-N \ [c -NITI LIyE #TTEq

flon.T nTTd.
G'A,d' 8 9//d')m9/dB99ipq 3)I1YNBq(

o SSI4NlENT 3

o)o ,2Ec 9CT o3Tg p6g2QSDAV(: 3y3t: oocnPl p1ACI0C 6IlE(

o)o)o hNrT?2bTInNrc

xOUR iUPYTER NOTEBOOj ASSIGNMENT WILL OFTEN HAuE t ELEMENTSc WRITTEN ANSWERS: CODE ANSWERS: AND QUIy
ANSWERS% =OR WRITTEN ANSWERS: YOU MAY INSERT IMAGES OF YOUR HANDWRITTEN WORj IN CODE CELLS: OR WRITE
YOUR ANSWERS IN MARjDOWN AND kA/Ew% =OR QUIy ANSWERS: YOUR 'dC9',)/X/ LE WILL RECORD YOUR ANSWER
CHOICES IN THE QUIy MODULES FOR SUBMISSION% aOTH YOUR QUIy ANSWERS AND CODE ANSWERS WILL BE AUTOGRADED ON
4RADESCOPE% /HIS ASSIGNMENT DOES NOT HAuE THE QUIy PORTION%

=OR ALL ELEMENTS: ,9 m9/ l9,-=x /gd bdkkr% 1UT YOUR ANSWERS nNLY IN THE ANSWER CELLS GIuEN: AND
:n NnT :ELETE bELLr% -F YOU FAIL TO FOLLOW THESE INSTRUCTIONS: YOU WILL LOSE POINTS ON YOUR SUBMISSION%

lAjE SURE TO SHOW THE STEPS OF YOUR SOLUTION FOR EuERY QUESTION TO RECEIuE CREDIT: NOT JUST THE NAL ANSWER%
xOU MAY SEARCH INFORMATION ONLINE BUT YOU WILL NEED TO WRITE CODE6ND SOLUTIONS TO ANSWER THE QUESTIONS
YOURSELF% xOU WILL SUBMIT YOUR %IPYNB LE AND RECORD%TXT TO GRADESCOPE WHEN YOU ARE NISHED%

o)o)3 iATE 1nLIbYc

) REDUCTION FOR THE RST DAY AND oz) REDUCTION AFTERWARDS FOR EuERY EXTRA DAY PAST DUE%

o)o)t gnW Tn hNbL2:E xn2? lATH u?ITTEN NrWE?.

xOU COULD USE INLINE k /dw IN MARjDOWN pRECOMMENDED( OR USE MARjDOWNS” INCLUDE IMAGE FUNCTIONALITY TO
SUBMIT YOUR WRITTEN RESPONSES%

i sdw P?EbnMMEN:E:( gERE IS A FANTASTIC TUTORIAL FROM bAL/ECH ABOUT USING k /dw IN iUPYTER mOTEBOOj%%
xOU COULD ALSO ND uARIOUS k /dw TUTORIALS AND CHEAT SHEETS ONLINE%

hNbL2:E hMA5Er -F YOU ARE STILL GETTING FAMILIAR WITH USING kA/Ew: HANDWRITE THE RESPONSE ON PAPER OR THE
STYLUS% /AjE A PICTURE OR SCREENSHOT OF YOUR ANSWER: AND INCLUDE THAT IMAGE IN THE iUPYTER mOTEBOOj% aE SURE

o
TO INCLUDE THAT IMAGE IN THE bIMGr DIRECTORY% kET”S SAY YOU HAuE YOUR +o RESPONSE SAuED AS IMGr6+o)1NGs
THE MARjDOWN SYNTAX TO INCLUDE THAT IMAGE IS =\+o[pIMGr6+o)1NG(%

o)3 hlPOQTANT mOTICE

xOU MUST CHECj BOTH SUBMISSION OUTPUT ON THE GRADESCOPE p rrIGNMdN/ 3 h m9/dB99i AND rrIGNMdN/ 3
h <AN2Ak 4'A,ING( CORRECTLY REECTS YOUR WORj AND RESPONSES% -F YOU NOTICE INCONSISTENCIES BETWEEN YOUR
NOTEBOOj AND THE lANUAL 4RADING PORTION: YOU NEED TO MAjE A 1IAyyA POST: AND WE CAN HELP YOU WITH THAT%

