A Strong Partner for Sustainable Development

Module
in
NSTP 101

CIVIC WELFARE TRAINING

SERVICE 1

COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT

Bachelor in Public Administration
1
1 WPU-QSF-ACAD-82A Rev. 00 (09.15.20)1
WPU-QSF-ACAD-82A Rev. 00 (09.15.20)
 Module No. 4

Drugs and Substance Abuse

Prevention and Control

1st Semester AY 2021-2022

ROY B. CABARLES

CHARMAE E. SANTIAGO

MAY AIZA BELLE P. JUNIO

RAYAN DAN M. VENTURILLO

Instructor 1

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 Table of Contents
Instruction to the User................................................................................................. iv
Introduction ..................................................................................................................... v
UNIT 3 ................................................................................................................. ………...1
Lesson 1 .................................................................................................................... 3
Learning Outcomes .................................................................................................. 1
Time Allotment ........................................................................................................ 1
Overview ................................................................................................................... 1
Exercise ................................................................................................................... 6
Lesson 2: .................................................................................................................. 7
Exercise ................................................................................................................. 14
Lesson 3: ................................................................................................................ 15
Exercise ................................................................................................................. 18
Lesson 4: ................................................................................................................ 19
Exercise ................................................................................................................. 21
Lesson 5: ................................................................................................................ 22
Exercise ................................................................................................................. 24
UNIT TEST .................................................................................................................. ...25
References ...................................................................................................................... 27

iv
 INSTRUCTION TO THE USER

This module would provide you an educational experience while

independently accomplishing the task at your own pace or time. It aims as
well to ensure that learning is unhampered by health and other challenges. It
covers the topic about The Nationalism and Patriotism.
Reminders in using this module:

1. Keep this material neat and intact.

2. Answer the pretest first to measure what you know and what to be
learned about the topic discussed in this module.
3. Accomplish the activities and exercises as aids and reinforcement for
better understanding of the lessons.
4. Answer the post-test to evaluate your learning.
5. Do not take pictures in any parts of this module nor post it to social
media platforms.
6. Value this module for your own learning by heartily and honestly
answering and doing the exercises and activities. Time and effort were
spent in the preparation in order that learning will still continue amidst
this Covid-19 pandemic.
7. Observe health protocols: wear mask, sanitize and maintain physical
distancing.

Hi! I’m Blue Bee, your WPU Mascot.

Welcome to Western Philippines University!

Shape your dreams with quality learning experience.

STAY SAFE AND HEALTHY!

v
 INTRODUCTION

The Civic welfare Training Service (CWTS) is one of the components of the National
Service Training Program (NSTP), a civic education and defense preparedness program
for higher and vocational education students in the Philippines. CWTS activities are
contributory to the general welfare and the betterment of life for the members of the
community or the enhancement of its facilities, especially those devoted to improving
health, education, environment, entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and morals of the
citizenry".

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 UNIT 2

Lesson 1.

The Nature of Drug and Drug Abuse (FAQs)

Learning Objectives

At the end of this Unit, you are expected to:

1. Explore the nature and effects of drugs of abuse of substances such as alcohol,
tobacco, and others on personal health and social relationships;

2. Synthesize accurate information on the health, legal, and social

consequences of drug and substance abuse and examine how this negatively
impacts the person who uses the drug, and his or her family, friends and
community; and

3. Make a personal commitment to remain drug free and develop a plan to

address drug and substance abuse.

Anyway, no drug, not even alcohol, causes the fundamental ills of

society, if we’re looking for the source of our troubles, we shouldn’t test people
for drugs, we should test them for stupidity, ignorance, greed and love of
power.
-P.J. O’Rourke

Overview

Drug education program for the youth is a significant undertaking in order to free
them from danger and keep them away from drugs. The youth of today comprises the
most vulnerable group than can be affected by prohibited drugs that are commonly
abused. According to General Edgar C. Galvante, Former Executive director, Dangerous
drugs Board, most drug users start their habit early, usually during their teenage years.
They are particularly susceptible to the drug experience because adolescence is the
period of experimentation, exploration, curiosity, and search for identity. It is believed
that young people with problematic backgrounds are vulnerable and more likely to
continue abusing drugs, once they have started, and to develop other aggravating
problems, if not processed. These young people in difficult circumstances are associated
with poverty, family disintegration, relocation, discrimination, and lack of suitable
alternative activities.
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 Drug abuse prevention, done through problem awareness,
education and strategy implementation, is very vital to the success of controlling and
dropping drug abuse. Positive behavior, including the constructive handling of feelings
and responsibilities, should be installed and encourage in our own families during the
early life of young family members and carried on up to the later stage of life. This should
be nurtured by a caring and understanding community.

It been known that the foremost reason why our youth is

dragged into the abyss of drug abuse is the lack of guidance from the family itself. There
are aspects of this reason. First, maybe the parents are too busy with their jobs, giving
less time to their children. Second, parents have not finished schooling, making them
less informed and less aware of the effects of drugs. Third, the type of discipline of
parents includes physical violence, thus, in most cases in the Philippines, drives away
their kid from home.

The second most predominant reason.

