Worksheet

Ch-4 Analytical Chemistry

Q1. Fill in the blanks:

1. Salts of normal elements [1 (IA) to 17 (VIIA)] are generally………………….

2. Ferrous salts are…………in colour.

3. An example of weak alkali solution is………………….

4. Both ammonium and sodium hydroxide are used in analytical chemistry for identifying.…… of salts.
5. Zinc chloride solution reacts with ammonium hydroxide solution to give a ....................... coloured
precipitate.

6. Calcium salts with sodium hydroxide give………precipitates.

7. Sodium zincate and water is obtained on reaction of …………with concentrated caustic soda.

8. …………… and …………salt dissolve in sodium hydroxide.

9. Oxides and hydroxides of certain metals such as .........., .........., .......... are amphoteric in nature.
10. Amphoteric oxides and hydroxides react with an………to give salt and water only.

11. ……………, a white precipitate is soluble in excess NH4OH.

Answers
1. Colourless 2. light green 3. ammonium hydroxide 4. cations 5. white 6. white
7.zinc oxide 8. Zinc, lead 9. zinc, lead, aluminium 10. acid as well an alkali 11. AgCl

Q2. MCQ:
1. Salts of which elements are generally coloured :
(a) Transition (b) Normal (c) Lanthanides (d) Inner-transition.
2. Which one of the following salt solutions on reaction with excess of ammonium hydroxide
solution gives a deep blue solution ?
(a) FeCl3 (aq) (b) CuSO4 (aq) (c) Al2 (SO4)3 (aq) (d) ZnSO4 (aq)
3. Which one of the following salt solutions on reaction with excess sodium hydroxide solution gives
a clear solution finally ?
(a) Pb(NO3)2 (aq) (b) CuSO4 (aq) (c) FeCl3 (aq) (d) ZnSO4 (aq)
4. The precipitate of which of the following compounds is soluble in excess of ammonia solution ?
(a) Iron(II) chloride (b) Magnesium chloride (c) Copper(II) sulphate (d) Lead nitrate
5. Which one of the following salt solutions on reaction with excess of ammonium hydroxide solution
results finally in dissolution of the precipitate first formed ?
(a) AlCl3 (aq) (b) FeSO4 (aq) (c) Fe(SO4)3 (aq.) (d) ZnSO4 (aq.)
6. Hydroxide of this metal is soluble in sodium hydroxide solution :
(a) Magnesium (b) Lead (c) Silver (d) Copper
7. The hydroxide which is soluble in excess of NaOH is :
(a) Zn(OH)2 (b) Fe(OH)2 (c) Fe(OH)3 (d) Al(OH)3
8. Name the reagent from the following which can be used to distinguish zinc nitrate solution from
magnesium nitrate.
(a) NH4 OH (aq) (b) NaOH (aq) (c) BaCl2 (d) H2SO4
9. The oxide and hydroxide of which metal is amphoteric :
(a) Zinc (b) Copper (c) Iron (d) Manganese
10. Anhydrous iron(III) chloride is prepared by :
(a) Direct combination (b) Simple displacement (c) Decomposition (d) Neutralization
11. A chloride which forms a precipitate that is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide is :
(a) Calcium chloride (b) Ferrous chloride (c) Ferric chloride (d) Copper chloride

Answers:
(1) (a), (2) (b), (3) (a) ,(4) (c), (5) (d), (6) (b), (7) (a), (8) (a), (9) (a), (10) (a), (11) (d)

Q3. State the Observations:

What do you observe when (write equations if necessary) :

1. Sodium hydroxide solution is slowly added and then in excess to zinc sulphate solution.
2. To a solution of lead nitrate small amount of sodium hydroxide is added and then excess of sodium
hydroxide is added.
3. When sodium hydroxide is added to a solution of ferric chloride write equation for the reaction
taking place.
4. Ammonium hydroxide solution is added to Iron(II) sulphate solution.
5. Ammonium hydroxide is added to iron(III) sulphate solution.
6. Ammonium hydroxide solution is slowly added and then in excess to copper sulphate solution.
7. Ammonium hydroxide is added to zinc sulphate solution. Write the name and the formula of the
final product.
8. Ammonium hydroxide solution is added to copper(II) nitrate solution in small quantities and then
in excess.
9.Ammonium hydroxide solution is added to iron(III) chloride solution.
Answers:
1. Sodium hydroxide solution when slowly added to zinc sulphate solution, a white precipitate of zinc
hydroxide is obtained, which is soluble in excess of sodium hydroxide to form a clear solution of
sodium zincate.
ZnSO4 + 2NaOH → Zn(OH)2 ↓ + Na2SO4
Zn(OH)2 + 2NaOH (Excess) → Na2ZnO2 + 2H2O
2. A curdy white precipitate of lead hydroxide is formed which dissolves in excess NaOH giving a
colourless solution.
Pb(NO3)2 + 2NaOH → Pb(OH)2 ↓ + 2NaNO3
Pb(OH)2 + 2NaOH (Excess) → Na2PbO2
3. When sodium hydroxide solution is added to ferric chloride, a reddish brown precipitate of ferric
hydroxide, insoluble even in the excess of the sodium hydroxide, is obtained.
FeCl3 + 3NaOH → Fe(OH)2 ↓ + 3NaCl
4. A dirty green ppt. of ferrous hydroxide Fe(OH)2, insoluble in excess of NH4OH, is formed.
FeSO4 + 2NH4OH → Fe(OH)3 ↓ (NH4)2SO4
5. A reddish brown precipitate of iron (III) hydroxide is formed.
Fe2(SO4)3 + 6NH4OH → 2Fe(OH)3 ↓ + 3(NH4)2SO4
6. Ammonium hydroxide solution, when slowly added to copper sulphate solution, light blue
precipitate of copper hydroxide is obtained, which is soluble in excess of ammonium hydroxide to
form an intense deep blue solution of tetra amine cupric sulphate.
CuSO4 + 2NH4OH → Cu(OH)2 ↓ + (NH4)2SO4
CuSO4 + 4NH4OH → [Cu(NH3)4]SO4 + 4H2O
7. White ppt. of Zn(OH)2 formed which redissolves to give a colourless solution of tetraamine zinc
sulphate [Zn(NH3)4]SO4.
ZnSO4 + 2NH4OH → Zn(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4
Zn(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4 + 2NH4OH → [Zn(NH3)4]SO4 + 4H2O
8. Initially a light blue ppt. is formed which on addition of excess of ammonium hydroxide dissolves
and a deep inky blue solution is formed.
CuSO4 + 2NH4OH → Cu(OH)2 ↓ + (NH4)2SO4
Cu(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4 + 2NH4OH → [Cu(NH3)4]SO4 + 4H2O
9. A reddish brown ppt. of ferric hydroxide insoluble in excess of NH4OH is formed.
FeCl3 + 3NH4OH → 3NH4Cl + Fe(OH)3 ↓ white ppt.