THE ROLE OF

GENES IN
HERIDITY
Reporter: Pilot, Datu Jay K.
• The heredity information is contained or within the
genes, located in the chromosomes of each cell. An inherited
trait can be determined by one or by many genes and a
single gene can influence more than one trait. A human cell
contains many thousands of different genes in the nucleus.
 • Heredity factors known as genes are thought to
exist as discrete portions (known as loci) of
chromosomes. The term “discrete” refers to the
concept that genes are always located at the same
point or (locus) on a chromosome.

• It is believed that pairs of homologous chromosomes

contain linear, matching arrangements of genes
exerting parallel control over the same traits.
 ALLELLES GENOTYPE
-pairs of genes that
exercise such parallel
control over the same
traits.

KINDS OF ALLELES: ALLELLES

• DOMINANT
• RECESSIVE
DOMINANT TRAIT
1

RECESSIVE TRAIT
 • Genetic characteristics can be extremely complex and
may require the actions of several separate genes to be
expressed in the adult organism.
✓ An example of traits that require more than a
single pair of genes to be expressed are human height
and human color.
✓ Other traits may be controlled by a single pair of
genes. Some of these traits may have extreme phenotypes,
such as albinism (lack of skin pigment) in humans.
 COMMON GENETICS DISORDER
DOWN SYNDROME SICKLE CELL DISEASE

PHENYL KETONEERIA (PKU) HEMOPHILIA

 EFFECTS OF
GENES IN OUR
ENVIRONMENT
 Genes an inherited, but their expression can be modified by
interactions with the environment. Genetic traits are determined
largely through the precise information found in the cell’s gene
structure.

1. EFFECT OF LIGHT OR CHLOROPHYLL

PRODUCTION
• EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON HAIR COLOR IN
THE HIMALAYAN HARE
- in their native arctic environment, Himalayan hares
have white body hair with black hair on their
extremities.