DRUG CLASSIFICATION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING
CONSIDERATION Pantoprazole Proton-pump inhibitor Decreases the amount of • Vitamin B-12 1. Instruct not to crush acid produced in the deficiency or chew the tablet. stomach, therefore • Kidney 2. Observe for signs indicated for the ff patients: complications of • GERD • Diarrhea hypomagnesemia • Acid peptic disease • Decreased bone such as dizziness, • Stomach ulcers health (sudden pain tremors, spasms, or decreased ROM) etc. • Dizziness 3. Monitor bone • Irregular HR fractures or sudden • Tremors/jerking bone pain. muscle 4. Monitor urine movements/spasms output (decrease can cause acute interstitial nephritis) 5. Observe for signs of vit B-12 deficiency (due to achlorhydria or hypochlorhydia) Imdur Nitrate/Anti-anginal agents Prevention of angina • Headache 1. Assess early pectoris due to coronary • Lightheadedness symptoms of heart artery disease (not for the • Irregular HR attack (chest actual onset) pain/pressure spreading to jaw or Works by dilating blood shoulder or general vessels ill feeling) 2. Instruct to not stop taking this medicine suddenly (could cause severe anginal attack) 3. Check BP (contraindicated for low BP) Piptazo (Piperacilin- Beta-lactamase inhibitors To treat bacterial infections • Severe stomach 1. Watch out for signs Tazobactam) (such as stomach pain of anaphylaxis. infections, pneumonia, and • Diarrhea (bloody or 2. Monitor bowel uterine infections) watery) movement. • Confusion 3. Report signs of low • Muscle twitching potassium levels. • Low potassium level (leg cramps, constipation, irregular HR, numbness, and muscle weakness) • Seizure • Nausea Budesonide Corticosteroids For bronchial asthma • Headache 1. Continuously (nebulization) • Rash assess pulmonary • Otitis media function through • Bronchospasm breath sounds and • Abdominal pain RR (to assess for • Oropharyngeal effectiveness). fungal infections 2. Teach patient on proper use of inhalation techniques. Memantine N-methyl-D-aspartate To treat moderate to • Headache 1. Guard against fall (NMDA) receptor severe dementia • Sleepiness and trauma caused antagonist (decreases abnormal • Dizziness by SEs. activity in the brain) • Hallucinations 2. Help pt and - May improve the family/caregivers to ability to think and explore remember or may nonpharmacologic slow the loss of methods to reduce these abilities combative - Not a CURE episodes and mood disorders. 3. Report prolonged headaches or skin rash to address symptomatic SEs to promote comfort. Combivent (Albuterol Bronchodilator To prevent bronchospasm • Infection of ears, 1. Ensure adequate and Ipratropium) combinations (Anti- (tightening and narrowing nose, and throat hydration to cholinergic and beta2- of airways) • Runny nose prevent adrenergic agonist) hyperpyrexia. • Cough 2. Use nebulizer • Bronchitis mouthpiece instead • Headache of face mask to • Shortness of breath avoid blurred vision • Paradoxical or aggravation of bronchospasm narrow-angle • Urinary retention glaucoma. • Palpitations 3. Void before urination to avoid • Chest pain urinary retention. • HBP 4. Teach proper use • Tremors of inhaler. • Dry mouth 5. Decrease level of • Narrow-angle activity to prevent glaucoma risks for fall and injury. Amlodipine Calcium-channel blocker Angina pectoris and • Dizziness 1. Monitor pt closely hypertension • Lightheadedness especially BP • Fatigue/lethargy 2. Take with meals. • Peripheral edema 3. Report irregular • Arrythmias heartbeat, • Nausea shortness of • Abdominal breath, dizziness, discomfort and swelling of hands and feet. Trimetazidine Fatty acid oxidation Angina pectoris • Dizziness 1. Avoid activities. inhibitors (piperazine • Headache 2. Monitor v/s derivative) • Diarrhea • Indigestion • Extrapyramidal symptoms (trembling, shaking of hands and fingers, stiffness of arms and legs) NAC (Acetylycysteine) Mucolytic Help thin and loosen • Dry mouth 1. Assess the quantity mucus in the airways due • Nausea and consistency of to lung diseases. • Vomiting sputum to • Diarrhea determine Also, for acetaminophen effectiveness of the overdose. drug. 2. Do back clapping to loosen secretions. Risperidone Atypical antipsychotics To treat certain • Feeling sleepy 1. Maintain seizure (2nd-generation) mental/mood disorders during the day and precaution. (schizophrenia, bipolar wide awake at night 2. Instruct not to take disorder, psychosis, • Decreased ROM with tea and cola. irritability related to autistic • Dyskinesia 3. Monitor closely for disorders, etc.) • Headache s/s of DM due to • Changes in insulin resistance Dementia-related appetite and hyperglycemia psychosis • Dizziness caused by the • Seizure medication. Lactulose Osmotic laxative Used as a laxative in the • Diarrhea 1. Assess abdominal treatment of chronic • Bloating distention, BM, and constipation in adults and • Burping presence of bowel geriatric patients • Farting sounds. • Stomach rumbling 2. Assess amount and Most do not need medical consistency of attention. stool. 3. Increase fluid intake to avoid dehydration.
Rosuvastatin HMG-CoA reductase Slows down production of • Nausea 1. Encourage simple
inhibitors (statins) cholesterol in the body • Constipation meals. Lessen fatty and spicy foods. 2. Eat a high fiber diet. 3. Take after a meal or snack.