Adolescence is the period where wants exceed necessities. A teenager

spends more time with friends or peers rather than at home. It is the stage where a
youngster has continuing searching of identity and place in the society. The influence of
the peers, either friends or activity partners, has been proven as a strong force of
initiation into drug addiction among the youth.

The drug addict is generally an emotionally unstable individual before he

or she acquires the habit. The person cannot face painful situations without help. He has
little or no self-control. He or she hates physical, mental or moral sufferings. Every
individual cannot stand alone, as we say it.

A person will try to use drugs if a friend insists, for the sake of friendship.
This weakness is a predator and hard to dismantle for most teenagers.

Truly, drug abuse is a predator, a monster that preys on innocent, curious

mind like those of teenagers. Hence, this module zeroes in on uncovering problem of
drug abuse among the youngsters and on finding ways and means by which this societal
menace could be lessened, if not totally annihilated.

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What is a drug?

A drug is a chemical substance that brings about physical, emotional or

behavioral change in a person taking it.

How drugs are taken?

1. Ingestion
2. Inhalation
3. Injection
4. Use of suppository
5. Applied topically

When are drugs harmful?

Any drug may be harmful when taken in excess. Some drugs can also be
harmful if taken in dangerous combinations or by hypersensitive (allergic) person
in ordinary or even small amounts.

Why do people turn into drugs?

There are various reasons-ranging from the reason that “medicines” can
solve problems, to widespread access to various drugs, to “peer pressure”, to the
notion that drugs give enjoyment to users and in the context that it is used s an
alcoholic substitute.

What is drug abuse?

Drug abuse is the use of chemical substance, licit or illicit, which results in
an individual’s physical, mental or social impairment. It may refer to any of the
following practices.

1. Using without benefit or prescription, useful drugs which have the capacity
to alter mode and behavior;

2. Using drugs and substances for a purpose different from the one for which
the drug has been prescribed; and

3. Using drugs and substances having no legitimate medical application for

purpose other than research.
Are there products other than drugs ever abused?

Drugs that are commonly abused, depending on pharmacological effects, may

be classified into:

1. Stimulants. Drugs which increase alertness and physical disposition

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 Examples: amphetamine, cocaine, caffeine, nicotine

2. Hallucinogens (Psychedelics). Drugs which affect sensation, thinking, self-

awareness and emotion. Changes in time and space perception, delusions (false
beliefs) and hallucinations may be mild or overwhelming, depending on dose and
quantity of the drug.

Examples: LSD, Mescaline and marijuana

3. Sedatives. Drugs which may reduce anxiety and excitement

Examples: Barbiturates, Non-barbiturates, Tranquilizers, Alcohol

4. Narcotics. Drugs that relieve pain and often induce sleep

Examples: Opium and its derivatives such as Morphine, Heroin, Codeine

What is a drug abuser?

Anyone can be a drug abuser. Drug abuse is no respecter of age, sex and social
status. It is very difficult to come up with an accurate profile of a drug abuser that
can be applied to all because people are different in many ways.

How can you tell when one is abusing drugs?

A lot of changes – in behavior, in appearance and in mood – occur in a person

who is abusing drugs. Sudden changes occur in the person’s disposition from
pleasant to unpleasant.

Thus, he/she:

1. is often associated with known drug abusers,

2. is irritable, discourteous, defiant and aggressive;
3. untrustworthy and lacks self-confidence;
4. is unhealthy and unconcerned with good grooming;
5. has low frustration tolerance;
6. lacks interest in his studies/work;
7. blames everybody but not himself for his problems;
8. develops changes in normal capabilities in school/work; and
9. borrows money and at times steals various items unusually.

Common Signs of Drug Abuse

1. Injection marks of an addict

2. Unusual effort made to cover arms in order to hide needle marks

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3. Stealing items which can be readily sold for cash to support a drug habit
4. Changes in mood-depending on the drug taken
Examples: depressed or becoming elated and euphoric

5. Association with known drug abusers

6. Change from normal capabilities (work habits, Efficiency, etc..)
7. Changes in attendance at work or school
8. Wearing sunglasses constantly at inappropriate times (for instance, indoors
or at night) or only to hide dilated or constricted pupils but also to
compensate for the eyes’ inability to adjust to sunlight. Marijuana cause
bloodshot eyes.

9. Poor physical appearance including intension to dress and personal hygiene.

Bawal na Gamot
By Willie Garte

Bawat yugto ng sandaling halos ‘di ko alam

Naglalakbay ang diwa sa ligayang nakamtan
Gamot na bawal ay ayaw ko ng tigilan
Hinahanap-hanap ko at inaasam

O kay sarap ng buhay

Kung siya’y aking nalalanghap
Akala ko ang mundo ay wala nang katapusan
At nang ako ay magising sa kasalanang nagawa
Kinabukasan ko ay nawala

Chorus
Pangarap ko’y di maabot
Dahil sa bawal na gamot
Labis ko nang pinagsisihan
ang aking kamalian

Instrumental

O ka’y sarap ng buhay

Kung siya’y aking nalalanghap
Akala ko ang mundo ay wala nang katapusan
At nang ako ay magising sa kasalanang nagawa
Kinabukasan ko ay nawala

Repeat Chorus

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 EXERCISE 3.1

Name:___________________________________ Course:___________

Date:____________________________ Rating:____________

Drug and Substance Abuse Prevention and Control

1. Listen to the music Anak, you are expected to internalize the message of the song.
After which, you will proceed to accomplishing the ensuing tasks described below.

