DEFECTS

 Identifies/determines location of weld defects in accordance with
industry standard.
 Marks weld defects for repair in accordance with industry standard.
 Performs procedures in locating weld defects as per approved
procedures.
Document No.
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Porosity
Porosity – small cavities or holes resulting from gas
pocket in weld Metal
Possible Causes Corrective Actions

Arc length too long Reduce arc length
Work piece dirty Remove all grease, oil, rust, paint, coating, slag &
dirt from work surface before welding
Damp electrode Use dry electrode
Excessive Spatter
Excessive Spatter – scattering of molten metal
particles that cool to solid form near weld bead

Amperage too high for Decrease amperage or select larger electrode
electrode
Arc length too long or Reduce arc length or voltage
voltage too high
Lack of Penetration
Lack of Penetration – Shallow fusion between weld
Metal and base metal

Improper joint Material too thick joint penetration & design must
penetration provide access to bottom of groove
Improper weld  Keep arc on leading of weld puddle
technique  Reduce travel speed
Insufficient heat input Increase amperage, Select larger electrode & increase
amperage
Document No.
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Burn - through
Burn – Through – weld metal melting completely
through base metal resulting in holes where no
metal remains

Excessive heat input Select lower amperage. Use smaller electrode
Increase / or maintain steady travel speed
Distortion
Distortion – contraction of weld metal during
welding that Forces base metal to move

Excessive heat input  Use restraint clamp to hold base metal in position
 Make tack weld along joint before starting weld
operations
 Predict anticipated weld distortion & pre camber
base metal
 Select lower amperage for electrode
 Increase travel speed
 Weld in small segments & allow cooling between
welds
Incomplete Fusion
Incomplete Fusion – failure of weld metal to fuse
completely with base metal or a proceeding weld
bead

Insufficient heat input Increase amperage. Select larger electrode & increase
amperage
Improper welding  Place stringer bead in proper locations at joint
technique during welding.
 Adjust work angle or widen groove to access
bottom during welding.
 Momentarily hold arc on groove side walls when
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using weaving technique.
 Keep arc on leading edge of weld puddle
Work piece dirty  Remove all grease, oil, rust, paint, coating, slag &
dirt from work surface before welding
Excessive Penetration
Excessive Penetration – weld metal melting through
base metal and hanging underneath weld

Excessive heat input Select lower amperage
Improper weld Adjust travel speed
technique
Document No.
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WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION (WPS)
A welded construction applies, quality prescriptions concerning design

production and use. Therefore clients in Petro and chemical industry claims
approved welding procedures. Welding requires skill. Determining "how to
weld" requires knowledge regarding the materials being welded and welding
process, among numerous other factors. Because of huge number of variables
involved, the knowledge of the welding engineer and the skill of the welder
need to be validated by a series of tests.
This information is documented Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure

Vessel Code (BPVC), on:
1. Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
2. Welding Procedure Qualification Record (WPQR)
3. Welding Performance Qualification (WPQ)
Welding Procedure Specification

The Welding Procedure Specification is a required document for all code
welding. Your customer either directly or indirectly specifies to what code
your company must qualify. The WPS outlines all of the parameters required
to perform your welding operation.
In short the WPS is the recipe for your welding operation. It describes the
welding process or processes used, the base materials used, the joint design
and geometry, gases and flow rates, welding position and includes all of the
process conditions and variables. Each code has a recommended format.
Welding Procedure Qualification Record

The Welding Procedure Qualification Record is the document that qualifies
the Welding Procedure Specification. In order to qualify your WPS, a
procedure qualification plate is welded the code requirements. The actual test
parameters are recorded at the time of welding to ensure the WPS was being
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followed. Generally any supporting documentation, such as material
specifications, electrode specifications and shielding gas specifications, are
included as part of the WPQR. All required testing, both non-destructive and
destructive, is recorded as well. These tests typically include X-Ray
examinations, ultrasonic examinations, tensile testing, bend testing and when
required impact testing.
The WPQR combines all of the information of the WPS and adds the test
results to provide a complete document that certifies the welding
specification. This document is also required by all codes
Welder Performance Qualification

A Welder Performance Qualification (WPQ) is a test certificate that shows
whether a welder possesses the necessary experience and knowledge to
perform the specifications of a particular weld procedure. MES conducts
destructive and non-destructive tests on a weld coupon provided by the
welder to determine whether the welder is capable of producing a good weld
quality using the welding processes, materials and prescribed procedures.
Upon passing the procedure requirements, a welder is given a qualification
record (WPQR) specific to the procedure weld variables.
Document No.
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Prepared by : Welding Procedure Identification No. :
Guillermo M. Taiza Specification( WPS ) Job sheet No.1
Training Center :
University of Perpetual Help Rizal, Inc. Calamba Campus
Process : Process type : Positions :
SMAW Manual Horizontal 1G
Base Metal Mild steel
Filler Metal WPS A5.1 E6013 / E7018 / E6011
Inter Pass Cleaning Chipping hammer, File, Steel brush, Grinder
Current / Polarity DCEP
Weld Type Fillet weld
Joint Details / Joint Design Used / Sketch :
Weld size Filler dia.

