NAME :

LUCKY CORDELIA ESEOHE

MATRIC NUMBER :
EDU1802860
COURSE CODE:
ADE 412
COURSE TITLE :
POPULATION EDUCATION
ASSIGNMENT:
1. DISCUSS THE TARGET OF BOTH 1988 AND 2004 NPP.
2.DISCUSS THE WEAKNESSES IN THE
IMPLEMENTATION
STRATEGY AND MAKE APPROPRIATE
RECOMMENDATION
3. DISCUSS THE POLICY
 THE TARGET OF 1988 AND 2004 NATIONAL POPULATION POLICY

The 1988 NPP targets are as follows:

I. To reduce the population growth rate to 2.5% per annum by the year 2000.
II. To achieve a total fertility rate of 4.0 children per woman by the year 2000.
III. To achieve replacement-level fertility of 2.1 children per woman by the year 2010.
IV. To reduce infant mortality rate to 50 per 1000 live births by the year 2000.
V. To achieve universal access to primary healthcare by the year 2000.
VI. To provide access to safe water supply and sanitation to all Nigerians by the year 2000.
VII. To increase literacy rate to 70% by the year 2000.
VIII. To reduce the incidence of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections
(STIs).
IX. The policy emphasized the need to increase the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) to
44% by the year 2000, and to ensure universal access to family planning services.
X. The policy recognized the importance of gender equality and aimed to promote
women's empowerment, increase women's participation in decision-making processes,
and reduce gender-based discrimination.
XI. The policy emphasized the need to integrate population issues into overall socio-
economic development plans and programs, including education, employment, and
poverty alleviation.

Weaknesses in the implementation startegy of the 1988 National Population

policy
I. One of the limitations of the 1988 National Population.The policy's implementation
required significant financial resources, but the government did not allocate enough
funds to support the implementation process.
 II. The implementation of the policy lacked proper coordination among the various
stakeholders, including the government, civil society organizations, and international
development partners. This led to duplication of efforts and inefficient use of resources.
III. Another weakness of the implementation strategy of the 1999 NPP was the lack of
political will from the government to implement the policy fully. The policy was not
given priority, and this hindered the allocation of adequate resources to support its
implementation.
IV. Cultural and religious beliefs also posed a significant challenge to theimplementation of
the policy. Some communities opposed the policy's implementation, especially those
related to family planning and reproductive health, which made it difficult to achieve the
desired results.

The 2004 NPP Targets are as follows:

I. The policy aimed to achieve replacement level fertility, which is the level of fertility
that will result in a stable population size over the long term. The specific target was to
reduce the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) to 2.1 or below by 2010.

II. The policy emphasized addressing gender disparities in population-related issues, such
as access to healthcare, education, and economic opportunities. It aimed to promote
gender equality, eliminate gender-based discrimination, and empower women.

III. The policy aimed to improve access to quality reproductive health services, including
family planning, maternal and child health services, and prevention and management of
sexually transmitted infections.

IV. The policy recognized the unique health and development needs of adolescents and
youth, and aimed to promote their reproductive health, education, and social well-
being.
 V. The policy emphasized integrating population concerns into national and local
development plans, promoting sustainable resource management, and addressing
population-related challenges in urbanization and migration.

Weaknesses in the implementation strategy of the 2004 National population

policy

I. Inadequate funding: The policy was not adequately funded, which made it difficult to
implement the various programmes and activities outlined in the policy.
II. Poor coordination: The policy lacked effective coordination among the various
stakeholders involved in its implementation. This led to duplication of efforts and
inefficient use of resources.
III. Limited public awareness: The policy lacked adequate public awareness, which made it
difficult to get the buy-in of the general public and other stakeholders.
IV. Weak institutional capacity: The institutions responsible for implementing the policy
lacked the necessary capacity and resources to effectively execute the policy.
V. The lack of effective monitoring and evaluation mechanisms is another weakness of the
2004 NPP. There is a dearth of reliable data on the progress of the policy, making it
difficult to assess its impact and effectiveness.
VI. The 2004 NPP has not been fully integrated into the existing structures of the
government, making it difficult to implement effectively.
Cultural and religious barriers are some of the challenges affecting the implementation
of the 2004 NPP. Some communities are resistant to the policy due to their cultural or
religious beliefs.

Recommendation
I. Increase funding: The government should allocate more funds towards the
implementation of the policy. This will enable the successful execution of the various
programmes and activities outlined in the policy.
II. Improve coordination: The government should establish an effective coordination
mechanism among the various stakeholders involved in the policy's implementation.
This will help to ensure efficient use of resources and avoid duplication of efforts.
III. Enhance public awareness: The government should launch an aggressive public
awareness campaign to educate the general public and other stakeholders about the
policy's objectives, benefits, and implementation strategies.
IV. Strengthen institutional capacity: The government should provide the necessary
resources and capacity-building programmes to strengthen the institutions responsible
for implementing the policy.
V. Ensure political will: The government should demonstrate a stronger commitment to
the policy's implementation. This can be achieved by making the policy a priority and
providing the necessary resources to ensure its success.

VI. Effective monitoring and evaluation mechanisms should be established by the

government to track the progress of the policy on order identify areas that needs
improvement.
VII. Working with cultural and religious leaders to address concerns.
REFERENCE

Adekunle, A.O. and E.O. Otolorin. 2000. “Evaluation of the Nigerian Population
Policy—Myth or Reality?” African Journal of Medical Science 29(3–4):305–310.