Based on the song Anak, write at least five positive and negative traits as observed in
each lyrics that relates to the young generation of today. Should you have identified
negative traits, think of a way by which these can be rectified or corrected.

How to correct negative

Positive Traits Negative Traits
traits

2. Write a prayer that will manifest your intension to improve the negative traits that you
have identified.

__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
_

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 UNIT 3
Lesson 2:
The National Drug Situation

All of us are very much aware of the nature of the drug problem. It has been
condemned by governments all over the world and billions in resources have been
spent to contain it, yet drug trafficking and/or drug abuse is still here.

In fact, it is today’s most profitable underground business which has spawned, yet
considered as another crime and source of money laundering on a global scale. The
Vienna-based International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) points out that “No
country, rich or poor, large or small, equipped with sophisticated machinery to fight
money-laundering or not, can consider itself safe from money-laundering”.

The Philippine situation is not any different from other countries of the world that
are affected by drug problem and is in fact following the trends in other countries. In
1978, there were only about 20,000 drug users in the country. Almost all of them were
from Metro Manila. Today, the Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB) estimates that
approximate 6.7 million drug users are now down to 1.7 million.

Three (3) major drugs abused dominate the drug scene in the country. The first is
methamphetamine hydrochloride known as “Shabu”, which is the main drug used by
abusers. The second is marijuana. According to some sources, the Philippines has
become the world’s second biggest source of marijuana after Mexico, producing about
1.4 billion worth each year. The third is methylene dioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)
or ecstacy, which is now sweeping the elite market.

Commonly Abused Drugs

1. Shabu (Methamphetamine Hydrochloride).

Methamphetamine is the most popular abused drugs in the country
today. In the 1990s, stimulant abuse emerged in many ASEAN countries. This
major change in the pattern of substance abuse can perhaps be considered as
the first stimulant epidemic of the region. The Philippines is probably the first
ASEAN country that faces severe stimulant abuse. The abuse of
Methamphetamine was noted in 1986 among the affluent, entertainment and
artist population. The status of Methamphetamine or “Shabu” abuse at that
time seemed well confined. However, in 1987, the abuse spread to the general
population.

Today Methamphetamine is available in varying degrees throughout the

country. This widespread availability is illustrated by increasing
methamphetamine seizures, and cases filed in court. Over a six-year period, the
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increase is almost 50. In 1996, a total of 18,904 arrests were made; in 2001, the
number increased to 32,227. In 1996, some 792 kgs of Shabu was seized; in
2001, the total seizure was some 1,561 kgs.

Of all the regions in the country, methamphetamine is more widely

available throughout Regions 1, 2,3,4, CAR,ARMM, and the NCR.

2. Ecstacy or Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Ecstacy is

fast making its presence felt in the country. There is an increase in reports
about the use of “ecstacy” among young people, particularly in nightclubs.
Ecstacy, or MDMA, is a synthetic drug that acts simultaneously as a
stimulant and as a hallucinogen. It is strongly linked to music and dance
culture and has a growing user based among the elites (Class A and B). While
some users confine their consumption to occasional use at social, music and
dance events, others develop regular use profiles, while the third group uses
both frequently and intensively.

There are reports stating that ecstasy is shipped directly from Amsterdam
and other countries in Europe. There close to a thousand varieties of ecstasy
tablets and capsules and among them, which are now available in Metro
Manila, are Orange Grin Hornets, Aigner’s, Achtung, and Mitsubishi.
Studies abroad reveal that the damage caused by ecstasy to one’s health is
irreversible.

3. Marijuana. Marijuana abounds in the Philippines. But since the early

nineties, it has seized to be drug of choice. Most of what is produced locally
is intended for foreign markets. In East Asia, the Pacific, Australia, Europe,
and the U S, the UNDCP has identified the Philippines as a major marijuana
producer and exporter.

The Cordillera Autonomous Region is the biggest producer of

cannabis or marijuana in the country as evidenced by the number of plants
and seeds confiscated within a ten-year period from 1992 t0 2001, with a
total of 112,467,372 plants and seeds seized. Shown are the top producing
regions of the country and the total number of marijuana plants/seeds that
were seized during operations conducted from 1992 – 2001.

PROCAR 112,467,372
PRO 1 51,227,234
PRO 1 3, 818,903
PRO 2 3,387,801
PROARMM 3,261,374
PRO 12 2,889,193

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 In 1972, there were only nine (9) identified sites engaged in
marijuana cultivation. Today, the number of marijuana-producing
barangays has ballooned to ninety-eight (98), located in nine different
regions in the country. Marijuana-producing areas in Northern Luzon are
Located in Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR), Region 1 and Region
2. In the Visayas, the cultivation sites are found in region 7, while
marijuana plantations can also be found in regions 10, 11, 12, 13 and
ARMM in Mindanao.

Drug Trafficking

Methamphetamine hydrochloride continues to be smuggled into the

country through four major avenues: the seaports and special economic zones,
the international airports, the mail and parcel services, and the vast expanse of
Philippine coastline.

The use of the seaports was exemplified by the seizure of 158 kilograms of
Shabu stashed inside two (2) container vans at the Manila International
Container Port in two different occasions in 1999.