3 .2ESTION oc bONCEPT2Ai .2ESTIONS

lULTIPLE bHOICE rECTION

vRITE YOUR SOLUTION AS A LIST OF STRINGS BY REPLACING THE …f“

dX%c \q q: q]q[ IF YOU THINj THE ANSWERS ARE AND b(%

3)o o)o

-S THE FOLLOWING STATEMENT TRUE OR FALSEq 𝑏 𝑤( IS LINEAR WITH RESPECT TO 𝑤: GIuEN 𝑏 𝑤( < 𝑝2 ) 𝑝4 𝑤 ) 𝑝3 𝑤3
WHERE 𝑤+ 𝑝2 + 𝑝4 + 𝑝3 ≥ 𝑃%

% /RUE
a% =ALSE

onhlTrc 3

-N \o[c Qouo 8 \q*q[ r#i2s-#m

-N \ [c G'A,d')C>dCipq ouoq(

3)3 o)3

…9NEhHOT ENCODING“ IS A STANDARD TECHNIQUE THAT TURNS CATEGORICAL FEATURES INTO GENERAL REAL NUMBERS% -F WE
HAuE A DATASET 𝑅 CONTAINING 𝑘 DATA POINTS WHERE EACH DATA POINT HAS o CATEGORICAL FEATURE% rPECICALLY: THIS

3
CATEGORICAL FEATURE HAS 𝑗 POSSIBLE CATEGORIES% /HUS: THE SHAPE OF THE ONEhHOT ENCODING MATRIX THAT REPRESENTS
THE DATASET 𝑅 ISc

% 𝑗⋅𝑗
a%  ⋅ 𝑗
b% 𝑘 ⋅ 𝑗
,% 𝑘 ⋅ 𝑘

onhlTrc 3

-N \5[c Qou3 8 \q]q[ r#i2s-#m

-N \ [c G'A,d')C>dCipq ou3q(

3)t o)t

SSUME WE HAuE A BINARY CLASSICATION MODELc

)+ 𝑝 − 𝑤 ) 𝑋 ≤ .+
𝑏 X( < 
⎤+ 𝑝 − 𝑤 ) 𝑋 ; .

WHERE THE FEATURE uECTOR 𝑤 < 𝑤4 + 𝑤3 ( ≥ 𝑃3 : BIAS 𝑋 ≥ 𝑃: WEIGHT uECTOR 𝑝 < 𝑝4 + 𝑝3 ( ≥ 𝑃3 % /HE DECISION
BOUNDARY OF THE CLASSICATION MODEL ISc

𝑝−𝑤)𝑋 <.

3)t)o 1A?T PA(

-F THE PREDICTIONS OF THE CLASSIER F AND ITS DECISION BOUNDARY 𝑝 − 𝑤 ) 𝑋 < . ARE SHOWN IN THE GURE BELOW:
WHICH ONE BELOW CAN BE A POSSIBLE SOLUTION OF WEIGHT uECTOR 𝑝 AND BIAS 𝑋q

t
 % 𝑝 < )+ .(9 𝑋 < ⎤

a% 𝑝 < ⎤+ .(9 𝑋 < )

b% 𝑝 < )+ .(9 𝑋 < )

,% 𝑝 < .+ ⎤(9 𝑋 < ⎤

onhlTrc 3

-N \s[c QoutA 8 \q*q[ r#i2s-#m

-N \ [c G'A,d')C>dCipq outAq(

3)t)3 1A?T Pa(

-F THE PREDICTIONS OF THE CLASSIER F AND ITS DECISION BOUNDARY 𝑝 − 𝑤 ) 𝑋 < . ARE SHOWN IN THE GURE BELOW:
WHICH ONE BELOW CAN BE A POSSIBLE SOLUTION OF WEIGHT uECTOR 𝑝 AND BIAS 𝑋q

5
 % 𝑝 < )+ .(9 𝑋 < ⎤

a% 𝑝 < ⎤+ .(9 𝑋 < )

b% 𝑝 < )+ .(9 𝑋 < )