Weld layers Pass No. Current amps.
(in) ( mm) (mm) (in)
3.2mm /
3/16 – 4mm Root pass 1 70 - 90
1/8”
3.2mm /
3/16 – 4mm Hot pass 2 80-100
1/8”
3.2mm /
3/16 – 4mm Fill pass 3-4 80-130
1/8”
Capping 3.2mm /
3/16 – 4mm 5-6-7 80-130
pass 1/8”
Document No.
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MARKING TABLE
Marking table Marking subtracted
1. Straightness 5
2. Width of bead 5
3. Height of bead 5
4. Ripple 5
5. Plate alignment 5
Final points 25 Final points
Document No.
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Prepared by : Welding Procedure Identification No. :
Guillermo M. Taiza Specification( WPS ) Job sheet No.2
Training Center :
TRACE Technology, Research and Development Center
Process : Process type : Positions :
SMAW Manual Vertical 3G
Base Metal Mild steel
Filler Metal WPS A5.1 E6013 / E7018 / E6011
Inter Pass Chipping hammer, File, Steel brush, Grinder
Cleaning
Current / Polarity DCEP
Weld Type Fillet weld
Joint Details / Joint Design Used / Sketch :
Weld size Filler dia. Current

Weld layers Pass No.
(in) ( mm) (mm) (in) amps.
3.2mm /
3/16 – 4mm Root pass 1 70 - 90
1/8”
3.2mm /
3/16 – 4mm Hot pass 2 80-100
1/8”
3.2mm /
3/16 – 4mm Fill pass 3-4 80-130
1/8”
3.2mm /
3/16 – 4mm Capping pass 5-6-7 80-130
1/8”
Document No.
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MARKING TABLE
Marking table Marking subtracted

1. Straightness 5
2. Width of bead 5
3. Height of bead 5
4. Ripple 5
5. Plate alignment 5
Final points 25 Final points
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SELF CHECK 1.1.1
Directions: Place the correct words in the space provided that will make the
sentence complete and true.
N
o
1 ASME
2 AWS
3 API
4 AS/NZS
5 CSA
6 BS
7 ISO
8 CEN
9 DIN and others
Multiple Choice - Directions: Choose the letter of the correct

answer Use separate sheet of paper.
1. Undercuts shall not exceed

A. 1/32 in
B. 3/32 in
C. 5/32 in
2. The total thickness for single-welded joints (i.e., butt joints welded from one
side) concavity of the root surface ______?
A. Shall elongated the total thickness of the join.
B. Shall reduce the total thickness of the join.
C. .Shall not reduce the total thickness of the join.
3. For single welded joints, the excess root penetration shall be limited to the
lesser of what tolerance of the nominal wall thickness of the thinner
component being joined, down to ¼ in. wall thickness.
A. 1/8 in.
B. 3/16 in
C. 1/4 in
4. Small cavities or holes resulting from gas pocket in weld Metal

A. Lack of Penetration
B. Burn – Through
C. Porosity
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5. Scattering of molten metal particles that cool to solid form near weld
bead
A. Excessive Spatter
B. Lack of Penetration
C. Burn – Through
6. Shallow fusion between weld Metal and base metal

C. Burn – Through
7. Weld metal melting completely through base metal resulting in holes

where no metal remains
C. Burn – Through
8. Contraction of weld metal during welding that Forces base metal to

move
A. Distortion
C. Burn – Through
9. Weld metal melting through base metal and hanging underneath weld
B. Excessive penetration
C. Burn – Through
10. A procedure qualification plate is welded the code requirements. The

actual test parameters are recorded at the time of welding was being followed.
A. WPS
B. WPQR
C. WPQ
11. It describes the welding process or processes used, the base materials
used, the joint design and geometry, gases and flow rates, welding
position and includes all of the process conditions and variables. Each
code has a recommended format
A. WPS
B. WPQR
C. WPQ
12. A test certificate that shows whether a welder possesses the necessary
experience and knowledge to perform the specifications of a particular
weld procedure.
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A. WPS
B. WPR
C. WPQ
ANSWER KEY 1.1.1

Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
28 / 68 No.
N
o
1 American Society of Mechanical Engineers Codes
2 American Welding Society Standards
3 American Petroleum Institute Standards
4 Australian / New Zealand Standards
5 Canadian Standards Association Standards
6 British Standards
International Organization for Standardization
7
Standards
8 European Union standards
9 German Standards
1. A
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. A
6. B
7. C
8. A
9. B
10. B
11. A
12. C
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
29 / 68 No.
WELDING POSITIONS
 Apply welding positions
Flat position
 The easiest type to perform is the flat position, which is also sometimes
called the down-hand position. It involves welding on the top side of
the joint. In this position, the molten metal is drawn downward into the
joint. The result is a faster and easier weld.
 In 1G and 1F, the number 1 refers to the flat position, while the letter G
stands for a groove weld and letter F stands for a fillet weld.
1F
Single pass
Multiple pass
90°
Horizontal position
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
30 / 68 No.
 2G is a groove weld position that involves placing the weld axis in a
horizontal plane or approximately horizontal. As for the face of the weld,
it should lie in an approximately vertical plane.
 2F is a fillet weld position, in which the welding is done on the upper
side of the surfaces that is approximately horizontal that lies against a
surface that is approximately vertical. In this position, the torch is
usually held at a 45-degree angle.
2F
Vertical position
 When welding vertically, the force of gravity pushes the molten metal
downward and so it has the tendency to pile up. To counteract this, you
can use either an upward or downhill vertical position.
 To control this in the upward vertical position, point the flame upward,
holding it at a 45-degree angle to the plate. This way, the welder will use
the metal from the lower parts of the workpiece to weld against the force
of gravity.
3F
Overhead position
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
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In the overhead position, the metal deposited to the joint tends to sag on the
plate, resulting in a bead with a higher crown. To prevent this, keep the
molten puddle small.
 If the weld puddle becomes too large, remove the flame for a moment in
order to allow the molten metal to cool.
4F
NOTE:
 Practice making fillet welds and when an acceptable proficiency is
attained, make a test pate by welding one side only and then bending
the top plate over the joint until it breaks. Examine the break for root
penetration and uniform fusion.
JOINT FIT-UP AND ALIGNMENT
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
32 / 68 No.
A. The root opening and fit-up tolerances shall be as specified in GWS 1-06,
Weld Joint Design. If the tolerances cannot be achieved, the end
preparations may be built up by welding or re-prepared by machining or
grinding.
B. The parts to be joined by a tee or fillet weld shall be brought into as close
contact as is practicable. The maximum gap between these parts shall
not exceed 3 /16 in. If the separation is greater than 1 /16 in., each leg
of the fillet weld shall be increased by the amount of separation.
C. The gap between faying surfaces of lap joints or butt welds utilizing
backing shall not exceed 1 /16 in.
D. Parts to be joined by butt welding shall be carefully aligned to maintain

an offset not exceeding 10 % of the thickness of the thinner part joined,
but in no case more than 1 /8 in. shall be permitted as a departure from
the theoretical alignment.
In correcting misalignment in such cases, the parts shall not be drawn

into a slope exceeding ½ in. in each 12 in. of length. Measurement of
offset shall be based upon center line of parts unless otherwise shown on
the drawing.
E. The parts to be joined by partial penetration groove welds parallel to the

length of the member (bearing joints excepted), shall be brought into as
close contact as practicable. The gap between parts shall not exceed 3
/16 in.
Joint preparation is a more technical term used in the welding industry to

describe how you prepare metal for welding. See, when you weld something
you are usually welding two pieces of metal together to form a joint.
Selection of the right weld joint depends on the thickness and process used.
The square welds are the most economical for pieces thinner than 3/8”,
because they don't require the edge to be prepared. Double-groove welds are
the most economical for thicker pieces because they require
less weld material and time.
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
33 / 68 No.
Prequalified joint B-U3c-S utilizing a bevel and a root opening.
Prequalified joint B-U2-S utilizing a bevel and a root opening.
Prequalified joint B-U2-S utilizing a bevel and a root opening.
Double-V” groove joint designs with different included angles. A larger angle
can
A Double-V joint design utilizes about half of the weld metal of its Single-
V counterpart.
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
34 / 68 No.
Example of a U-Groove weld joint configuration
Illustration showing how a larger included angle can reduce crack

sensitivity.
Document No.
MEE721306
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Comparison of Single-V and Double-V groove joint designs.
Comparison of two different pass sequence procedures. Less plate

distortion can be achieved by balancing the weld passes.
Document No.
MEE721306
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Pipes Using SMAW
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Multi-pass Welds
Multi-pass welds enable a variety of weld joints and plate thicknesses to
be welded with the same procedures and materials. In certain base materials,
Document No.
MEE721306
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the multiple pass welding technique must be used to maintain adequate
properties in the base HAZ (heat affected zone).
For maximum strength weld both sides of upright section.
 Multi-Layer Deposits Weld a second layer when a heavier fillet is
needed. Use any of the weaving patterns
 Remove slag before making another weld pass.
Single types of groove welds
ANGLE OF BEVEL
The angle at which an edge or end of a component is prepared for making a
butt weld
Document No.
MEE721306
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BACKING BAR
A piece of metal or other material placed behind a butt or corner joint to help
the welding operation but not intended to become part of the weld.
BACKING STRIP
A piece of metal placed at the back of a joint and becoming part of the welded
joint.
HEAT AFFECTED ZONE

