BAUHAUS SCHOOL

ABSTRACT MOVEMENT
IN GERMANY

1933 - 1919
BAUHAUS SCHOOL
• The Bauhaus aims at finding simple forms for all that is needed by
creating a link and close relationship between fine arts, architecture
and various industrial crafts.
• Aimed at making the architecture appear as the image for which it
was created, making (Form follows function) the motto of the
Bauhaus.
• The pioneer of the Pauhus Walter Gropius called for simplicity and
functionality and a complete departure from the decoration in the
design process except for machine-inspired decoration.
 STAGES OF THE PAUHAUS
SCHOOL

1923 - 1919 1925 - 1923 1928 - 1925

 AREAS OF EDUCATION IN THE
BAUHAUS
• The various fields of workshops, some of which are
related to binding, printing, packaging and other
workshops with textile works followed by stained glass
and ceramic works workshops.
• Artistic and technical design methods
• The operational aspects of creative production and
training of the new generation on the unity of operation
and creativity
 FURNITURE IN THE BAUHAUS
• In the area of furniture design, the Bauhaus was interested in calling
for the creation of new forms and designs together with the learning
of modern technologies
• Stepping away from all decorative and traditional designs
• Attention to functional and economic aspects and the preservation of
UNITY in furniture design
• The harmony between furniture and the modern house and its
suitability for the narrow spaces of the modern residential buildings
and ease of care for the furniture
• Design of lightweight multi-functional furniture
 ARCHITECTURE IN BAUHAUS
• A department of architecture was established in 1920 under the
leadership of Adolf Mayer but was soon closed down
• Gropius has been interested in the preparation of lectures in 3D
sciences since 1922
• There has been increasing demand for the construction of new
types of buildings in line with the social and economic needs that
have become necessary
• The (Form follows function) rule became one of the most
important rituals of the design concept in the Bauhaus
• The use of raw materials according to their properties and
maintaining their natural appearance.
 WALTER
GROPIUS
- 1883 (
)1969
LUDWIG MIES
• HANNES MEYER)1954 - 1889 ( VAN DER
ROHE (
JOHANN
ES ITTEN
• GERTRUD GRUNOW )1969-1886

BAUHAUS
• MART STAM)1969-1899 ( MARCEL
PIONEERS PAUL
BREUER KLEE (
• LE CORBUSIER )1965-1887 ( -1902( - 1879
• EERO SAARINEN )1961-1910( )1981 )1940
• CHARLES RAY EAMES )1978-1907 (
MOHOLY KANDINSKY
NAGY ( WASSILY (
- 1895 - 1866
)1946 )1944
WALTER GROPIOUS
1969 - 1883
WALTER GROPIOUS
1969 - 1883
WALTER GROPIOUS
1969 - 1883
• Gropius was born in May 1883
• He studied architecture at the Institute of Technology in Berlin and worked
as an assistant in Peter Behrens' office
• He became famous after the design of the Vagos factory with his partner
Adolf Meyer, which for the first time was on the curtain walls as an
important feature of modern architecture
• In 1922 Gropius founded a limited company to market the products of the
Bauhaus, which was the turning point towards modern industrial design
• He resigned in 1928 from the presidency of the Bauhaus, Vector to Berlin
again and working in architecture.
• Gropius' artistic style was associated with German art tradition and his
style, which made him different in style from Frank Lored Wright and Le
Corbusier, for his great effort to unify the form between photography,
sculpture and architecture
MARCEL BREUER
1902 -1981
MARCEL BREUER
1902 -1981
MARCEL BREUER
1902 -1981
MARCEL BREUER
1902 -1981
MARCEL BREUER
1902 -1981
 MARCEL BREUER
• He enrolled as a student in the Bauhaus from 1920-1981 and then
became head of the department of carpentry and furniture, and
his early designs were a witness to a great influence by the
expressive school.
• He managed to produce furniture that combines the ability to
manufacture with machinery, the artistic aesthetics and the
audience-appreciated beauty of the design and standard ratios
• He designed a range of curved wood furniture and polished metal
structures.
• He’d come up with the idea of a Wassily Chair.
• He became a professor of architecture at Harvard University in
1937
 HIS MOST IMPORTANT PRINCIPLES

• Design of steel pipe frame seats

• His ideas were inspired by the shape of the bike he used to ride
as he observed its metallic and very smooth bendings
• In 1922 he began to design and implement a typical kitchen with
modular units
• He has carried out several experiments to manufacture and
produce aluminum and plywood furniture, benefiting from
aluminum properties such as lightness, durability and flexibility.
• England has designed a range of curved wood furniture
 HIS MOST IMPORTANT PRINCIPLES
• "These curved lines are not only a symbol of modern technological
progress but are the technology itself," Brower said of his metal seats.
• "Brewer's furniture design is based on an accurate first-line
identification of the product, a deep sense of the product, an accurate
analysis of the required functions, and all of this is done in an excellent
architecture without returning to the traditional forms,” said Hitchcock
on Brower’s metal seats.
• The importance of metal furniture (invented by Brewer) emerged after
he produced the Vasily seat that he designed and produced to meet the
public's desire.
• This seat is one of the most popular tubular seats that combine the
rubber fabric and the flexible metal structure to provide a comfortable,
modern, transparent and slim seat.
MARCEL BREUER
1902 -1981
MARCEL BREUER
MARCEL BREUER
1902 -1981