,% 𝑝 < .+ ⎤(9 𝑋 < ⎤

onhlTrc 3

-N \oz[c QoutB 8 \q]q[ r#i2s-#m

-N \ [c G'A,d')C>dCipq outBq(

3)5 o)5

bHOOSE THE MOST SIGNICANT DI0ERENCE BETWEEN REGRESSION AND CLASSICATIONc

% UNSUPERuISED LEARNING uS% SUPERuISED LEARNING

a% PREDICTION OF CONTINUOUS uALUES uS% PREDICTION OF CLASS LABELS

b% FEATURES ARE NOT ONEhHOT ENCODED uS FEATURES ARE ONEhHOT ENCODED


,% NONE OF THE ABOuE

onhlTrc 3

-N \ot[c Qou5 8 \q*q[ r#i2s-#m

-N \ [c G'A,d')C>dCipq ou5q(

3) .2ESTION 3 ,ECISION aO2NDAQV

3)e)o 3)o

vE ARE GIuEN A CLASSIER THAT PERFORMS CLASSICATION IN 𝑃3 pTHE SPACE OF DATA POINTS WITH 3 FEATURES p𝑤4 + 𝑤3 ((
WITH THE FOLLOWING DECISION RULEc

)+ 𝑤4 ) 𝑤3 ⎤  ≤ .+
𝑓 𝑤+ 𝑤( < 
⎤+ OTHERWISE

WHERE 𝑓 X( ≥ ]⎤+ )| IS THE PREDICTED LABEL% 1LEASE SOLuE THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS%

,RAW THE DECISION BOUNDARY OF THE GIuEN CLASSIER AND SHADE THE REGION WHERE THE CLASSIER PREDICTS .o%
lAjE SURE YOU HAuE MARjED THE 𝑤4 AND 𝑤3 AXES AND THE INTERCEPTS ON THOSE AXES%

onhlTrc t

-N \o7[c flon.T mtlou r mo

flon.T l ToknTkfapouoknT r okT

TgE vo ND v3 Oe POINTS ON TgE DEbISION BOUND qx

B92N,A'YuXor 8 N1)kINr1ACdph3: 7: 3z(
rsd1 oc v3S qE b LbUL TED eqOl voS
B92N,A'YuX3r 8 p5 h B92N,A'YuXor( 6 3)z r#i2s-#m

PLOT TgE BOUND qx

1k/)1k9/pB92N,A'YuXor: B92N,A'YuX3r(
1k/)XkIMp\h3)3: 3)3[(
1k/)YkIMp\h3)3: 3)3[(
1k/)ANN9/A/dp"Xo": \3: z)3[: vdIG>/8"B9k,"(
1k/)ANN9/A/dp"X3": \z)3: 3[: vdIG>/8"B9k,"(

7
 GENEq TE SOlE q NDOl D T POINTS
N1)'AN,9M)rdd,pz(
murAM1kdr 8 7z
rAM1kduXor 8 N1)'AN,9M)'AN,pmurAM1kdr( a e h 3
rAM1kduX3r 8 N1)'AN,9M)'AN,pmurAM1kdr( a 7 h 3

PqEDIbT TgE L BELS po Oq ho( Oe TgE S lPLESc gEqE TgE SIGNEDuDIST NbE IS GI_EN Bx TgE E U TIO
rsd1 3
rIGNd,u,Ir/ANCd 8 rAM1kduXor . 3 a rAM1kduX3r h 5 r#i2s-#m
rsd1 t
19rI/I_d 8 rIGNd,u,Ir/ANCd g8 z
NdGA/I_d 8 rIGNd,u,Ir/ANCd l z

PLOT TgE S lPLES

1k/)rCA//d'prAM1kduXor\19rI/I_d[: rAM1kduX3r\19rI/I_d[: C9k9'8qGq: MA'id'8q.q: kABdk8"19rI/I_d
1k/)rCA//d'prAM1kduXor\NdGA/I_d[: rAM1kduX3r\NdGA/I_d[: C9k9'8q'q: MA'id'8quq: kABdk8"NdGA/I_d
1k/)kdGdN,pBB9Xu/9uANC>9'8po)zf: o)z(: k9C8"211d' kd!/"(

