COLEGIO DE MONTALBAN

Institute of Business
Science Technology and Society
Quiz no.

Quiz no. 4
1. What is Gene Therapy?
 Gene therapy involves altering the genes inside your body's cells in an
effort to treat or stop disease. Genes contain your DNA — the code that controls
much of your body's form and function, from making you grow taller to regulating your
body systems.

2. Where did the first approved gene therapy happened and when.
 1990s. The first approved gene therapy clinical research in the US took place on 14
September 1990, at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), under the direction of William
French Anderson.

3. What are the two types of gene therapy?

4. What are the two types of Somatic cell gene therapy?

 As shown schematically in Figure 17.4, two types of somatic cell gene therapy are
possible—ex vivo and in vivo. In the ex vivo form, the normal gene is introduced to cells
removed from the patient.

5. Define Vectors in gene therapy

 A gene that is inserted directly into a cell usually does not function. Instead, a carrier
called a vector is genetically engineered to deliver the gene. Certain viruses are often used
as vectors because they can deliver the new gene by infecting the cell.

6. What are the 2 classes of Vectors

 The two major classes of methods are those that use recombinant viruses (sometimes
called biological nanoparticles or viral vectors) and those that use naked DNA or DNA
complexes (non-viral methods).

7. Characteristics of ideal Vector.

 it must be small in size

 It must be self-replicating inside host cell
 It must possess restriction site for Restriction Endonuclease enzymes
 Introduction of donor DNA fragment must not interfere with replication
property of the vector
 It must possess some marker gene such that it can be used for later
identification of recombinant cell
 it must possess multiple cloning site

8. Define Nanoscience
 Nanoscience and nanotechnology are the study and application of extremely small
things and can be used across all the other science fields, such as chemistry, biology, physics,
materials science, and engineering.

9. Define Nanotechnology
 Nanotechnology is the term given to those areas of science and engineering where
phenomena that take place at dimensions in the nanometre scale are utilised in the
design, characterisation, production and application of materials, structures, devices and
systems.

10. What is a MOSFET?

 MOSFET, in short, is a metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor used to
switch or amplify voltages in circuits. Being part of the field-effect transistor family, it is a
current-controlled device that is constructed with 3 terminals; Source. Gain.

11. Define is a nanometer

 (NA-noh-MEE-ter) A measure of length in the metric system. A nanometer is one
billionth of a meter. An average human hair is about 60,000 nanometers thick. Nanometers are
used to measure wavelengths of light and distances between atoms in molecules.

12. Give atleast 3 types of microscope used in nanoscience

 Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM)

 Transmission Electron Microscopes (TEM)
 Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopes (STEM)