MAKERERE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION AND EXTERNAL STUDIES

STUDENT’S NAME: Kalyango Brian

REGISTRATION NO. : 21/U/ 0764 ( DEAD YEAR)

STUDENT’S NO. : 2100700764

COURSE : BACHELOR OF SCIENCE WITH EDUCATION

COURSE NAME : Plant form, structure and classification

COURSE CODE : BIO 1203

YEAR : ONE

SEMESTER : TWO

LECTURER : MR. KANSIKME EDWARD

QUESTION : Plant form biology practical

DATE: 5th, May, 2023

Provided the following

X- Monocotyledonous(panicum maxima)grass

Y- Dicotyledonous (Amaranthus)

Z- Hibiscus flower

1. State the kingdom and phylum of each specimen

a) what are the two classes of angiosperms

b) Give 5 examples of angiosperms with one cotyledon and 5 of those with two cotyledons

2. Examine leaflet of specimen X and Y with both naked eyes and microscopes , make detailed drawing
of each leaflet

b) Describe the lead shape, venation and arrangement on the specimen

C) name other types of leaf arrangements in angiosperms

3. Describe flowers of X , Y and Z

b) draw floral diagram of Z and write the floral formula

C) describe the arrangement of the floral components example the corolla

d) define the following; (i ) monoecious (ii) dioecious

4. Outline 5 importance of angiosperms to our global temporary societies

5. Classify X, Y and Z into their family grouping

b) with reference to plant forms and structure, define clearly the following broad groups of angiosperms

Herbs, Shrubs, Lianas, and Trees

Kingdom and Phylum:

X: Kingdom Plantae, Phylum Angiospermae

Y: Kingdom Plantae, Phylum Angiospermae

Z: Kingdom Plantae, Phylum Anthophyta

a) The two classes of angiosperms are Monocotyledonae and Dicotyledonae.

b) Examples of angiosperms with one cotyledon: wheat, rice, orchids, corns, lilies.
Examples of angiosperms with two cotyledons: peas, sunflowers, beans , maple trees, oak trees

Leaf Examination:

X: The leaflet of X is long and, narrow, with parallel venation. Alternate leaf arrangement

Y: The leaflet of Y is broad and ovate with network venation. Alternate leaf arrangement.

c) Other leaf arrangement types in angiosperms are opposite, whorled, and basal.

Flower Examination:

X: The flower of X is a spikelet, with small greenish-yellow flowers arranged in clusters along the stem.

Y: The flower of Y is a terminal panicle, with small greenish-yellow flowers arranged in clusters.

Z: The flower of Z is a large hibiscus flower with pink or red petals and a prominent pistil and stamen.

b) Floral diagram of Z:

/\

/ \

/ \

P A

/\

/ \

G G

Floral formula of Z:

⚥ (Hermaphrodite Flower)

K5 (Pentamerous Flower)

C5 (Five Sepals)

P5 (Five Petals)

A∞ (Numerous Stamens)

G(5) (Five Fused Carpels)

= K5 C5 A∞ G1
c) The corolla refers to the petals of the flower. In Z, the corolla is large and showy, with pink or red
petals arranged in a spiral.

d) (i) Monoecious refers to a plant that has separate male and female flowers on the same plant.

(ii) Dioecious refers to a plant that has male and female flowers on separate plants.

Importance of Angiosperms

Source of food to various organisms.

Source of herbal medicine to people

Angiosperm flowers are used for decoration

Create habitats for different organisms .

They are a source of firewood.

Family Grouping and Plant Forms:

X: Poaceae family, Herbaceous

Y: Amaranthaceae family, Herbaceous

Z: Malvaceae family, Herbaceous shrub or small tree

b) Herbs are seed bearing non-woody plant with stems that die back every year, such as grasses and
wildflowers.

Shrubs are seed bearing woody plants with multiple main stems above the ground and a height of less
than 6 meters, Have persistent stems. such as bushes and hedges.

Lianas are woody plants that climb on other plants or structures for support, such as Rhus, attilae.

4b

1. PROCEDURE: Mixed 1g of D with 5ml of distilled water, stirred well and added 3 drops of iodine
solution and shaken

Observation: Turbid solution turned to black solution

Conclusion: much starch present.

2. Procedure: Added 5ml of distilled water to lg of E, stirred well and filtered with a sieve, added 3
drops of Sudan’s solution and then heated.

Observation: Clear solution turned to red solution

Conclusion: Much fats present