AX 8 1k/)GCAp(
AX)r1INdr\"/91"[)rd/uC9k9'p"N9Nd"(
AX)r1INdr\"B9//9M"[)rd/u19rI/I9Np"yd'9"(
AX)r1INdr\"kd!/"[)rd/u19rI/I9Np"yd'9"(
AX)r1INdr\"'IG>/"[)rd/uC9k9'p"N9Nd"(
AX)rd/uX/ICirp \h5: h3: z: 3: 5: 7[(
AX)rd/uY/ICirp \h3: ho: o: 3: t[(
AX)rd/uAr1dC/po(

;
3)7 3)3

vE ARE GIuEN A CLASSIER THAT PERFORMS CLASSICATION ON 𝑃3 pTHE SPACE OF DATA POINTS WITH 3 FEATURES pXo:
X3(( WITH THE FOLLOWING DECISION RULEc

)+ 𝑝4 𝑤4 ) 𝑝3 𝑤3 ) 𝑋 ≤ .+
𝑓 𝑤+ 𝑤( < 
⎤+ OTHERWISE

gERE: THE NORMAL uECTOR 𝑝 OF THE DECISION BOUNDARY IS NORMALIyED: I%E%c

W3 < 𝑝43 ) 𝑝33 < 

po( bOMPUTE THE PARAMETERS 𝑝: 𝑝 AND 𝑋 FOR THE DECISION BOUNDARY IN THE GURE BELOW% 1LEASE MAjE SURE
THE PREDICTIONS FROM THE OBTAINED CLASSIER ARE CONSISTENT WITH THE GURE%

gINTc 1LEASE USE THE INTERCEPTS IN THE GURE BELOW TO ND THE RELATION BETWEEN 𝑝: 𝑝 AND 𝑋% /HEN:
SUBSTITUTE IT INTO THE NORMALIyATION CONSTRAINT TO SOLuE FOR PARAMETERS%

p3( 2SE PARAMETERS FROM THE ABOuE QUESTION TO COMPUTE PREDICTIONS FOR THE FOLLOWING TWO DATA POINTSc
, < + (+ 𝐴 < ⎤+ .(%

e
onhlTrc n

sxP, xnt. lru,. g,.,: .,Pi ahle Tghr T,XTp

po( =ROM THE GIuEN GURE: WE CAN DEDUCE THAT THE 𝑤4 INTERCEPT IS po: z( AND THE 𝑤3 INTERCEPT IS pz: o(

rOLuING FOR 𝑝4 AND 𝑝3 WITH RESPECT TO B IN THE GIuEN FUNCTION USING THE INTERCEPTS YIELDSc 𝑝4 < ⎤𝑋: 𝑝3 < ⎤𝑋:
THEREFORE 𝑝4 < 𝑝3

=ROM THE GURE: THE PREDICTION AT 𝑤4 + 𝑤3 ( < .+ .( IS z: WHICH MEANS

𝑝4 𝑤4 ) 𝑝 3 𝑤3 ) 𝑋 < . ) . ) 𝑋 < 𝑋 ; .

/HUS: 𝑝4 < 𝑝3 < ⎤𝑋 = .% aESIDES: WE HAuEc

W3 <  𝑝4 (3 ) 𝑝4 (3

< 𝑝43
∑
< 𝑝4  
∑
< 𝑝4  < pSINCE 𝑝4 = .(
∑
 
𝑝4 < ∑ <
 

∑ ∑
rINCE 𝑝4 < 𝑝3 : 𝑝3 < ∑4
3
< 3 %
3
rINCE 𝑝4 < ⎤𝑋: 𝑋 < ⎤ 3
3

∑ ∑ ∑
3 : 3 :
3 3 3
𝑝4 < 𝑝3 < 𝑋<⎤ 3

p3( IS PREDICTED AS o: a IS PREDICTED AS z

3)s 3)t

vE ARE GIuEN A CLASSIER THAT PERFORMS CLASSICATION ON √1 pTHE SPACE OF DATA POINTS WITH t FEATURES
𝑤4 + 𝑤3 + 𝑤1 (( WITH THE FOLLOWING DECISION RULEc