The part of the parent metal that has not melted but has been physically
affected by the heat of welding.
Document No.
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TOE
The junction between the face of a weld and the parent metal.
WELD FACE
The exposed surface of a weld seen from the side from which the welding was
made.
REINFORCEMENT
Weld metal deposited which is surplus to that required to make a flush joint.
PENETRATION
Weld penetration is the distance that the fusion line extends below the
surface of the material being welded.
THROAT
The shortest distance between the weld root and the face of a fillet weld.
Root penetration
WELDING JOINTS
A welding joint is a point or edge where two or more pieces of metal or plastic
are joined together.
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
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Butt joint
A joint where the weld is made between
the aligned ends or edges of two parts.
Lap joint
A joint where a weld is made between the
end or edge of one part and the face of
the other.
Fillet joint
A joint where a weld is made in the angle formed by the faces of two parts or
by the edge or end of one part and the face of the other.
Tee Corner Edge
1G: the horizontal rolled position. In this position the pipe is horizontal
and it is being rolled so that you, the welder, are actually in a flat position
relative to the pipe. It's the easiest pipe welding position.
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
41 / 68 No.
The pipe is rolled horizontally. The weld
is made in the flat position
(Approximately 12 O’clock as the pipe
is rolled)
2G: the vertical position. The 2G position is where the pipe you are welding
is vertical and you are welding in the horizontal.
5G: the horizontal fixed position. 5G is a lot like 1G in that the pipe is in
the horizontal position. The difference is that the pipe is stationary and not
rolling as you weld, which makes it more challenging.
The pipe is horizontal fixed position

 Welding downward
 Welding upward
6G: pipe inclined fixed position. 6G is the most difficult of the pipe welding
positions because the pipe is at a forty five degree angle and it is not rolling.
And therefore you will need to be able to weld on all four positions to finish
the 6G weld.
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
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The pipe is inclined at a 45° angle
SELF CHECK 1.1.2

WELDING POSITIONS
MULTIPLE CHOICE: Choose the most appropriate answer for the following
Questions.
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
43 / 68 No.
1. Pipe inclined fixed position. Is the most difficult of the pipe welding
positions because the pipe is at a forty five degree angle and it is not
rolling and therefore you will need to be able to weld on all four
positions to finish the weld?
A. 5G
B. 6G
C. 1G
2. Is a lot like 1G in that the pipe is in the horizontal position? The

difference is that the pipe is stationary and not rolling as you weld,
which makes it more challenging.
A. 5G
B. 6G
C. 1G
3. The position is where the pipe you are welding is vertical and you are
welding in the horizontal.
A. 5G
B. 6G
C. 2G
4. The horizontal rolled position. In this position the pipe is horizontal and
it is being rolled so that you, the welder, are actually in a flat position
relative to the pipe. It's the easiest pipe welding position.
A. 5G
B. 2G
C. 1G
ANSWER KEY 1.1.2

WELDING POSITIONS
1. B
2. A
3. C
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
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4. C
TASK SHEET 1.1.2

Title of Task:
Welding position
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
45 / 68 No.
Performance Objective:
Given necessary materials, tools, and equipment the student/trainee must be
able to identify welding position
Supplies / Materials:
 Supplies/materials
- Pencil/paper
- Reference books
- Learning materials/module
- OHP/transparencies
- Video/multi-media materials
Equipment / Accessories :
Steps / Procedure: Explain welding positions

1. 1F – 4F plate
2. 1G – 4G plate
3. 1G, 2G, 5G & 6G pipe
Assessment method : Demonstration

TYPE AND SIZE OF MILD STEEL ELECTRODE
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
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46 / 68 No.
 Apply the type and size of mild steel electrode
The Electrode is coated in a metal mixture called flux, which gives off gases
as it decomposes to prevent weld contamination, introduces deoxidizers to
purify the weld, causes weld-protecting slag to form, improves the arc
stability, and provides alloying elements to improve the weld quality.
AWS Classifications Explained. The American Welding Society (AWS)

numbering system can tell a welder quite a bit about a specific stick electrode
including what application it works best in and how it should be used to
maximize performance. The prefix "E" designates an arc welding electrode.
The Prefix "E" designates an arc welding electrode. The first two digits of a 4-
digit number and the first three digits of 5-digit number indicate minimum
tensile strength. For example, E6010 is a 60,000 psi tensile strength electrode
while E10018 designates a 100,000 psi tensile strength electrode.
E 60 1 10
Tensile Type of Coating
Electrode Position
Strength and Current
Digit Type of Coating Welding Current

