*

Marking Scheme

This document was prepared for markers’ reference. It should not be regarded as a set of
model answers, Candidates and teachers who were not involved in the marking process are
advised to interpret its contents with care.

General Marking Instruction

1. It is very important that all markers should adhere as closely as possible to the marking
scheme. In many cases, however, candidates may have obtained a correct answer by an
alternative method not specified in the marking scheme. In general, a correct answer merits
the answer mark allocated to that part, unless a particular method has been specified in the
question.

In the marking scheme, alternative answers and marking guidelines are in rectangles .

2. In the marking scheme, answer marks or ‘A’ marks are awarded for a correct numerical
answer with a unit. If the answer should be in km, then cm and m are considered to be
wrong units.

3. In a question consisting of several parts each depending on the previous parts, method marks
or ‘M’ marks are awarded to steps/methods or substitutions correctly deduced from previous
answers. ft

4. The following symbol is used:

/ A single slash indicates an acceptable alternative within an answer.

5. In cases where a candidate answers more questions than required, the answers to all questions
should be marked. However, the excess answers) receiving the lowest score(s) will be
disregarded in the calculation of the final mark.

53
 Paper 1 Section A

Key Question No. Key

Question No.

B (54) 26. C (42)

1.
B (49) 27. C (59)
2.
C (53) 28. C (42)
3.
D (48) 29. D (42)
4.
A (44) 30. B (40)
5.

D (56) 31. A (43)

6.
A (25) 32. C (46)
7.
D(41) 33. B (49)
8.
D (64) 34. A (76)
9.
0(61) 35. B (56)
10.

B (48) 36. B (63)

11.
12. A (52)
13. 0(35)
14. A (82)
15. B (66)

16. B (71)
17. A (63)
18. D (52)
19. C (53)
20. C (64)

21. A (56)
22. C (40)
23. A (46)
24. D (53)
25. C (58)

Note: Figures in brackets indicate the percentages ofcandidates choosing the correct answers.

54

AT fi
 Paper 1 Section B

Marks

I. (a) (1.5 x 1000 kg) x 4200 J kg-1 °C x (80 - 60) °C X (1-15%) 1M+1M
= 1.07 x108J 1A 3 1

(b) 1.07 x 10s J 4- (4.5 kW) 4-3600 s IM

= 6.61 (hours) 1A 2

(c) Rate of heat transfer drops as the water temperature drops / the room temperature increases / 1A 1
temperature difference drops.

2. (a) Stop heating and 1A

stir the waler well. 1A 2

(b) (0 £-64 65-20 IM

80-64 92-20
£-64 = 10
1A 2
£ = 74 mm

(ii) Let x °C be the absolute zero.

20-x 64-0
92 - 20 ” 80 - 64 IM
20-x = 288
1A 2
x = -268 °C

3. (a) (i) P = Fv IM
= 8000 N x 2 m s"1
= 16 kW 1A 2

(ii) ■Ploss = 20 kW- 16 kW = 4 kW 1A 1

(b) (i) P = 4 kW + (8000 -7000 N) x 2 m s'1 IM
= 6000 W = 6 kW 1A 2

(ii) Output power required from motor is smaller. 1A

Or Force exerted by motor is smaller. 1
(iii) No, the lift system could not work / the lift will fall 1A
as slipping would occur / the cable cannot be fixed on the drum / the drum cannot exert a 1A
force on the cable. 2

4. (a) (i) F=qvB = (1.60x10r”C)(1.2x 107 m s“')(0.01 T) IM

= 1.92x10‘14N 1A 2

(ii)
electron • >4^ B
iX X X X
|x X X X X * X Xi
•X X X X X xj
!x X X X Xxx x^x1
|x X X x x xV uniform magnetic field
•X x( X X X X X pointing into the paper
i'x X X X X X >
1A 1
D C

55
 Marks

4. (b) F is perpendicular to the electron’s displacement / velocity, 1A

Or electron only changes direction while speed remains unchanged,
no work is done, therefore k.e. remains unchanged. 1A 2

(c) mv2
F = qvB =
r
IM
v qB
— = -£— = constant
r m
1A 2
v should be halved, i.e. 0.6 x 107 m s'

5. Stick the paper strip onto the horizontal part BC of the track. 1A
Release the toy from a certain height h from the bench surface and measure the corresponding stopping
distance d. 1A
Stopping distance should be measured from the beginning of the horizontal part BC or on the paper strip.
Release the toy from different heights and measure the corresponding stopping distances. 1A

Plot a graph of d against /z, 1A

a straight line passing through the origin should be obtained,
1A
or ---------------------------------------
since mgh = Fd
d , , ,
so — = constant / a cc h 5
h

6. (a) (i) Accelerates at g before the elastic cord stretches I at the beginning. 1A
Acceleration decreases as the cord stretches. 1A
* Decelerates until momentarily at rest 1A
(after the tension in the cord is greater than mg). 3