+ IF 𝑝4 𝑤4 ) 𝑝3 𝑤3 ) 𝑝1 𝑤1 ) 𝑋 ≤ .
𝑓 𝑤4 + 𝑤 3 + 𝑤 1 ( <
.+ OTHERWISE
gERE: THE NORMAL uECTOR W OF THE DECISION BOUNDARY IS NORMALIyED: I%E%c

W3 < 𝑝43 ) 𝑝33 ) 𝑝13 <  po(

n
-N ADDITION: WE SET 𝑋 ∗ . TO HAuE AN UNIQUE EQUATION FOR THE DECISION BOUNDARY%

po( bOMPUTE THE PARAMETERS 𝑝4 : 𝑝3 : 𝑝1 AND 𝑋 FOR THE DECISION BOUNDARY THAT PASSES THROUGH THREE POINTS
, < + + (: 𝐴 < ⎤+ .+ (: 𝐵 < + + ( IN THE GURE BELOW%

gINTc 1LEASE USE THE INTERCEPTS IN THE GURE BELOW TO ND THE RELATION BETWEEN 𝑝4 + 𝑝3 + 𝑝1 AND 𝑋% /HEN:
SUBSTITUTE IT INTO THE NORMALIyATION CONSTRAINT TO SOLuE FOR PARAMETERS%

p3( 2SE PARAMETERS FROM THE ABOuE QUESTION TO COMPUTE PREDICTIONS FOR THE FOLLOWING TWO DATA POINTSc
𝐶 < .+ .+ .(: 𝐷 < + .+ (%

onhlTrc oz

sxP, xnt. lru,. g,.,: .,Pi ahle Tghr T,XTp

po( ,𝐴 < ⎤+ ⎤+ ⎤(

oz
,𝐵 < + ⎤+ (
ℎ  𝑗
,𝐴 ⋅ ,𝐵 < ⎢
⎣ ⎤ ⎤ ⎤⎥
⎦
{ ⎤ ⎡
< ⎤( ( ⎤ ⎤( ⎤((ℎ ⎤ ⎤( ( ⎤ ( ⎤(( )  ⎤ ⎤((𝑗
< ⎤ℎ )  ) 5𝑗
mORMALIyING THIS uECTORc

∑ ∑ ∑
W <  ⎤(3 ) 3 ) 53 < 5 )  ) 5 < 5 <  

⎤3 ∑4  ∑1 𝑗
,𝐴 ⋅ ,𝐵 < ∑
48
ℎ ) 48
) 48

/O SOLuE FOR 𝑋: PICj AN ARBITRARY POINT 𝐸 ON THE PLANE%

vE CAN CREATE A uECTOR ON THE PLANE 𝐴𝐸 SUCH THAT 𝐴𝐸 8 ; 𝑝4 ) : 𝑝3 : 𝑝1 ⎤  = AND SOLuE FOR 𝑋c

⎤  
∑ 𝑝4 ) ( ) ∑ 𝑝3 ) ∑ 𝑝1 ⎤ ( < .
  
⎤    5
∑ 𝑝4 ⎤ ∑ ) ∑ 𝑝3 ) ∑ 𝑝1 ⎤ ∑ < .
    
⎤   7
∑ 𝑝4 ) ∑ 𝑝3 ) ∑ 𝑝1 ⎤ ∑ < .
   

=ROM THIS EQUATION WE GET 𝑋 < ⎤}

∑
48

𝑝4 < ⎤3
∑
48
: 𝑝3 < ∑4 :
48
𝑝1 < ∑1 :
48
𝑋< ⎤}
∑
48

p3( 𝐶 SHOULD BE PREDICTED AS z: 𝐷 SHOULD BE PREDICTED AS o

3)e 3)5

-N THIS PROBLEM: WE ATTEMPT TO OBTAIN THE OPTIMAL PARAMETERS W× AND 𝑋× BY USING A STANDARD GRADIENT DESCENT
ALGORITHM% SSUME 𝑚𝑇 < 𝑚 𝑥𝑇 𝑤𝑇 (: SOLuE FOR THE GRADIENT FOR W AND THE GRADIENT FOR B%

vE ARE GIuEN A CLASSIER THAT PERFORMS CLASSICATION IN √3 pTHE SPACE OF DATA POINTS WITH 3 FEATURES 𝑤4 + 𝑤3 ((
WITH THE FOLLOWING DECISION RULEc
)+ IF 𝑤34 ) 𝑤33 ⎤  ≤ .
𝑓 𝑤4 + 𝑤 3 ( <
⎤+ OTHERWISE