0 High cellulose sodium DC+
1 High cellulose potassium AC, DC+ or DC-
2 High titanium sodium AC, DC-
3 High titanium potassium AC, DC+
4 Iron powder, titanium AC, DC+ or DC-
5 Low hydrogen sodium DC+
6 Low hydrogen potassium AC, DC+
7 High iron oxide, iron powder AC, DC+ or DC-
8 Low hydrogen potassium, iron powder AC, DC+ or DC-
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
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As a welder, there are certain electrodes that you will most likely see and use
time and time again as you go about your daily operations. A DC machine
produces a smoother arc. DC rated electrodes will only run on a DC welding
machine. Electrodes which are rated for AC welding are more forgiving and
can also be used with a DC machine. Here are some of the most common
electrodes and how they are typically used:
E6010
DC only and designed for putting the root bead on the inside of a piece of
pipe, this is the most penetrating arc of all. It is tops to dig through rust, oil,
paint or dirt. It is an all-position electrode that beginning welders usually find
extremely difficult, but is loved by pipeline welders worldwide.
Suggested Amperage Range: 75-125
Use less amps on thin metal; more amps on thick metal.
E6011
This electrode is used for all-position AC welding or for welding on rusty,
dirty, less-than-new metal. It has a deep, penetrating arc and is often the first
choice for repair or maintenance work when DC is unavailable.
E6013
This all-position, AC electrode is used for welding clean, new sheet metal. Its
soft arc has minimal spatter, moderate penetration and an easy-to-clean slag.
Document No.
MEE721306
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E7018
A low-hydrogen, usually DC, all-position electrode used when quality is an
issue or for hard-to-weld metals. It has the capability of producing more
uniform weld metal, which has better impact properties at temperatures
below zero.
Suggested Amperage Range: 110- 165
E7024
Typically used to make a large weld down-hand with AC in plate that is at
least ¼" thick, but more commonly used for plate that is ½" and up.
308L
This electrode is For 308 and 304 stainless base metal. Smooth, tough welds
with the strength, corrosion and crack resistance needed for welding stainless
steel in all positions. Easy slag removal. The electrode itself has low carbon
content to prevent carbide precipitation during welding as well as to inhibit
any subsequent carbide precipitation of the weld during service. It yields a
concave weld bead that is smooth and refined.
Ni-CL
This electrode excels in low-stress welding applications on light- and medium-
weight castings and where maximum machinability is desired. Cast-Alloy
deposits sound weld metal on good quality castings. Bonding to both base
metal and adjacent beads is complete. Spatter level is low and slag is easily
removed.
Suggested Amperage Range: 65- 85
Other Electrodes
Although not nearly as common, an electrode may have additional numbers
after it such as E8018-B2H4R. In this case, the "B2" indicates chemical
composition of the weld metal deposit. The "H4" is the diffusible hydrogen
designator, which indicates the maximum diffusible hydrogen level obtained
with the product. And "R" stands for the moisture resistant designator to
indicate the electrode's ability to meet specific low moisture pickup limits
under controlled humidification tests.
SMAW Also known as manual metal arc welding or stick welding, this process
uses a consumable electrode covered with flux. An electric current is used to
form an electric arc between the electrode and the metals to be joined. The
work piece and the consumable electrode melt, which, when cool, forms
the joint. As the weld is laid, the flux disintegrates and produces vapors
Document No.
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that serve as a shielding gas and creates a layer of slag, which protects the
welded joint from atmospheric contamination
HAZ
The Heat Affected Zone (aka HAZ) is the volume of material at or near the
weld which properties have been altered due to the weld heat. Since the
resistance welding process relies on heating two parts, some amount of HAZ
is inevitable.
WELD POOL
The weld pool must be carried along the joint in a consistent width and depth,
and the motion used to carry the weld pool has a direct effect on the quality of
the weld bead. A weld made by starting and carrying a weld pool, without the
addition of a filler material, is called an autogenously weld.
SHIELDING GAS
As the weld is laid, the flux coating of the electrode disintegrates, giving off
vapors that serve as a shielding gas and providing a layer of slag, both of
which protect the weld area from atmospheric contamination.
SLAG
Slag covers protect the molten metal during welding from the surrounding
atmosphere. The slag cover is usually obtained from the coating of
the electrode.
SELF CHECK 1.1.3

Document No.
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Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
50 / 68 No.
Questions.
1. This electrode is used for all-position AC welding or for welding on rusty,

dirty, less-than-new metal. It has a deep, penetrating arc and is often the
first choice for repair or maintenance work when DC is unavailable.
A. E6013
B. E6011
C. 308L
2. This all-position, AC electrode is used for welding clean, new sheet metal.
Its soft arc has minimal spatter, moderate penetration and an easy-to-
clean slag.
A. E6013
B. E6011
C. E7018
3. A low-hydrogen, usually DC, all-position electrode used when quality is an

issue or for hard-to-weld metals.
A. E6013
B. E6011
C. E7018
4. Smooth, tough welds with the strength, corrosion and crack resistance
needed for welding stainless steel in all positions. Easy slag removal.
A. E6013
B. 308L
C. Ni-CL
2. This electrode excels in low-stress welding applications on light- and

medium-weight castings and where maximum machinability is desired.
Cast-Alloy deposits sound weld metal on good quality castings.
A. E6013
B. 308L
C. Ni-CL
ANSWER KEY 1.1.3