The Ninoy Aquino International Airport continues to be the preferred

trafficking avenue for small quantities from less than one kilo to multi-kilo
shipments by traffickers using false compartments in luggage or through body
packing. The gravity of the problem can be gleamed from the seizure of 116.88
million pesos worth of drugs by the NAIA Drug Interdiction Task Group in 2001.
It was on September 11 and 14, 2004 respectively, when two Taiwanese nationals
were intercepted carrying five (5) kilograms of Shabu each on board a flight
originating from Xiamen, China.

The mail and parcel system is preferred in foreign destinations that have
large Filipino communities like Guam, US, Australia, England and Middle East.
A case in point was the seizure of 39.8 kilos of Shabu from a FED EX shipment
from Hong Kong on September 11, 2001 by the Bureau of Customs. The vast and
relatively unpatrolled shoreline of the country is where most of the huge
shipments are smuggled. Major drug shipments intercepted by law enforcement
authorities include the 420 kilograms hauled in Pangasinan in 1999, the 365
kilograms in Sariaya, Quezon, 125 kilograms in Ilocos Sur, and 33 kilograms in
Zambales, all in 2000. For the year 2001, 503 kilograms of Shabu were
intercepted in Real, Quezon on October 13, 2001, allegedly from the shoreline of
Panukulan, Quezon and said illegal drugs were personally escorted by the Mayor
of said town. Also in 2001, 350 kg of Shabu was seized on San Narciso Zambales.

Involvement of Foreign Nationals in Drug Trafficking

The involvement of foreign nationals is very is very apparent in almost all

the big volume seizures of government law enforcement authorities. Data from
9
 the Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency in 1993 to December 31, 2001
reflected 258 foreign nationals arrested in the Philippines for violation of
Republic Act, No. 6425 (Dangerous Drugs Act of !972, as amended). Of this
total, 182 or 70.54% were Chinese nationals while other nationalities made up
the remaining 76 or 29.463%. More importantly, the volume of Shabu seized
from foreign nationals over the same period totaled 2,889 kilograms or 64.24%
of the total volume of shabu seized in the country in over the same period
January 1, 1998 to December 31, 2001 or 63.888% of the aggregate national’s
seizure of shabu.

The local drug scene has recently gained a new dimension. Today, supply
comes not only from important but also from local manufacturing. Since 1997,
there have been nine discoveries of clandestine laboratories made and the most
significant of which was the discovery of the clandestine laboratory in San
Juan. All along, cland labs were thought of as makeshift and unsophisticated,
until San Juan. On July 18, 2002, another clandestine laboratory was
dismantled at Loyola, Quezon City by members of the Metro Manila Drug
Enforcement Group. Seven (7) Chinese nationals were arrested and 44.540
kilograms of Shabu, 50.67 kilograms of ephedrine and Shabu laboratory
equipment and paraphernalia were seized. Another clandestine laboratory was
dismantled in Executive Heights Subdivision, Parañaque City on November 1,
2002. Just recently, on February 2012, 90 million pesos worth of illegal drugs
ingredients were seized by the Bureau of Customs, including that of the popular
“ecstacy”.

Transit Points of Drugs

A huge portion of Shabu that enters the Philippines comes directly from
Southern China where most of the Shabu laboratories are located. Of the 15 major
interdictions since 1993, seven (7) were shipped directly from Southern China.
Five (5) shipments were from South China but they passed through Hong Kong
first before they were rerouted to the Philippines. At least one shipment passed
through Taiwan. Lately, we learned that the shipments at Quezon and Zambales
came directly from North Korea.

Identified landing points are mainly through the shorelines of the

Northern and Central Luzon regions and Southern Tagalog, specifically Batanes,
Cagayan, Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan, Zambales, Aurora, Quezon and Mindoro
provinces. Reports also indicate Palawan and Masbate as probable landing sites
for Shabu smuggling.

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Facts and Figures

Organized Drug Groups

As a result of Intelligence Workshop conducted by PDEA, eleven (11)

Transnational Drug Syndicate were identified to be operating in the country
while, the number of local organized drug groups is pegged at 215. NCR and
Region 3 have the highest number of drug groups with 30 groups each, followed
by Region 7 with 27 groups and Region 9 with 22 groups. The regions with the
lowest number of drug groups are Cordillera Administrative Region and CARAGA
Region with one (1) drug group each.

Personalities in the BADAC Watch List

As of September, the nationwide total number of drug personalities

perfected in the Barangay Drug Abuse Council (BADAC) Watch List is pegged at
37,076. Among the regions, NCR has the highest number of identified drug
personalities with 10,879 or 29,384 of the total number of drug personalities
nationwide followed by PRO 4 with 7,958 or 21,468 and PRO 3 with 6,443 or
17,378.

Drug Rehabilitation

The number of drug patients is increasing. Based on records of

Government Residential Centers’ Admission, from 1,466 in 1974, the number
reached 5,945 in 2001.

Statistics from rehabilitation centers show the following data:

1. Majority of patients are in the 15-29 age group.
2. The mean age of drug user is 27 years old.
3. Shabu and/or Marijuana are their drug of choice.
4. The ratio of male users to female is 14:1.
5. Workers composed 43.718% of the drug patient population.
6. Unemployed comprised 35,838.
7. Students comprised 5,138.
8. Out of school youth comprised 1,183.