,RAW THE DECISION BOUNDARY OF THE CLASSIER AND SHADE THE REGION WHERE THE CLASSIER PREDICTS .o% lAjE
SURE YOU HAuE MARjED THE 𝑤4 AND 𝑤3 AXES AND THE INTERCEPTS ON THOSE AXES%

oo
onhlTrc t

-N \os[c flon.T mtlou r mo

flon.T l ToknTkfapouoknT r okT

Xz 8 z r#i2s-#m
Yz 8 z r#i2s-#m
' 8 t r#i2s-#m

CI'Ckd 8 1k/)]I'Ckdpp Xz : Yz (: ': !Ikk8e krd( pvzc xz( IS TgE bENTEq Oe TgE bIqbLE ND q IS

PLOT TgE BOUND qx

PLT)PLOTpBOUND qxuvoSc BOUND qxuv3S(
1k/)XkIMp\h5: 5[(
1k/)YkIMp\h5: 5[(
1k/)ANN9/A/dp"Xo": \h5: 5[: vdIG>/8"B9k,"(
1k/)ANN9/A/dp"X3": \h5: 5[: vdIG>/8"B9k,"(

GENEq TE SOlE q NDOl D T POINTS

N1)'AN,9M)rdd,pz(
murAM1kdr 8 7z
rAM1kduXor 8 N1)'AN,9M)'AN,pmurAM1kdr( a e h 5
rAM1kduX3r 8 N1)'AN,9M)'AN,pmurAM1kdr( a e h 5

PqEDIbT TgE L BELS po Oq ho( Oe TgE S lPLESc gEqE TgE SIGNEDuDIST NbE IS GI_EN Bx TgE E U TIO
rsd1 3
rIGNd,u,Ir/ANCd 8 rAM1kduXor aa 3 . rAM1kduX3r aa 3 h n r#i2s-#m
rsd1 t
19rI/I_d 8 rIGNd,u,Ir/ANCd g8 z
NdGA/I_d 8 rIGNd,u,Ir/ANCd l z

PLOT TgE S lPLES

1k/)rCA//d'prAM1kduXor\19rI/I_d[: rAM1kduX3r\19rI/I_d[: C9k9'8qGq: MA'id'8q.q: kABdk8"19rI/I_d
1k/)rCA//d'prAM1kduXor\NdGA/I_d[: rAM1kduX3r\NdGA/I_d[: C9k9'8q'q: MA'id'8quq: kABdk8"NdGA/I_d
1k/)kdGdN,pBB9Xu/9uANC>9'8po)zf: o)z(: k9C8"211d' kd!/"(

AX 8 1k/)GCAp(
AX)A,,uA'/Ir/pCI'Ckd(
AX)r1INdr\"/91"[)rd/uC9k9'p"N9Nd"(
AX)r1INdr\"B9//9M"[)rd/u19rI/I9Np"yd'9"(
AX)r1INdr\"kd!/"[)rd/u19rI/I9Np"yd'9"(
AX)r1INdr\"'IG>/"[)rd/uC9k9'p"N9Nd"(
AX)rd/uX/ICirp \h5: h3: z: 3: 5[(
AX)rd/uY/ICirp \ht: h3: ho: o: 3: t[(
AX)rd/uAr1dC/po(

o3
t .2ESTION t

t)o t)o 82NCTION ,E0NED BV rCAiAQS

ℝ𝑏 𝑝(
po( 4IuEN A FUNCTION 𝑏 𝑝( < 𝑥4 ⎤ 𝑝𝑤4 (3 WHERE 𝑤4 + 𝑥4 ( < + ( REPRESENTS A DATA POINT: DERIuE %
ℝ𝑝
p3( 4IuEN A FUNCTION 𝑏 𝑝( < ∈𝑇≥]403| 𝑥𝑇 ⎤ 𝑝𝑤𝑇 (3 WHERE 𝑤4 + 𝑥4 ( < + (+ 𝑤3 + 𝑥3 ( < + ( ARE TWO DATA
ℝ𝑏 𝑝(
POINTS: DERIuE %
ℝ𝑝

onhlTrc e

sxP, xnt. lru,. g,.,: .,Pi ahle Tghr T,XTp

po(

ot
 ℝ𝑏 𝑝(
<  𝑥4 ⎤ 𝑝𝑤4 ( ⎤𝑤4 (
ℝ𝑝
<   ⎤ 𝑝( ⎤(
<  ⎤ 𝑝( ⎤(
< 𝑝 ⎤ 

p3(

ℝ𝑏 𝑝(
<   𝑥𝑇 ⎤ 𝑝𝑤𝑇 ( ⎤𝑤𝑇 (
ℝ𝑝 𝑇≥]403|

<  ⎤𝑥𝑇 𝑤𝑇 ) 𝑝𝑤3𝑇

𝑇≥]403|

< ⎤𝑥4 𝑤4 ) 𝑝𝑤34 ) ⎤𝑥3 𝑤3 ) 𝑝𝑤33

< ⎤ ( ( ) 𝑝 (3 ) ⎤ ( ( ) 𝑝 (3
< ⎤ ) 𝑝 ) ⎤ ) 7𝑝
< .𝑝 ⎤ 

t)3 t)3 82NCTION ,E0NED BV uECTOQS

ℝ𝑏 𝑝(
4IuEN A FUNCTION 𝑏 𝑝( < Y ⎤ 𝑝X(𝑦 Y ⎤ 𝑝X( WHERE X < >+ [𝑦 AND Y < >+ [𝑦 : DERIuE %
ℝ𝑝

mnTEc -N 𝑏 𝑝(: 𝑝 ≥ √ IS STILL A SCALAR%

onhlTrc ;

sxP, xnt. lru,. g,.,: .,Pi ahle Tghr T,XTp

lETHOD oc

𝑏 𝑝( < Y ⎤ 𝑝X(𝑦 Y ⎤ 𝑝X(

< Y𝑦 Y ⎤ 𝑝X𝑦 Y ⎤ 𝑝Y𝑦 X ) 𝑝3 X𝑦 X
< . ⎤ 6𝑝 ⎤ 6𝑝 ) 𝑝3
< 𝑝3 ⎤ 𝑝 ) .
ℝ𝑏 𝑝(
< .𝑝 ⎤ 
ℝ𝑝

o5
lETHOD 3c

ℝ𝑏 𝑝( ℝ Y ⎤ 𝑝X( ℝ Y ⎤ 𝑝X(
< ( − Y ⎤ 𝑝X( ) Y ⎤ 𝑝X( − (
ℝ𝑝 ℝ𝑝 ℝ𝑝
< ⎤X(𝑦 Y ⎤ 𝑝X( ) Y ⎤ 𝑝X(𝑦 ⎤X(
mOW PLUG IN FOR X < >+ [𝑦 AND Y < >+ [𝑦
< >+ [ >+ [𝑦 ⎤ 𝑝>+ [𝑦 ( ) >+ [𝑦 ⎤ 𝑝>+ [𝑦 (𝑦 >⎤+ ⎤[𝑦
< >+ [ >+ [𝑦 ⎤ 𝑝>+ [𝑦 ( ) >+ [ ⎤ 𝑝>+ [(>⎤+ ⎤[𝑦
< ⎤6 ) 𝑝( ) ⎤6 ) 𝑝(
< .𝑝 ⎤ 

5 .2ESTION 5

-N THIS QUESTION: WE STILL USE THE -RIS DATASET FROM gOMEWORj o +UESTION 7% -N FACT: YOU CAN SEE THE SHAPE OF
ARRAY 𝑆 IS .+ ( BY RUNNING wprg P,: WHICH MEANS IT CONTAINS oz DATA POINTS WHERE EACH HAS 5 FEATURES%
gERE: WE WILL PERFORM SOME BASIC DATA MANIPULATION AND CALCULATE SOME STATISTICSc

-N \oe[c flon.T l ToknTkfapouoknT r okT

F.nl rikd .m flon.T ,A/Ard/r

iO D -qIS , T SET
I'Ir 8 ,A/Ard/r)k9A,uI'Irp(
w 8 I'Ir),A/A
x 8 I'Ir)/A'Gd/

po( ,IuIDE ARRAY 𝑆 EuENLY TO uE SUBSETS OF DATA POINTSc

4ROUP oc oST TO tzTH DATA POINT:

4ROUP 3c toST TO 7zTH DATA POINT:

4ROUP tc 7oST TO nzTH DATA POINT:

4ROUP 5c noST TO o3zTH DATA POINT:

4ROUP c o3oST TO ozTH DATA POINT%

/HEN CALCULATE THE MEAN OF FEATURE uECTORS IN EACH GROUP% xOUR RESULTS SHOULD BE uE 5hDIMENSIONAL uECTORS
pI%E% SHAPE OF mUM1Y ARRAY CAN BE + (: + ( OR + (%

o
onhlTrc 

-N \on[c bdF Q5uopA''AY(c

d -m r#i2s-#m
Xo 8 N1)A''AYpA''AY\ctz:c[(
MdANuG'921o 8 N1)MdANpXo: AXIr 8 z(

X3 8 N1)A''AYpA''AY\tzc7z: c[(
MdANuG'9213 8 N1)MdANpX3: AXIr 8 z(

Xt 8 N1)A''AYpA''AY\7zcnz: c[(
MdANuG'921t 8 N1)MdANpXt: AXIr 8 z(

X5 8 N1)A''AYpA''AY\nzco3z: c[(
MdANuG'9215 8 N1)MdANpX5: AXIr 8 z(

Xf 8 N1)A''AYpA''AY\o3zc: c[(
MdANuG'921f 8 N1)MdANpXf: AXIr 8 z(
dm, r#i2s-#m
.dTt.m MdANuG'921o: MdANuG'9213: MdANuG'921t: MdANuG'9215: MdANuG'921f

5)o 5)3

?EMOuE 3ND AND tRD FEATURES FROM ARRAY 𝑆: RESULTING A . ⋅  MATRIX% /HEN CALCULATE THE MEAN OF ALL
FEATURE uECTORS% xOUR RESULT SHOULD BE A 3hDIMENSIONAL uECTOR%

onhlTrc t

-N \3f[c bdF Q5u3pA''AY(c

d -m r#i2s-#m
wu,dk 8 N1),dkd/dpA''AY: \o:3[: AXIr 8 o(
MdANu,dk 8 N1)MdANpwu,dk: AXIr 8 z(
dm, r#i2s-#m
.dTt.m MdANu,dk

5)3 5)t

?EMOuE LAST oz DATA POINTS FROM ARRAY 𝑆: RESULTING A . ⋅  MATRIX% /HEN CALCULATE THE MEAN OF FEATURE
uECTORS% xOUR RESULT SHOULD BE A 5hDIMENSIONAL uECTOR%

onhlTrc t

-N \3s[c bdF Q5utpA''AY(c

o7
 d -m r#i2s-#m
wu,dkoz 8 A''AY\choz: c[
MdANu,dk 8 N1)MdANpwu,dkoz: AXIr 8 z(

dm, r#i2s-#m
.dTt.m MdANu,dk

 dND OF 3

-N \ [c

)o r2BlISSION

lAjE SURE YOU HAuE RUN ALL CELLS IN YOUR NOTEBOOj IN ORDER BEFORE RUNNING THE CELL BELOW: SO THAT ALL
IMAGES6GRAPHS APPEAR IN THE OUTPUT% /HE CELL BELOW WILL GENERATE A yIP LE FOR YOU TO SUBMIT%

1LEASE MAjE SURE TO SEE THE OUTPUT OF THE GRADESCOPE AUTOGRADER% xOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR WAITING AND
ENSURING THAT THE AUTOGRADER IS EXECUTING NORMALLY FOR YOUR SUBMISSION% 1LEASE CREATE A CAMPUSWIRE POST IF
YOU SEE ERRORS IN AUTOGRADER EXECUTION%

-N \ [c G'A,d')dX19'/p1,!8e krd: !9'CdurA_d8s.td: '2Nu/dr/r8s.td: !Ikdr8\"IMGr": "'dQ2I'dMdN/r)/X/"[(

o;