1. B
Document No.
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2. A
3. C
4. B
5. C
TASK SHEET 1.1.3

Title of Task:
Type and size of mild steel electrode
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
52 / 68 No.
Performance Objective:
Given necessary materials, tools, and equipment the student/trainee must be
able to identify consumable materials specifications
Supplies / Materials:
 Supplies/materials
- Pencil/paper
- Reference books
- Learning materials/module
- OHP/transparencies
- Video/multi-media materials
Equipment / Accessories :
 Electrode
Steps / Procedure: Explain materials specifications
1. AWS Classifications
2. Consumable electrode
Assessment method : Demonstration
JOB SHEET
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST 1.1
EXPLAIN THE ESSENTIAL OF WELDING
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
53 / 68 No.
Trainee’s Name: __________________________________ Date: ________________
CRITERIA YES NO
Did you…
1. Essential of welding
2. Welding positions
3. Type and size of mild steel electrode
DETAILS OF LEARNING OUTCOME
LEARNING OUTCOME 2 Deposit weld beads on plate
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
54 / 68 No.
CONTENTS:
 Welding positions
 Material thickness
 Pipe diameter
 Type of material
 Type and size of mild steel electrode
 Travel speed
 Current setting (polarity, amperage, voltage)
 Preheating requirement
 Joint preparation
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Specify root penetration not exceeding allowable tolerances by welding
codes/ standards on
 concavity
 convexity
 undercut
 lack of fusion
 burn-through
 cracks
2. Specify weld capping/ final pass not exceeding allowable tolerances by welding
codes/ standards on
 Under-fill
 Porosities
 Undercut
 Cracks
 Cold laps
3. Observe uniformity of bead ripples must be in accordance with welding standards
4. Deposit stringer or layered beads in accordance with welding standards
5. Visually accept finish weldment in accordance with welding standards for:
 Spatters
 Arc strikes
 Slag
CONDITIONS:(Tools, equipment, s/m, references/materials)
 Equipment
- SMAW Welding machine (AC/DC)
- Welding table or jig
- Portable grinder
- Welding booth
 Tools/Accessories
- Welding mask
- Steel brush
- Clear glass
Document No.
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- Chipping hammer
- Dark glass
 Supplies/ Materials
- Welding electrode 6011/6010 and 6013/7018
- Carbon steel plates
- Cutting grinding disk
 Personal protective equipment
- Safety shoes
- Apron
- Leggings
- Safety goggles
- Gloves
 Training Materials
- SMAW welding manuals
- Welding procedures specifications (WPS)
- Welding standards
METHODOLOGIES:
 Lecture/demonstration
 Self-paced learning
 Dualized
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
 Written/Oral
 Interview
 Direct observation
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
LEARNING OUTCOME 2: Deposit weld beads on plate
Document No.
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Issued by: G.M.T
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Learning Activities Special Instructions
about joint preparation

Answer Key 1.2.1
Take notes from a
3. Show presentation about deposit weld presentation about joint
beads on plate preparation
4. Perform Task sheet 1.2.1 Your performance will be
evaluated by your trainer
using Performance Criteria
Checklist 1.2.1

JOINT PREPARATION
Document No.
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 Apply joint preparation
The arc stream

Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), also known as manual metal arc
welding (MMA or MMAW), flux shielded arc welding or informally as stick
welding, is a manual arc welding process that uses a consumable electrode
covered with a flux to lay the weld.
An electric current, in the form of

either alternating current or direct
current from a welding power supply,
is used to form an electric arc
between the electrode and the metals
to be joined. The workpiece and the
electrode melts forming a pool of
molten metal (weld pool) that cools
to form a joint. As the weld is laid, the
flux coating of the electrode
disintegrates, giving off vapors that
serve as a shielding gas and providing
a layer of slag, both of which protect
the weld area from atmospheric
contamination.
Electrode type
Select proper electrode for each job based on the type of base metal, expected
service, and mechanical properties required.
1. E6010
2. E6011
3. E6013
4. E7018
Electrode size
Electrode size should depend on the electrode type, welding position, joint
preparation, base metal thickness, and skill of the welder.
Document No.
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Welding current – Electrode melts too fast if the current is too high and the
molten pool becomes large, irregular, and difficult to control; on the other
hand, too, low current will not provide enough heat to melt the base metal,
causing the molten pool to be sluggish, with a high, irregular, rope-like weld
bead. Generally, electrode has inherent current limits.
 If the current is too high, then the core wire overheats and the coating
cracks.
 For current that is too low, there is insufficient heat to maintain the arc
and form the protective gas shield.
Arc length
 If an arc length is too long, the metal melts off the electrode in large
globules that shift from side to side, resulting in a wide and irregular weld
bead with considerable spatter, and porosity may form and degradation of
the mechanical property may occur.
 If the arc is too short, then it has insufficient heat to melt the base metal
and electrode, which often results in the electrode sticking to the work.
Travel speed
Document No.
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 If the welding speed is too fast, that may allow the weld pool to freeze
before impurities and gases can escape, and the bead will be narrow and
inadequate in size.
 For speeds that are too slow the metal piles up and the bead is larger
than required.
Electrode angle
In fillet welding and deep groove welding, the electrode angle is important.
 When making a fillet weld the electrode should be held so that it equally
divides the angle between the plates and is perpendicular to the line of the
weld so that heat is distributed uniformly to both weld areas.
 When undercut occurs in the vertical member, the angle should be lowered
and the arc directed toward the vertical member.
Arc manipulation
When weaving is expected, the width of the weave and the pause at the ends
of the weave become important.
 The welder must pause at each end of the weave to allow adequate fill
build-up and fusion to occur.
Document No.
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Issued by: G.M.T
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 The welder should also quickly move across the center of the weld,
because heating is more concentrated in the center than at the edges.
Breaking the arc