(ii) Gravitational potential energy changed to kinetic energy and 1A

(then) elastic potential energy in elastic cord. 1A 2

(b) Elastic cord lengthens the stopping time, 1A

hence reduces the (net) force acting on the player. 1A 2

(c) Contact area is larger, 1A

hence pressure is smaller during the fall and the structure is less likely to break / detach. 1A 2

56

11 Minn in
 Marks

7. (a) => 3 x lO'ms’1 =/(0.02m) IM

/= 1.5 x 1010 Hz or 15000 MHz 1A 2

(b) (i) Path difference of the diffracted waves from slits A and B to probe varies along AT. 1A
Constructive and destructive interference occur alternately to give maxima and minima. 1A 2

(ii) BP - AP = 1 ’/22 IM
BP - AP = 3 cm = 0.03 m
/. BP = 1.24 +0.03 = 1.27 m 1A 2

(iii) Path difference along XY < AB IM

AB = 3 x 2 cm = 32
/. path difference allowed = 02, 12, 22. ,
Maximum number of maxima = 3 1A 2

(c) Radio waves with lower frequencies (will have longer wavelengths and hence) have greater 1A
diffraction effect.
Radio waves by-pass small obstacles / not to be reflected from small obstacles. 1A 2

8. (a) (i) Virtual 1A 1

(ii) Convex. 1A
Only convex lens can form magnified (virtual, erect) images. 1A 2
A' L
(b) (i)
•5 cm-

£ i.i..

■i • ■ -r

!•

X Y 1A 1
n b'
;
Correct position of O
n.
:::
3442 X; • I-

r
••
•• Et /EEL-: '4444■ • . y • .J. • • j • • • • • •
i..i
:: ±i::. i: :i:x: :.i

(ii) Correct light ray to locate F. IM

Focal length/= 17 cm (16.0 to 17.5 cm) 1A 2

(c) Correct ray from A'or lens to E. 1A

All correct. 1A 2

Magnifying glass / glasses for long-sighted eyes / simple microscope 1A 1

(d)

57
 Marks

9. (a)
k =--------- —------- - = 3.83 x 10",2(s-’) 1A
5730x3.16xl07

Activity A - kN
KT 0.2 IM
N =—=
k 3.83xl0'12
= 5.22 x io 10 1A 3

(b) No. of ,4C nuclei: No = 1 xio23 x(1.3 x 10'l2)= 1.3 x io" 1A 1

(c) *z = ln^-
N
, , 1.3x10"
(3.83xl0-12 ) t = In---------- - IM
5.2x10 0

r = 2.4 x IO11 s or 7571 (years) (accept 7500 to 7600 (years)) 1A 2

10. (a) (i) 80 Q I ■ 1A 1

Thermistor resistance
300

I
250 •

200

i
<2
iso :

i 100

so

Part (c^
^art (a)
(ii) - 120 12 0
kab = 0 10 20 30 40 SO
IM
(80 + 120)
Temper«iure/*C
= 7.2 V 1A
2
(b) As Rv and 120 Q resistor are in parallel, Rcq across AB is smaller than 120 Q, 1A
therefore voltage shared across AB is reduced / smaller than expected. 1A

Use a voltmeter with resistance much larger than the resistance in that part of the circuit, 1A
(e.g. 10 MQ in some digital voltmeter) 3

(c) (i)
^AB =———x 12 = 6.0 V
(/? + 120)
R= 120 Q 1A

1A 2
corresponds to temperature at 16°C.

58
 Marks
10. (c) (ii) Correct circuit (i.e. interchange thermistor R and
120 Q resistor). 1 1A
As the temperature drops, the thermistor resistance 120 0
increases. 12 V
—o 1A
When the resistance increases to a value such that A"-----
Pab = 6.0 V or above, the electronic switch is on To
and it turns on the heating device. LP
// R
electronic
switch 1A 3

U— ■o

11. B
(a) 'T 0
T cos — — Fy =
2 IM
0
T sin — = F = g2
2 4n £0 d2
IM
e
tan — =
Q2 I
2
~ . (—) I T
2 4n £0 d mg
(3.1 x IQ-~9)) 2 „ 1
= 9x10•9x
0.12 (l.Ox 10"5)(9.81) > Fx
10 cm
0
-=5.0° i.e. 0 = 10.1° 1A 3
2
Fy
(b) (■')
=10 cm /

10 cm \ / 10 cm

'.P
1A 1
E

(n) Potential at P g +_e_ = _2£_

4n £q d 4n £0 d 4h£q d IM

2x3.1xlQ~9
= (9xl09)
0.1

= 558 V 1A 2
(iii) Separation d decreases.
1A 1

59
Paper 2

Section A : Astronomy and Space Science

1. B(78%) 2. D(43%) 3. A(44%) 4. 0(33%)

5. A(43%) 6. B(56%) 7. C(61%) 8. C(46%)

Marks

1. (a) Satellites will be directly above a certain location on the equator of the Earth,
with period = 24 hrs same as that of the Earth, 1A
thus enables easy transmitting / receiving signals from the Earth / no altering of aerial for
1A 2
tracking the satellite is required.

