777INVESTIGATORY PROJECT-FORMAT

Front Page / Cover Page

Certificate

Acknowledgement

• This is typically the third page that acknowledges individuals

that have played a direct or indirect role in completing your
project work.
• You should put your full signature at the end of this page.

Table of Contents

• This is the fourth page containing all the major headings and
subheadings of your project.
• It should contain the respective page numbers also.

Objective / Aim of the project

• This page expresses the aim of the project as clearly as

possible.
• If the investigatory project aims to achieve more than one
objective, then all those objectives are mentioned in this page.

Introduction / Theory

• This should give a general idea of the project that you have
worked on and should introduce the reader to your project.
• You should also mention all the necessary concepts that are
associated with your project.
• Take help of your guide teacher in case of any help.
Materials required.

• In this page all the materials or apparatus used are mentioned.

• You should write this in the form of a simple list.

Procedure

• In a simple manner, write the steps that you have followed

during your experiment.
• You may include a diagram or photo of the experimental setup.

Observation / Result

• Once the experiment is performed you should record your

observations.
• You can represent your observations in the form of a table or
chart or text or picture or a combination of these.

Analysis and interpretation

• Based on the observations, analyse your data.

• You should write whether the hypothesis, if any, is true or false.

Discussion:

• It is not essential to make a discussion page.

• If you want to mention any implication of your results and
suggest any extensions of any kind that can be undertaken, you
can do so here.

Limitation:

• Mention if there are any limitations of the project or the

experiments that you have performed.
• It is not essential to include.

Precaution
 • Mention all the precautions that should be followed during the
experiment.

Conclusion:

• Based on the results obtained and related work done, write the
conclusion briefly.
• You may also write whether the objectives of your project have
been met or not.

Bibliography / References

• This should be the last page of your project write up.

• Here you should mention all the resources that you have used
in terms of articles/books while working on the project.
• If you are giving reference to a book, it must contain the name
of the author, publisher, year of publication.
• If you are giving reference to an article, it must contain the web
address (URL) and the date when you had accessed the
website.

How to write the project report in case of a theory based

investigatory project?
When you are working on only a theory based investigatory project,
for example, ‘stages of human foetal development’, which does not
have any experimental component, the project report should be
slightly different than the above-mentioned format.

In such cases material required, procedure, observation, results,

analysis, discussion, limitation, precautions will not be part of the
project report.

After the Introduction heading, there should be an elaborate

representation of the theory.
The theory should be divided into various topics and subtopics. It can
include diagrams/infographics related to the topic.

Once the theory is completed, the project report should wrap up

with the conclusion and bibliography page.

LIST OF TOPICS FOR BIOLOGY INVESTIGATORY PROJECT To Be Given

By BIOLOGY TEACHERS For Submission For CLASS: XII
BIOLOGY PRACTICAL EXAM 2023-24
1. Pollination adaptations.
2. Seed dispersal mechanisms and significance of dispersal.
3. Outbreeding Devices in flowering plants and its Significance.
4. Poly Cystic Ovarian Disorder (PCOD) Syndrome.
5. Reproductive health/ Sexually Transmitted Diseases.
6. Deviations from Mendelian Genetics
7. Genetic Disorders
Following is the list of Genetic Disorders which can be taken as
Subtopics.
A. Mendelian disorders
B. Chromosomal disorders
C. Cystic fibrosis
D. Colourblindness
E. Haemophilia
F. Sickle cell anaemia
G. Thalassemia
H. Congenital defects- Causes and Possible remedies
8. Operon concept
9. Human Genome Project
10. DNA Fingerprinting and its applications
11. Evolution
12. Malaria: Treatment and prevention
13. Cancer (can take specific Cancer)
14. AIDS
15. Covid 19
16. Immunity
17. Allergies
18. Auto- immune diseases (Rheumatoid Arthritis)
19. Drugs and their significance
20. Drugs and their abuse
21. Alcohol abuse
22. Microbes in human welfare
23. Tools of Biotechnology
24. Antibiotic resistance
25. Global warming: How is it related to the outburst of new viral
infections such as SARS, MERS, Ebola etc.
26. Applications of Biotechnology
27. Gene Editing and its applications
28. CRISPR Cas 9
29. RNA interference
30. Gene therapy
31. Transgenic animals
32. Medicinal drugs that are banned across the world
33. Ethical issues in DNA Fingerprinting and Biotechnology
34. Responses of living organisms to abiotic factors in the
environment.
35. Adaptations in living organisms
36. Population interactions
37. Ecological Successions- their significance in evolution
38. Ecosystem Services: How much do we care?
39. Biodiversity and conservation practices in Indian culture
40. Habitat Destruction and Biodiversity loss
41. Biodiversity and in situ and ex situ conservation
42. Pollution control: How did it happen during Covid 19?
43. Biomagnification
44. Bioinformatics
45. RNA interference: How is it useful in developing vaccines?
46. Medicinal plants in our surroundings
47. Soil less culture techniques and their applications

UN themes that can be taken as topics for investigatory projects:

62. Beat the plastic pollution
63. Greening the blue
64. Sustainable development: post covid
65. Only One Earth: “Living Sustainably in Harmony with Nature”.
66.Ecosystem Restoration
67. Biodiversity #TimeForNature
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