Before an arc is broken, it is important to know whether it will be re-
established with the next electrode and the weld continued or whether it is
the end of a weld pass.
 For continuation of welding the crater should remain and the arc quickly
broken off
 But if it is the end of a weld pass, the arc should not be broken off until
the crater has filled.
Inter-bead cleaning
Proper inter-bead cleaning for de-slagging is essential for the production of
high-quality welds which prevents
1. Slag inclusions,
2. Lack-of-fusion defects
3. Porosity.
Visual inspection before welding

 Check drawings
Document No.
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 Look at weld position and how ti corresponds to the specification.
Watch the vertical direction of travel
 Check welding symbols
 Does procedure align with local codes and the weld specification
Weld material inspection

 Do the materials purchased match the specification for base metal size
and type? Check electrode size, gas selection and grade.
 Check materials for defects. Look for contaminants such as rust, scale,
mill, lamination etc.
 Are materials prepared for correct angles
Assembly inspection
Follow these weld quality testing steps for assembly inspection:
 Check for fit
 Alignment of fixtures and jigs. Check cleanliness (look for spatter from
previous jobs)
 Check quality if tack welds are used. The tack weld must be made with
the same electrode as the main weld (s).
 Check use of pre heat to slow the cooling rate and to minimize
distortion
Equipment inspection
 Check for damage (cables, ground clamps, electrode holder).
 Check arc voltage
 Check amperage meter for range against specification
Visual inspection during welding

 Check electrodes for size, type and storage (low hydrogen electrodes are
kept in a stabilizing oven)
 Watch root pass for susceptibility to cracking
 Inspect each weld pass. Look for undercut and required contour.
Ensure the weld is cleaned properly between each pass.
 Check for craters that need to be filled
 Check weld sequence and size. Gauges are used to check size.
Inspection after welding

 Check weld against code and standards
 Check size with gauges and prints
 Check finish and contour
 Check for cracks against standards
 Look for overlap
 Check undercut
 Determine if spatter is at acceptable levels
Root pass
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
62 / 68 No.
Simply refers to the 1st pass in any weld process, which makes the two
members being welded, one structure. Subsequent passes increase the weld
depth to the desired thickness, yielding the necessary strength.
Hot pass
Is a term used in stove-pipe welding, when the bead is complete it is given a
quick clean up with a grinder then the hot pass follows, it burns out the slag
that is trapped at the junction between the bead and the pipe wall, the slag is
often called wagon tracks.
Fill pass
Also referred to as a fill pass, it is the amount of weld bead necessary to fill
the weld joint. This pass comes after the root pass and before the cap pass. It
allows for good penetration and tie-in in the completed weld.
Capping pass
The last bead of a groove weld, it can be made with a weave motion back and
forth, or with stringer beads tied into each other.
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
63 / 68 No.
SELF CHECK 1.2.1
JOINT PREPARATION
Questions.
1. The form of either alternating current or direct current from a welding

power supply.
A. Weld pool
B. Shielding gas
C. Electric current
2. The used of an electric arc between the electrode and the metals.
A. Shielding gas
B. Form to be joined
C. Electric current
3. The workpiece and the electrode melts forming a pool of molten metal that
cools to form a joint.
A. Weld pool
B. Layer of slag
C. Electric current
4. As the weld is laid, the flux coating of the electrode disintegrates, giving off
vapors that serve as:
A. Shielding gas
B. Weld pool
D. Electric current
5. Which protect the weld area from atmospheric contamination.