Drug-Affected Barangays

Records show that the number of drug-affected barangays as of

September this year represents 8,508 or 3,577 of the country’s 42,061 barangays.
Comparing all regions, Region 4 has the highest number of drug affected
barangays with 1,026 of its 5,463 barangays, followed by Region 3 with 492 of
its 3,175 barangays, and Region 7 with 279 of its 3,003 barangays. While Region
12 has the lowest with 32 of its 1,192 barangays.
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Data on Arrests, Cases and Seizures

CY 2000 35,753
Total number of drug-related arrests CY 2001 32,227
As of September 2002 22,860
CY 2000 14,258
Number of cases filed in court CY 2001 22,021
As of September 2002 14,978
CY 2002 P3.998B
Value of drug Seized CY 2001 P3.9B
As of September 2002 P1.2B

Assessment

The emergence of East and Southeast Asia as the fastest growing region in
terms of manufacture, trafficking and consumption of Amphetamine Type
Stimulants seriously affects the Philippines. Being a major ATS consuming
country, it is therefore important to maintain close cooperation with the countries
in the region in the common fight against illegal drugs.

The discovery and dismantling of clandestine Laboratories in the country

indicates a major shift in strategy to manufacture shabu in the country as opposed
to the traditional trafficking of shabu in its processed form. Control of precursors
and essential chemicals and the prevention of diversion to illegal use are therefore
more urgent than before.

Marijuana cultivation expanded despite the decline in preference of

Filipino drug abusers due to increase in trafficking to other boundaries like Japan,
Australia and other countries in Europe. While it may not affect Filipino directly,
the resulting stigma as a source country for the drug is equally damaging to the
standing of the country.

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Profile of Drug Abusers in the Philippines

Age Mean age of 28 years old

Sex Male to female ratio 9:1
Civil Status Single 51.56%
Married 34.44%
Family Size Siblings 3.4
Employed 30.94%
Self-employed 12.4%
Occupation Unemployed 38.87%
Students 5%
OSY 0.09%
College Level 28.23%
Educational Attainment High School Level 29.41%
High School Graduate 16.74%
Economic Status Average Monthly Income P15,064.00
Duration of Drug Taking More than 6 years
Nature of Drug Taking Poly Drug Use
Methamphetamine
Hydrochloride (shabu)
Abused Drugs
Cannabis (Marijuana)
Inhalants (Contact cement)
Place of Residence Urban, specially in NCR
Source: Dangerous Drugs Board (2004/2008)

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 EXERCISE 3.2

Name:___________________________________ Course:___________

Date:____________________________ Rating:____________

The National Drug Situation

With your creative talent, how would you describe the national drug situation,
if you were to be asked to perform any of the following:

A. Newspaper Correspondent (prepare a write-up)

B. Anti-Drug Abuse Advocate (draft a position paper)
C. T V Reporter (make an annotation of a news)

14
 UNIT 3
Lesson 3:
Myth versus Fact: Drug Abuse and
Illicit Trafficking
1. Why the Big Outcry? Drugs aren’t Really a Big Problem. The fact is .
.
They are a tremendous problem, the seriousness of which is becoming more
apparent every day. There are millions of drug users throughout the world
abusing all sorts of illegal substances. These people are damaging their health
and well-being, and jeopardizing their chances for a healthy and productive
life. Furthermore, there are billions of innocent victims of drug abuse-families
of users, communities, employers and societies. The problems caused by drug
abuse and illicit trafficking are among the most serious facing the world today,
threatening future generations and thus, the future of life.

2. “Recreational” Use of Drugs is not Harmful. The Fact is . . . All illegal

drugs are dangerous and cause physical and psychological change in the user.
Prolonged drug use exacerbates these harmful effects that can lead to
addiction. The health hazards of these drugs are very real and, for much the
same reason, prescription drugs should be properly administered and used
only at the discretion of a physician. Moreover, the user or potential user must
consider where the money goes that is spent on illegal drugs. The traffickers
gain the largest share of the profits from this illegal trade. They in turn use the
money to destabilize government through “buying votes” and through
corruption, intimidation and violence.

3. Marijuana is no Worse than Using Alcohol or Tobacco. The Fact is .

. Marijuana is very dangerous. Unlike alcohol, which usually leaves the body
within 24 hours because it is water soluble, marijuana is fat-soluble, which
means that the psycho-active chemicals attach themselves to the fatty parts of
the body (usually the brain and reproductive organs) and be detected up to 30
days after initial use. Extensive research has indicated that marijuana impairs
short-term memory and slows learning; interferes with normal reproductive
functions; adversely affect heart functions; has serious effects or perception
and skilled performance, such as driving and others complex tasks involving
judgment or fine motor skills; and greatly impairs lung and respiratory
functions. A marijuana cigarette contains more cancer-causing agents than the
strongest tobacco cigarette.

4. Everybody is Taking Drugs. The Fact is . . . This common argument is

used by drug users in an effort to gain acceptability for their deviant behavior.
No matter how alarming drug use statistics may be, majority of the people of
15
 the world do not use illegal drugs. Peer pressure is always difficult to cope with
and it takes more courage and strength to stand up for what you know is right,
and to resist drugs, when friends try to convince you that “everybody is doing
it”. In fact, everybody is not using drugs; those who use them are far less likely
to have happy and productive lives than those who remain drug-free.
5. Only Weak Individuals Becomes Addicts. The Fact is . . . The reverse is
true: addicts become weak individuals. No one begins taking drugs with the
aim of becoming addicted. People take drugs for a variety of reasons, including
to escape from reality, to cope with daily life, or to be accepted by others. Drugs
are very seductive because, in most cases, they initially provide what user is
seeking. Their seductive quality is one of the strongest factors contributing to
addiction. Consider cocaine, for example. There are increasing reports of
professionals in all fields who admit to cocaine addiction. They experimented
with it initially, so they say, with the intent of providing an occasional “boast”,
and though they could continue in the same manner. The drug addict often
becomes so obsessed with attaining more of the drug that he or she will exhaust
money and assets, ruin a marriage and family life, and lose a career before
admitting to addiction, because of the mistaken view that only weak individuals
become addicts. Addiction is a difficult disease to accept and one from which
many people never recover. No one can assume he or she is immune from
addiction. There is no “safe” way to use illegal drugs, even when done only
occasionally.

6. Drug Abuse is a “Victimless” Crime – It Only Hurts the User. The

Fact is . . . While the health and social changes from a productive life are
jeopardized for the individual drug user, he or she is not only one to suffer. The
family suffers disharmony and pain in witnessing the self-destruction of a loved
one. The consumer ultimately pays for the cost of drugs in the workplace by
buying inferior goods at higher prices. The taxpayers suffer because it is their
money which is needed to support efforts of government, law enforcement
officials, and the treatment community in combating drug crimes and
rehabilitating users. The community, society and the nation suffer from all of
the above. Added to this is the financial support the user is giving to the
criminal organizations which profit from drugs, and criminal activity often
engaged in by the user in an effort to support the “habit”. Throughout society,
there is suffering because of the self-indulgence of drug addiction.

7. If A person Wants to Take Drugs, Government should Interfere. The

Fact is . . . The legitimate rights of the individual must be consistent with the
safety and welfare of the general population. No individual has an inalienable
right to behave in a manner destructive to others. For this reason, laws are
established. Government and societies do not tolerate murder, robbery,

8. All Drug Addicts Should Be Imprisoned. The Fact is . . . Imprisonment

of a drug addict as such does not solve the problem. Drug users have
committed a crime, but detoxification, treatment and rehabilitation of the
16
 individual are essential if the addict is to learn to live without drugs. This
approach includes responding to immediate and acute medical needs, with
continuing availability of counseling and medical treatment, and of longer-
term support in a non-drug environment. Furthermore, prison space in many
countries is usually limited and is more widely used for the detention of other
criminals. Placing an addict in prison does not cure the disease and, when the
addict is released, he will usually return to a destructive and deviant life-style.

9. The Cultivation of Drug Crops Gives a Poor Farmer a Chance to Make

Money. The Fact is . . . The farmer is breaking the law and usually knows it.
The income received by the farmer for illicit narcotics production
unfortunately, is higher than that received for traditional food crops, often
leading to increased illicit production to the exclusion of food crops. This kind
of illegal activity creates an artificially-based cash economy, making the farmer
completely dependent on the influx of money from drug dealers, putting him
at the mercy of criminal traffickers and in opposition to the government.

10. Peddling Drugs is One Way the Poor can Earn Money. The Fact is . . .
Most drug peddlers are addicts or become addicts. The money they earn does
not help them or their families; they are merely supporting a drug habit. As
their addiction deepens, new “clients” must be found to bring in more money
to buy more drugs. They thus, seek new users for their products. Each street
drug peddler is the last link in the corruptive chain of criminal activity, not only
destroying neighborhoods and terrorizing citizens as well.

11. Drug Use is a Way of Life in Some Countries. Why Change it? The
Fact is . . . It is not a way of life in any country. Statistics show that areas where
drug use is common, economic development can be seriously retarded. This is
true in both developing and industrialized countries.

17
 EXERCISE 3.3

Name:___________________________________ Course:___________

Date:____________________________ Rating:____________

Myth versus Fact: Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking

What other misconception do you have in relation to drug abuse and drug
prevention? Below, identify on the first column the myths and on the second column,
provide facts to correct the wrong beliefs.

Myths Facts

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 UNIT 3
Lesson 4:
The Comprehensive Dangerous
Drugs Act of 2002
Concretizes government’s “intensive and unrelenting campaign the trafficking
and use of dangerous drugs, and other similar substances through an integrated system
of planning, implementation, and enforcement of anti-drug abuse policies, programs,
and projects”. R. A. 9165 is an act instituting the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act
of 2002, repealing Republic Act No. 6425, known as the Dangerous Drugs Act of 1972.
1. PD 1619 “Volatile Solvents”
2. RA 9165 Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002
It also serves as guide in the implementation of dangerous drug prevention and
control in the country. It guides everyone in the right approach in the country. It guides
everyone in the right approach towards issues geared against drug activities.
1. What are the common responsibilities of CHED and TESDA?
RA 9165, Article IV mandates the following functions:
a. Provide continuing in-service training of teachers on the effective utilization
of support instructional materials and on teaching strategies on drug
education
b. Continuously monitor and evaluate the effectiveness and overall impact of
drug education program

