HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

Human development involves studies of the human condition with its

core being the capability approach. The inequality adjusted Human
Development Index is used as a way of measuring actual progress in
human development by the United Nations.
 PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT

Prenatal development includes the development of the embryo and of the

fetus during a viviparous animal's gestation. Prenatal development starts
with fertilization, in the germinal stage of embryonic development, and
continues in fetal development until birth.

There are three stages of prenatal development: the germinal,

embryonic, and fetal stages. The first two weeks after conception are
known as the germinal stage, the third through the eighth week is
known as the embryonic period, and the time from the ninth week until
birth is known as the fetal period.

Important fetal development milestones at each stage of prenatal

development include:
Germinal stage: The division of cells and implantation of the
blastocyst.
Embryonic stage: The development of the neural tube and
organs.
Fetal stage: Continued growth of organs and physical
development in preparation for
PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT EXAMPLE:
INFANCY AND TODDLERHOOD

What is the infancy and toddlerhood stage of human

development?
As infants and toddlers grow, their determination to master
movement, balance, and fine- and gross-motor skills remains
strong. Rolling and crawling occur as infants develop skill in
using their large-muscle groups. Grasping and picking up
objects with fingers are part of small-muscle growth.

INFANCY AND TODDLERHOOD MONTH:

Infant – (0 to 12 months)
Toddler - (12 to 36 months)

INFANCY AND TODDLERHOOD EXAMPLE:

EARLY CHILDHOOD

What Is Early Childhood?

Early childhood is a stage in human development following infancy
and preceding middle childhood. It generally includes toddlerhood
and sometime afterward. Play age is an unspecific designation
approximately within the scope of early childhood.
AGE: 3 – 5 YEARS OLD

EARLY CHILDHOOD CHARACTERISTIC:

Children reach milestones in how they play, learn, speak, behave, and
move (like crawling, walking, or jumping). As children grow into early
childhood, their world will begin to open up. They will become more
independent and begin to focus more on adults and children outside of
the family.

EARLY CHILDHOOD EXAMPLE:

MIDDLE AND LATE CHILDHOOD

WHAT IS MIDDLE AND LATE CHILDHOOD?

Middle and late childhood refer to the developmental stages that follow early
childhood and typically span from around 6 to 12 years old. These stages are
characterized by significant growth and development in various areas, including
physical, cognitive, social, and emotional domains. In terms of physical
development, children in middle and late childhood continue to grow in height and
weight, with more refined motor skills and increased coordination. They also
become more independent in self-care activities and engage in organized sports
and physical activities.

AGE: 6-12 YEARS OLD

MIDDLE AND LATE CHILDHOOD

CHARACTERISTICS:
According to Erikson, children in middle and late childhood are
very busy or industrious. They are constantly doing, planning,
playing, getting together with friends, and achieving. This is a
very active time, and a time when they are gaining a sense of
how they measure up when compared with peers.
MIDDLE AND LATE CHILDHOOD EXAMPLE:
 ADOLESECENCE

WHAT IS ADOLESECENCE?
Adolescence is a transitional stage of physical and psychological
development that generally occurs during the period from puberty to
adulthood. Adolescence is usually associated with the teenage years, but
its physical, psychological or cultural expressions may begin earlier or
end later
AGE: 13 – 18 YEARS OLD

ADOLESENCE CHARACTERISTIC?
There are several characteristics of adolescence.
Five characteristics are: rapid growth both physically and mentally,
sexual attraction, cognitive development, interests in new hobbies and
self-discovery, and importance of acceptance by peer groups.

ADOLESENCE EXAMPLE:
 EARLY ADULTHOOD

WHAT IS EARLY ADULTHOOD?

Early adulthood is a period of rapid personal development
when individuals experience major life transitions (e.g.
leaving the parental home, leaving education, beginning
employment, cohabitation and parenthood).
AGE: 19 – 29 Years Old

EARLY ADULTHOOD CHARACTERISTIC:

This life stage called early adulthood defines individuals
between the ages of 19 and 29, who are typically vibrant,
active and healthy, and are focused on friendships, romance,
child bearing and careers. Yet serious conditions, such as
violent events, depression and eating disorders, can
negatively impact young adults.
EARLY ADULTHOOD EXAMPLE:
MIDDLE ADULTHOOD

WHAT IS MIDDLE ADULTHOOD?

Middle adulthood is a transitional phase in life. It ranges from
ages 40 to 65, and it is characterized by a sense of freedom and
autonomy as well as self-reflection. Middle adulthood can be
difficult for people who are not sure about what they want to do
with their lives.
AGE: 30 – 60 Years Old

MIDDLE ADULTHOOD CHARACTERISTIC:

Middle adulthood is a transitional phase in life. It ranges from ages
30 to 60, and it is characterized by a sense of freedom and autonomy
as well as self-reflection. Middle adulthood can be difficult for
people who are not sure about what they want to do with their lives.

MIDDLE ADULTHOOD EXAMPLE

 LATE ADULTHOOD

WHAT IS LATE ADULTHOOD?

Late adulthood is the final stage of adulthood that begins at the
age of 61. Intellectual deterioration occurs, such as memory loss.
Physical changes such as a deterioration in the gross and fine
motor skills start to take place and health conditions are more
likely.
AGE: 61 +

LATE ADULTHOOD CHARACTERISTIC:

As individuals age, the likelihood of infections and diseases increases. This can be
because of changes to organs such as the heart and the musculoskeletal system.
Along with this stamina, strength and suppleness starts to decline, alongside
mobility and use of fine motor skills that control coordination and dexterity.

 Stamina, strength and suppleness start to decline

 Mobility becomes more of a challenge
 Difficulties with fine motor skills that control coordination and dexterity
 Skin loses elasticity, resulting in wrinkles
 Hearing loss
 Greying and thinning of hair
 Eyesight deteriorates
 Hair loss.
LATE ADULTHOOD EXAMPLE: