Upward trend Downward trend Stable

increase decrease remain/stay +

grow decline stable/constant/unchanged
rise fall level off
go up go down
climb drop

значительно постепенно слегка

significantly gradually slightly
dramatically steadily marginally
considerably slowly negligibly -
незначительно
substantially
sharply
rapidly

приблизительно точно
around/about/approximately precisely
almost/roughly – почти exactly
just over – чуть выше
just under – чуть ниже

Specific verbs: rocket, jump – when there is a sharp sudden increase

Fluctuate - when you see a trend which went up and down several times (zig zag)

Reach a peak/to peak – use for the maximum point in a line graph

Introduction: The diagram/map/line graph/pie chart/bar chart shows, demonstrates, represents,

illustrates, provides information/data on (the same as about)

between 1940 and 1980/from 1940 to 1980/since 1940 to 1980

throughout/over the whole/entire period

Overview: Overall, it is evident/obvious/clear/noticeable that …..

Conjunctions to start the first paragraph: as for/with regard to/as regards

Conjunctions to start the second paragraph: on the contrary/ on the other hand – for the opposite trend

Linking words to show the similarities between line graphs: likewise/similarly

adjective + noun verb + adverb

(прилагательное + существительное) (глагол + наречие)

There was a dramatic increase in the number of
population.
There will be a considerable decline in the gold
sales.
There is a rapid rise in the price of gadgets.
The number of population increased
dramatically.
The gold sales will decline considerably.
The price of gadgets rises rapidly.