2. What are the other functions of CHED and TESDA regarding drug
abuse prevention?
The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) is responsible for:
Enriching and updating the integration of dangerous drug prevention
concepts in the general education of all higher education course offerings and
in the professional subjects, especially in health related and science teacher
education courses.
The Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) is
responsible for:
a. Integrating drug abuse prevention concepts in the technical, vocational
and agro-industrial courses
b. Integrating drug abuse prevention concepts in appropriate instructional
materials for technical education and skills development

3. Should drug abuse prevention and control be part of the school

curricula?
Yes, Article IV, Sec. 43 of Republic Act 9164 stipulates that instruction on
drug abuse prevention and control be integrated in the elementary, secondary
and tertiary curricula of all public and private schools, whether general,
technical, vocational or agro-industrial.

19
4. What are the topics on drug abuse prevention and control that should be
integrated in the instruction?
According to Article IV, Sec. 43, the following topics should be covered:
a. Adverse effects of the abuse and misuse of dangerous drugs on the person,
the family, the school, and the community;
b. Preventive measures against drug abuse:
c. Health, socio-cultural, psychological, legal and economic dimensions and
implications of the drug problem;
d. Steps to take when intervening on behalf of a drug dependent is needed;
e. Services available for the treatment and rehabilitation of drug dependents;
f. Misconceptions about the use of dangerous drugs but not limited to the
importance and safety of dangerous drugs of medical and therapeutic use;
and
g. Differentiation between medical patients and drug dependents in order to
avoid confusion and accidental stigmatization in the consciousness of the
students.

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 EXERCISE 3.4

Name:___________________________________ Course:___________

Date:____________________________ Rating:____________

The Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002

Critical Thinking

1. In your capacity as an NSTP student, what can you do to support the

implementation of RA 9165?

2. What is the importance of Dangerous Drugs Law, specially to the NSTP students and
the community in general?

21
 UNIT 3
Lesson 5:
The Youth and Government’s
Response to Drug Problem
By the turn of the 21st century, substance abuse has taken an alarming proportion
in the country. “Shabu” (the local name for methamphetamine) has become the
number one drug of abuse, followed by marijuana and inhalants. The abuse of legal
substances like nicotine and alcohol continue to be worrisome. A survey by the
University of the Philippines Population Institute in 1996 showed the initial age of
use of nicotine, alcohol, and drugs to be age 16-17, that 40% of males surveyed were
smoking and 37% of the youth regularly used alcohol. At present, more than 1.5
million Filipinos are users of illegal drugs. The youth are especially hard hit. They are
the greatest number of drug users. Among them are more than 350,000 identified
high school students in the country. One can only speculate on the number of young
people abusing drugs not identified.
Various activities, to date, are initiated and are aimed to produce the following
effects on young people:
1. lessen violent behavior;
2. increase pro-social behavior and decrease negative, self-destructive behavior;
3. increase the ability to plan ahead and choose effective solutions to problems;
4. improve self-image and self-awareness;
5. improve handling of interpersonal problems and coping with anxiety;
6. improve social and emotional adjustment;
7. improve constructive conflict resolution with peers; and
8. improve self-control.
Early in 2004, the Dangerous Drugs Board launched the program “Barkada
Kontra Droga” (or “Peers Against Drugs”). The specific thrust of this program is drug
abuse prevention.
This concept tries to change the meaning of the word “Barkada” or “peer” which
connotes a negative influence among peers. Each member of the “Barkada Kontra
Droga” pledge to keep his community and family safe and secure from the evils of
illegal drugs. Further, he is asked to commit to convince friends and relatives to join
the fight against drugs and trafficking, never to use drugs, and to report clandestine
laboratories, pushers and users.
Legislation for illicit Drugs Control
1. 1972. The Dangerous Drugs Act was established.
2. 2002. The Comprehensive Drugs Act was implemented.
3. 2002. The Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) was established.
4. 2002. An Integrated Drug Abuse Data Information Network (IDADIN) was created
to monitor drug use/abuse.
Government Response to the Problem
1. Preventive education programs to dissuade users or potential users from
experimenting with illegal drugs and/or continuing to use them
2. Treatment and rehabilitation programs aimed at facilitating abstinence
3. Intensified campaign against illegal drugs and trafficking
4. Judicial and legislative measures
5. National, regional and international cooperation to fight illegal drug trafficking
and abuse of dangerous drugs
22
 6. Some Philippine political figures are talking about drug testing employees of
outsourced call center workers, others are calling for testing university students,
and the government is currently considering drug testing all government
employees.
7. Drug Information and Action Line (DIAL) was created to receive reports and
complaints related to drug abuse and provide assistance to the public on drug-
related cases.
Ten (10) Ways to Say “No” to Drugs
1. Be vocal, just say “NO” and mean it!
2. Project an image of clean living for yourself.
3. Get into sports.
4. Choose your friends and influence them positively.
5. Get involved in community-based projects.
6. Join organizations (church, school, community or social) or youth clubs or form
your own drama group.
7. Learn how to manage stress.
8. Join seminars on anti-drug abuse prevention.
9. Talk to your family, listen to the problems of your brothers and sisters.
10. Enhance your talents or skills by taking part in workshops, training or seminars.
The soundness of the activity we do today will contribute to the success of
the program we have together with our clients in the days to come.
Our involvement . . .
To be involved in drug prevention and control requires a
S.T.R.O.N.G.
S - Steadfast personality
T - Trustworthy in words and deeds
R - Respectable in relating with others
O - Open-minded in facing situations
N - Noble character
G - Gutsy action and ideas

As good citizens . . .
Let us be keepers of life and create a safe environment through our
respective positions.
Let us join in keeping our society a drug-free Philippines!

23
 EXERCISE 3.5

Name:___________________________________ Course:___________

Date:____________________________ Rating:____________

The Youth and Government’s Response to the Drug Problem

As an NSTP student, prepare a letter of appeal to concerned authorities in the

attempt to look for solutions in abating the drug problem in the community/country.
Below is a template that you can use for the said purpose.

_______________
________________
________________
________________
________________:

______________________________________

____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_____________

Sincerely yours,
____________________

24
 UNIT TEST

Name:_______________________________________
Course________
Date:______________________________________
Rating__________

Drug and Substance Abuse Prevention and Control

Read the statement/s carefully. Select the best answer by encircling the letter of
your choice.
1. An Act instituting the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002, and
repealing Republic Act 6425.
a. RA 9165 c. RA 9162
b. RA 9163
2. The Article and Section of RA 9165 which stipulate the instruction on drug
abuse prevention and control to be integrated in the elementary, secondary
and tertiary school curricula of all public and private schools, whether
general, technical, vocational or industrial.
a. Article IV Section 4.3 c. Article V Section 5
b. Article IV Section 10
3. The dangerous drug commonly used by most Filipinos
a. Marijuana c. Ecstacy
b. Shabu
4. The five countries that are largely involved in the trafficking of drugs in the
Philippines
a. China, Guam, Australia, England, Middle East
b. China, Thailand, Vietnam, India, Peru
c. China, Singapore, Korea, India, Thailand
5. The agency responsible to carry out the provisions of Republic Act 9165
known as Dangerous Drugs Act of @002
a. PDEA c. CHED
b. DDB
6. The body responsible in making policies and formulating strategies and
programs on drug prevention and control
a. PDEA c. CHED
b. DDB
7. The term used to describe the secret places of manufacturing drugs
a. Cannabis c. Stock house
b. Clandestine
8. An activity where drugs are spread or sold for consumption from one location
to another
a. Drug trafficking c. Drug dependent
b. Drug lord
9. The commonly abused drugs in the country and in the Asis Pacific region
a. Shabu and Marijuana c. All of the above
b. Ecstacy and Cough Syrup
10. The modes of drug transfer used by foreign nationals in drug trafficking
a. FedEx shipment, mail and parcels
b. Compartment, luggage, body packing and container vans
c. All of the above
25
11. The common place where dangerous drugs are mostly seized
a. Seaports, airports
b. Economic lines and Philippine coastlines
c. All of the above
12. The group of substance that are distributed to destroy health
a. Dangerous drugs c. Volatile
b. Controlled precursor
13. The substances which are useful and considered as essential drugs but
dangerous when used in excess
a. Controlled precursor c. Narcotics
b. Volatile
14. The early signs of individuals who are affected by dangerous drugs, except
one
a. Irritable, discourteous, aggressive
b. Untrustworthy, prefer barkadas, nausea and vomiting
c. Good grooming
15. The effects of dangerous drugs to individuals, except one
a. Develop changes in normal capabilities in work
b. Loss of memories
c. Good attention span
16. The age group level that composes the majority of patients affected by
dangerous drugs
a. 30-40 years c. 40-50 years
b. 15-29 years
17. The region that has highest number of affected barangays in the country
a. CAR c. Region 4
b. NCR
18. The region with the highest organized groups to fight drug abusers
a. Regions 1 and 2 c. NCR and Region 3
b. Regions 4 and 6
19. The highest marijuana-producing region in the land
a. CAR c. ARMM
b. Region 2
20. The number one source of dangerous drugs in the Philippines
a. Australia c. China
b. Thailand

26
References:

1987 Philippine Constitution

Labuguen, F. C., Vidal, C. J., Ramos, R., Moralde, R., Placer, R., & Rendorio, E., (2018).
NSTP Understanding the National Service Training Program, Mutya Publishing House,
Inc., Malabon City, Philippines.
Commonwealth Act No. 1 (National Defense Act) of 1935
Presidential Decree No. 1706 (National Service Law) of 1980
Republic Act No. 7077 of 1991 (The Citizen Armed Forces of the Philippines)
Republic Act No. 9163 (NSTP Act of 2001)

Disclaimer: This Module is prepared for instructional purposes only based on the
course syllabus. The teacher who prepared this module does not claim ownership on its
contents, but patterned the ideas from different sources.

27
28
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WPU-QSF-ACAD-82A Rev. 00 (09.15.20)

WPU-QSF-ACAD-82A Rev. 00 (09.15.20)
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WPU-QSF-ACAD-82A Rev.
WPU-QSF-ACAD-82A Rev. 00
00 (09.15.20)
(09.15.20)