A. Layer of slag
B. Weld pool
C. Shielding gas
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
64 / 68 No.
ANSWER KEY 1.2.1
JOINT PREPARATION
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. A
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
65 / 68 No.
TASK SHEET
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST 1.2.1
JOINT PREPARATION
CRITERIA YES NO
The trainee…
1. Specify root penetration not exceeding allowable
tolerances by welding codes/ standards on
 concavity
 convexity
 undercut
 lack of fusion
 burn-through
 cracks
2. Specify weld capping/ final pass not exceeding
allowable tolerances by welding codes/ standards on
 Under-fill
 Porosities
 Undercut
 Cracks
 Cold laps
2. Observe uniformity of bead ripples must be in
accordance with welding standards
3. Deposit Stringer or layered beads in accordance with
welding standards
4. Visually accept finish weldment in accordance with
welding standards for:
 Spatters
 Arc strikes
 Slag
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
66 / 68 No.
JOB SHEET
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST 1.2
JOINT PREPARATION
CRITERIA YES NO
Did you…
1. Perform root pass
2. Clean root pass
3. Weld subsequent/ filling passes
4. Perform capping
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
67 / 68 No.
REFERENCE / FURTHER READING
Web Pages
1. www.tesda.gov.ph
2. www.youtube.com/Smaw
3. www.barwillunitor.com/maritime welding handbook
4. www.miller .com
5. www.eastgate.com
6. www.agedlearning.com
7. www.lincolnelectric.com/products/litrequest
8. www.aws.org/technical/facts/Z49.1-2005-all.pdf
9. https://www.kobelco-welding.jp/education-center/references/
references03.html
10. http://www.flight-mechanic.com/arc-welding-procedures-techniques-
and-welding-safety-equipment
Published Books
1. Cary, Howard B. and Scott C. Helzer (2005). Modern Welding Technology. Upper Saddle River,
New Jersey: Pearson Education. ISBN 0-13-113029-3.
2. Jeffus, Larry (1999). Welding: Principles and Applications. Albany: Thomson Delmar. ISBN 0-
8273-8240-5 .
3. Lincoln Electric (1994). The Procedure Handbook of Arc Welding. Cleveland: Lincoln
Electric. ISBN 99949-25-82-2 .
4. Weman, Klas (2003). Welding processes handbook. New York: CRC Press LLC. ISBN 0-8493-
1773-8 .
Document No.
MEE721306
Issued by: G.M.T
Pipes Using SMAW
68 / 68 No.

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COMPETENCY - BASED LEARNING MATERIALS

UNIVERSITY OF PERFETUAL HELP SYSTEM DALTA - CALAMBA CAMPUS

In this module you are required to go through a series of learning

Read information sheets and complete the self-check. Suggested references

 Most probably, your trainer will also your supervisor or manage. He is

 You will be given plenty of opportunities to ask questions and practice on

QUALIFICATION: Shielded Metal Arc Welding NCII

MODULE DESCRIPTION: This module covers the knowledge, skills and

This module covers the knowledge, skills and

NOMINAL DURATION: 194 Hrs.

LEARNING OUTCOME 1 Explain the essentials of welding

LEARNING OUTCOME 1: Explain the essentials of welding

Learning Activities Special Instructions

2. Answer Self-Check 1.1.1 Compare your answers to

4. Answer Self-Check 1.1.2 Compare your answers to

6. Answer Self-Check 1.1.3 Compare your answers to

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers is an American professional

American Welding Society (AWS) Standards. The American Welding Society

STANDARD N0. DESCRIPTION

American Petroleum Institute (API) has been the leader in developing

STANDARD N0. DESCRIPTION

Australian / New Zealand (AS/NZS) Standards. Standards Australia is the

STANDARD N0. DESCRIPTION

STANDARD N0. DESCRIPTION

British Standard BSI welding standards cover specifications, procedures and

STANDARD N0. DESCRIPTION

International Organization for Standardization (ISO) to promote by all

STANDARD N0. DESCRIPTION

European Federation for Welding, Joining and Cutting (EWF) is an

STANDARD N0. DESCRIPTION

Deutsches Institut Fur Normung (DIN), the German national organization

STANDARD N0. DESCRIPTION

ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA FOR COMPLETED WELDS

 Weld reinforcement greater than the amounts specified in the weld

FILLET WELD PROFILES & SLIP ON /

EQUAL LEG FILLET WELD

SLIP-ON & SOCKET WELDED FLANGES

Thickness of Base Material Thickness of Reinforcement or

Welding defects can be defined as weld surface irregularities, discontinuities,

MARK/LOCATE WELD DEFECTS

Possible Causes Corrective Actions

Possible Causes Corrective Actions

Possible Causes Corrective Actions

Possible Causes Corrective Actions

Possible Causes Corrective Actions

Possible Causes Corrective Actions

Possible Causes Corrective Actions

A welded construction applies, quality prescriptions concerning design

This information is documented Section IX of the ASME Boiler and Pressure

Welding Procedure Specification

Welding Procedure Qualification Record

Welder Performance Qualification

Joint Details / Joint Design Used / Sketch :

Weld size Filler dia.

Joint Details / Joint Design Used / Sketch :

Weld size Filler dia. Current

Marking table Marking subtracted

Multiple Choice - Directions: Choose the letter of the correct

1. Undercuts shall not exceed

4. Small cavities or holes resulting from gas pocket in weld Metal

6. Shallow fusion between weld Metal and base metal

7. Weld metal melting completely through base metal resulting in holes

8. Contraction of weld metal during welding that Forces base metal to

Trainee’s Name: __________________ Date:

Trainee’s Name: __________________ Date: