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Combined Science
9 7
(chemistry)
Chapter-7 Acids, bases and salts

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

(1) The diagram shows the pH values of four solutions. Which of these solutions are alkaline?

(A)P only (B) P and Q only (C) Q, R and S only (D) R and S only

(2) Which substance is the most acidic?

Substance pH
A Calcium hydroxide 12
B Lemon juice 4
C milk 6
D Washing up liquid 8

(3) The graph shows how the pH of soil in a field changes over time. At which point was the
soil neutral?

(4) Ant stings hurt because of methanoic acid produced by the ant. Which substance could,
most safely, be used to neutralise the acid?

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(5) Which statements about alkalis are correct?
1 When reacted with an acid, the pH of the alkali increases.
2 When tested with litmus, the litmus turns blue.
3 When warmed with an ammonium salt, ammonia gas is given off.

(A)1,2 and 3 (B) 1 and 2 only (C) 1 and 3 only (D) 2 and 3 only

(6) The diagram shows two substances, X and Y, being heated together.

The universal indicator paper turns blue during the experiment. What are substances X
and Y ?

(A) Ammonium nitrate and hydrochloric acid

(B) Ammonium nitrate and sodium hydroxide
(C) Sodium carbonate and hydrochloric acid
(D) Sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide
(7) A gas is escaping from a pipe in a chemical plant. A chemist tests this gas and finds that
it is alkaline. What is this gas?
(A) Ammonia (B) Chlorine (C) hydrogen (D) sulfur dioxide

(8) Which type of reaction always forms a salt and water?

(A) exothermic (B) neutralisation (C) oxidation (D) polymerisation

(9) The oxide of element X was added to an acid. It reacted to form a salt and water.

What is the pH of the acid before the reaction and what type of element is X?

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(10) The graph shows how the pH changes as an acid is added to an alkali.

Acid + alkali salt + water

Which letter represents the area of the graph where both acid and salt are present?

(11) Which property is not characteristic of a base?

(A) It reacts with a carbonate to form carbon dioxide.

(B) It reacts with an acid to form a salt.

(C) It reacts with an ammonium salt to form ammonia.

(D) It turns universal indicator paper blue.

(12) Hydrochloric acid is used to clean metals. The acid reacts with the oxide layer on the
surface of the metal, forming a salt and water. Which word describes the metal oxide?

(A) alloy (B) base (C) element (D) indicator

(13) Which equation for the reaction between sodium carbonate and dilute hydrochloric
acid is correct.

(A) Na2CO3(s) + HCl(aq) NaCl (aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

(B) Na2CO3(s) + HCl(aq) Na2Cl (aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

(C) Na2CO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) NaCl (aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

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 (D) Na2CO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) 2NaCl (aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

(14) Which statement about oxides is correct?

(A) A solution of magnesium oxide will have a pH less than 7

(B) A solution of sulfur dioxide will have a pH greater than 7

(C) Magnesium oxide will react with nitric acid to make a salt

(D) sulfur dioxide will react with hydrochloric acid to make a salt.

(15) The diagram shows one period of the Periodic Table.

Which two elements form acidic oxides?

(A)Carbon and lithium (B) carbon and neon

(C)Carbon and nitrogen (D) nitrogen and neon

(16) Some reactions involving sodium are shown. Which reaction does not involve the
formation of a base?

(17) Salts can be prepared by reacting a dilute acid

1 with a metal

2 with a base

3 with a carbonate

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 Which method could be used to prepare copper(II) chloride?

(A)1 and 2 only (B) 1 and 3 only (C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1,2

(18) Which acid reacts with ammonia to produce the salt ammonium sulfate?

(A) hydrochloric (B) nitric (C) phosphoric (D) sulfuric

(19) Salts can be prepared by reacting a dilute acid.

1. with a metal

2. with a base

3. with a carbonate.

Which methods could be used to prepare copper(II) chloride?

(A) 1 and 2 only (B) 1 and 3 only

(C) 2 and 3 only (D) 1, 2 and 3

(20) A salt is made by adding an excess of an insoluble metal oxide to an acid. How can the
excess metal oxide be removed?

(A) Chromatography (B) Crystallisation (C) Distillation (D) Filtration

(21) A compound is a salt if it

(A) can neutralise an acid

(B) contains more than one element.

(C) dissolves in water

(D) is formed when an acid reacts with a base.

(22) Which acid reacts with ammonia to produce the salt ammonium sulfate?

(A) hydrochloric (B) nitric (C) phosphoric (D) sulfuric

(23) Which salt preparation uses a burette and a pipette?

(A) Calcium nitrate from calcium carbonate and nitric acid.

(B) Copper(II) sulfate from copper(II) hydroxide and sulfuric acid

(C) Potassium chloride from potassium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid

(D) zinc chloride from zinc and hydrochloric acid.

(24) Four stages in the preparation of a salt from an acid and a solid metal oxide are listed.

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 1. Add excess solid.

2. Evaporate half the solution and leave to cool.

3. Filter to remove unwanted solid.

4. Heat the acid.

In which order should the stages be carried out?

(A) 1 3 4 2
(B) 2 1 3 4
(C) 4 1 3 2
(D) 4 2 1 3

(25) A salt is produced in each of the following reactions.

P magnesium + dilute hydrochloric acid

Q zinc oxide + dilute sulfuric acid

R sodium hydroxide + dilute hydrochloric acid

S copper carbonate + dilute sulfuric acid

Which statements about the products of the reactions are correct?

1 A flammable gas is produced in reaction P.

2 Water is formed in all reactions.
3 All the salts formed are soluble in water.
(A) 1, 2 and 3 (B) 1 and 2 only (C) 1 and 3 only (D) 2 and 3 only

(26) Sulfuric acid has many uses.

(a) Sulfuric acid is a strong acid.
(i) Define the term acid.
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(ii) Define the term strong acid.

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(b)Dilute sulfuric acid is used to make salts known as sulfates.
A method consisting of three steps is used to make zinc sulfate from zinc carbonate.

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 Step 1 Add an excess of zinc carbonate to 20 cm3 of 0.4 mol/dm3 dilute sulfuric acid
until the reaction is complete.
Step 2 Filter the mixture.
Step 3 Heat the filtrate until a saturated solution forms and allow it to crystallise.
(i) Suggest two observations which show that the reaction is complete in step 1.
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(2) State why it is important to add an excess of zinc carbonate in step 1.
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(3) Name another zinc compound which can be used to make zinc sulfate from dilute
sulfuric acid using this method.
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(4) Suggest why this method would not work to make barium sulfate from barium
carbonate and dilute sulfuric acid.
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(27) (a) Write the chemical formula of Nitric acid and sodium hydroxide.
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(b) Why should the crystals prepared at the end of experiments to prepare salts not be
heated too strongly when drying them?
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(c) Methyl orange is an indicator. What does it mean?
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(d) Magnesium sulfate is made in reactions between solid magnesium or solid magnesium
compounds and dilute acid.
Complete Table to show the substances used and the products formed in these reactions.

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(e) Name the gas is released when metal reacts with acid.
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