(b) mv2 GMm

IM
r

GM 4.0 xlQ14
v=
r (6.4xl06 + 0.3x 106)

1A 2
7727 m s’

(c) 1 2 .—GMm
(i) Total energy = — mv + (--------- ) IM
r
GMm -GMm. -GMm . mv2 GMm mv2 GMm
i.e. )
~ 2r + (---------
r
)=
2r
(------=
r 2r IM 2

(ii)
-GMm 1 1 IM
&E = (2----- L) = 1(4.0 x1014)(2000)(- )xl0"3
2 rB rA 2 6700 42400
1A 2
= 5.03 x 10 10 J

4 n2 a,3
(iii) Kepler’s third law for elliptical orbit T2 =
GM

a = ?A + rB]^2
6.7 x 106 +42.4 xlO6
=---------------------------- m IM
2
= 2.455 x 107m
,3 (2.455 xlQ7)3
T 1 4 k2 a 2k
Time from A to B = — ------- =7t
2 2 GM 2 GM 4.0xl014
= 19107 s = 318.5 min/5.3 hrs IA 2

{Or: T2^a3
T -2
,7\ f (6700 + 42400)-r 2 3
'24z 42400
T- 10.6 hrs => t = 5.3 hrs}

60
 I

Section B : Atomic World

1. D(50%) 2. C(42%) 3. C(49%) 4. D(44%)

5. A(64%) 6. B(73%) 7. B(22%) 8. A(44%)
i

Marks

2. (a) (0 E - hf - work function + KEmlx 1A 1

= 2.30 eV + 0.81 eV = 3.11 (eV)

(ii) Only those conduction / free electrons at the surface can have the maximum kinetic energy. 1A
Or The work function of a metal is only the minimum energy required to eject an electron.
Or The conduction / free electrons in metal have different energies.
Or Less energetic electrons are tightly bound to the nuclei and require more energy to break
free of its attraction to the nuclei.
Or Some electrons are not at the surface of metal so don’t have maximum kinetic energy. 1

(b) (i) Energy absorbed by an atom = work function

(0.01 Wm'2)x [0.01 x (io*9)2 m2] x zs = 2.30 x (].60 xIO-”) J IM
t = 3680 s = 61.3 min. 1A 2

(») If a single photon has sufficient energy to knock out an electron, the electron gains enough 1A
energy in just one collision.
Or It is a one-to-one process / an electron can be ejected instantaneously if it accepts a photon of 1
energy larger than the work function of the metal.

(c) (0.01 W m"2) x (4.00x1 O’4 m2) - [3.11 x (1.60 x I O'”) J]

= 8.04 x 1 o*2 (photons per second) 1A

(8.04 x 1012) x 0.1 x (1.60 x 10-19 ) A IM

= 1.29 x 10"7 A = 0.13 pA 1A 3

(d) / (arbitrary unit)

I
2A

/ ✓

2
-2.00 0 2.00 4.00 V/V

61
Section C : Energy and Use of Energy

1. A(55%) 2. B(75%) 3. C(78%) 4. D(56%)

5. B(59%) 6. D(30%) 7. A(71%) 8. C(55%)

Marks

1 cos3 (tan-'(yj))]
3. (a) 2000 [ IM
4n(3.4)2
= 11.5 (Im tn'2) 1A 2

(b) Rough surface should be used such that 1A

reflection becomes diffuse to reduce glare. 1A 2

(c) (i) 14.5 kW + 15x0.1 kW+ 6x0.08 kW IM

= 16.48 (kW) (accept 16.48 kW or 16.5 kW) 1A 2

(ii) (6 x 0.1 kW + 16.48 kW x 50%) IM

x 8 x 20 x 1.0 IM
= $ 1414.4 (accepts 1414.4 or $1416) 1A 3

(iii) Windows with low-e coating. 1A

Or Thicker walls.
Or Replace light bulb by fluorescent lamp.
Or Replace air-conditioner with higher cooling capacity / COP. i

62

ivinri
 Section D : Medical Physics

1. A(47%) 2. C(59%) 3. C(38%) 4. A(41%)

5. D(37%) 6. B(36%) 7. B(53%) 8. D(77%)

Marks

4. (a) (i) 2.25 cm 1A 1

In 2 -/a
(ii) (or O.5Zo = Ioe '*)
‘
Xy~ IM >

0.0225 = —
A
//= 30.8 m"1 (accept 30.8 m"1 and 31.0 m-1) 1A 2

(iii) Medium Q: lower density 1A 1

(b) (i) Intensity of X-rays is attenuated / absorbed when they pass through a medium. 1A
The attenuation / absorption in bone is greater than that in soft tissue. Therefore the film
appears lighter under bone / darker under soft tissue. 1A 2

(ii) The X-ray tube and detectors rotate round the patient to take multiple X-ray projections / 1A
images.
The projections are used to reconstruct /compute / make back projection /combine to form 1A
tomographs which contain more information of the body. 2

t
(iii) - radiation exposure or dosage is much higher for CT scan (8.0 mSv Vs 0.01 mSv for X-ray 1A
imaging)
- not as mobile or easily accessible as X-ray imaging 1A 2

63