LESSON 05 – NOVEMBER 20, 2023
BANK AND CORPORATIONS
BANK DEFINITON
– A type of financial institution that is authorized to
issue loans, take savings, and checking deposits. In
addition, banks offer related services like currency
exchange, safe deposit boxes, certificates of deposits
(DCs), and individual retirement accounts (IRAs).
– In most countries, banks are regulated by the national
government or central bank.
TYPES OF BANKS
1. RETAIL BANKS
– Commonly known as general or personal banking
institutions, retail banks delas with the general public.
They provide services such as savings accounts, current
accounts, short-term loans, overdraft protection, etc.
2. CORPORATE OR COMMERCIAL BANKS
– Deals with businesses from small business to large
corporate entities. They provide services such as cash
management, commercial real estate, etc.
3. INVESTMENT BANKS
– Majorly focus on corporate clients dealing in complex
services such as mergers and acquisitions or
underwriting.
4. CENTRAL BANKS
– Do not deal with the public or corporations. They are
not market-based. Its primary responsibility is to control
inflation, regulate monetary policy, oversee currency,
stability, etc.
BANK EXAMPLES
1. LANDBANK (Land Bank of the Philippines; LBP)
– A government-owned bank in the Philippines with a
special focus on serving the needs of farmers and
fishermen.
2. BPI (Bank of the Philippine Islands)
– Founded in 1851 is the first bank in the Philippines and
in Southern Asian region.
3. PNB (The Philippine National Bank)
– Established as a government-owned banking
institution in July 22, 1916 with headquarters in the Old
Masonic Temple along Escolta, Manila
4. CHINA BANKING CORPORATION (China Bank)
– A leading private universal bank in the Philippines with
over 100 years of banking experience and history.
5. BDO
– The bank changed its corporate name to “BDO
Unibank, Inc.” from “Banco de Oro Unibank, Inc.”
effective November 4, 2011. However, the bank does
business under any of the following names and styles:
BDO, BDO Unibank, Banco de Oro, Banco de Oro
Unibank, BDO Banco de Oro.
6. RCBC (Rizal Commercial Banking Corporation)
– The financial flagship company of the Yuchengco
Group of Companies (YGC), one of the oldest and largest
conglomerates in the Philippines.
THESE CONSTITUTIONS MAY ALSO GIVE ECONOMIC
ASSISTANCE SUCH AS:
– Capital management
– Foreign exchange
– Safe deposit boxes commonly known as locker
services.
CORPORATION DEFINITON
– Known as a body of people acting as a single entity.
– An organization created by a group of people known
as shareholders, which is legally recognized to act as a
single person in carrying out certain goals and
objectives.
1. PUBLIC CORPORATIONS
– are created by state to perform governmental
functions.
2. PRIVATE CORPORATIONS
– are non-governmental agencies they referred as
privately held companies.
CORPORATIONS EXAMPLES
1. PLDT (Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company)
– A Philippine telecommunications, internet and digital
service company. PLDT is one of the Philippine’s major
telecommunications providers, along with Globe
Telecom and startup Dito Telecommunity.
2. MERALCO
– The largest private sector electric distribution utility
company in the Philippines covering 36 cities and 75
municipalities including Metro Manila.
3. SAN MIGUEL CORPORATION (SMC)
– Philippine multinational conglomerate headquartered
in Mandaluyong, Metro Manila. The company is one of
the most diversified conglomerates in the Philippines.

4. MITSUBISHI MOTORS CORPORATION

– A Japanese multinational automobile manufacturer
headquartered in Minato, Japan. In 2011, Mitsubishi
Motors was the sixth-largest Japanese automaker and
the 19th-largest worldwide production.

5. AYALA CORPORATION
– Is the publicly listed holding company for the
diversified interests of the Ayala Group. Founded in the
Philippines by Domingo Roxas and Antonio de Ayala
during Spanish colonial rule, it is the country’s oldest
and largest conglomerate.