1/ Smoking not only harms the smoker, but also those who are nearby.

Therefore, smoking should be banned in public places.

Medical studies have shown that smoking not only harms the smoker but also
the people nearby. As a result of this, many believe that smoking should not be
allowed in public places. Although there are arguments on both sides, I strongly
agree that a ban is the most appropriate course of action.

To begin, there are many drawbacks of smoking which have progressive

impacts on both individual and environmental levels. (1) First and foremost, it
increases the risk of many health related issues in human beings, due to the
presence of disease producing chemicals in tobacco . For instance, a rising trend
of lung related diseases, like tuberculosis and lung cancer, has been reported in
smokers. (2) Furthermore, the smoke not only damages the body of the smoker,
but also results in many unfavourable outcomes in the surrounding people.
(3)Moreover, it is very stressful and challenging for non-smokers to work in
smoking places. So, there is an urgent need to halt smoking in populated areas.

There is, however, a faction that claims that there are some challenges in
preventing public smoking. Firstly, many resources will be consumed to
construct specified smoking areas to restrict smoking at work place and other
public places. Simultaneously, there might be no checks and balances on people
who are constrained to stay in specific smoking places.

To recap, although there are few disadvantages of stopping people from

smoking publicly, it has many beneficial impacts. I strongly agree to halt
smoking in populated areas because it will remarkably decline the percentage of
health related problems. Moreover in the same way, it can aid in developing a
comfortable environment at the workplace ,as well as at other public places like
shopping malls, restaurants and public transport.
Topic 1

Nowadays, young people tend to change their job from officers in

corporations to start up a business. This is a trend of young people, especially
in big cities of Vietnam. What are the reasons?

Topic 2

Children become more overweight. Some argue that school should spend
more time on physical education to solve this ? Discuss the reasons and give
some possible solutions.

Topic 3
“ Brain drain, the movement of highly skilled and educated people leaving
their country to work in another country, has become one of the most
worrying problems recently, more and more educated and talented experts
have moved from developing countries to rich and developed countries
seeking for more opportunities to develop and have a better life. This has
greatly affected the developing countries.”

Write an essay to discuss the causes and suggest some possible solutions to
deal with this problem.

Topic 5

Tourism has become one of the fastest growing industry in most countries. A
lot of places in the world rely on tourism as a main source of income. While
some people may argue that the fast development of tourism has had negative
effects on local communities. Others think that its influences are positives.

(Discuss the cause/ effects of tourism)

Topic 7

Human population is growing at a rate of approximately 78 million people

per year. Over 7 billion people living on the planet today is estimated to reach
between 8 billion by 2050 and up to 15 billion by 2100. According to Steven
Jones, head of the biology department at University London, humans are
100,000 times more than we should be. For this reason, the human
population is among the most pressing environmental issues nowadays.
 Discuss the effects of human overpopulation (bùng nổ dân số)

Topic 9

Traffic accidents have been a serious problem in many countries. Despite

improvements in vehicle technology, there are still large numbers of road accidents.
On average roads kills 9000 people every year per day and leave thousands of
others with life time injuries. Road safety is a great concern to the public and
Government. Discuss the causes of traffic accidents and suggest measures

Topic 8

Currently, there is a wide choice of TV programs in many parts of the world.

However, instead of watching education programs or news, more people
prefer to watch game shows, movies or comedy to relax. As a result, this has
negatively affected knowledge acquisition among young generations.

Discuss the possible causes of the above tendency.

In recent years, instead of watching education programs or news, more people

prefer to watch game shows, movies, or comedy to relax. There are several
reasons behind this tendency and I would argue that it has an impact on society.
In this essay, I am going to discuss a few of the reasons behind this
phenomenon, and what we can do to address it. (trình bày)

It can be noted that there are some important reasons why more people prefer to
watch game shows, movies, or comedy to relax instead of watching education
programs or news. Firstly, educational programs often will not interest viewers
because the content is not attractive. For instance, educational programs are
only about knowledge and do not have animated videos. This leads to boredom
for the viewers. In addition, knowledge and news which are viewers can watch
on the Internet or newspapers every day. Thus, most viewers will choose to
watch game shows or comedy on TV to relax.

Secondly, the fact that viewers watch TV as a gadget of entertainment. To be

precise, most people watch TV in their free time. After a hectic study or work
schedule, they always want to expect to relax programs. In addition, while
entertainment programs are shown at peak hours is a professional way,
education programs are not generally shown to the public in a similar way. This
leads to education programs lose their viewers drastically.

In conclusion, there are some negative impacts in more people prefer to watch
game shows, movies or comedy to relax instead of watching education
programs or news this view and the causes of this phenomenon should be
addressed urgently.

Topic1: Nowadays, young people tend to change their job from officers in
corporations to start up a business. This is a trend of young people, especially
in big cities of Vietnam. What are the reasons?

1/In recent years, entrepreneurship has become an increasingly popular trend

among young people in Viet Nam, especially in big cities. There are a number
of reasons for this trend, which is having a significant impact on the way the
young generation works and makes money. In this essay, I will explore the
reasons for this trend.

It can be noted that there are some important reasons why young people love to
start up a business because of some following reasons. The first reason I would
mention is that young people want to live with their passion and dedication.
They are full of enthusiasm and ability to develop their knowledge according to
the development of technology. Thus, they are more confident and brave in
order to face difficult problems when starting up such as finance, personnel and
facilities and so on.

The second reason could be explained is that the youth chose to start a business
in nowadays, because they want to do a free job. Today, many young people do
not want to be limited by the rules of the company and the management of their
superior. Moreover, people are really bored with office work which is eight
hours per day, so they do not have much time for themselves.

In conclusion, young people tend to change their job from officers in

corporations to start up a business, which is caused by several factors and this
problem might bring about serious influences on their life.

2/ In recent years, starting a business has become a trendy trend among young people,
notably in Vietnam's major cities. There are a number of reasons behind this tendency and I
would argue that it has an impact on society. In this essay, I am going to discuss a few of the
reasons behind this phenomenon.

To begin with, there are several reasons why young people are enthralled by the prospect of
starting a business. The first reason is due to the fact that they wish to get wealthy. Office
workers' pay is insufficient to fulfill their spending demands. They desire more money so
they may eat well, maintain a good appearance, and care for their families.

The second reason is freedom. They will not be constrained while beginning a business; they
will be able to work according to their experience and interests. This is also a chance for them
to demonstrate their willpower and endurance.

Finally, they can improve their soft skills. For example, when starting a business, they also
have to learn how to create spreadsheets, balance budgets, negotiate leases, and countless
other skills. Bbecause they might not didn't have any other human resources at the time.
Although learning these abilities is tough and time consuming intensive, they will be
extremely beneficial in the long term and . They will be extremely beneficial to you
throughout their your life.
In conclusion, there are many reasons that make young people enjoy start-up business. Apart
from more freedom in work, followed by asserting themselves and finally having the
opportunity to get rich quickly to meet the spending needs of their yourself and your family.

3/ In recent years, it is widely believed that young people changing their jobs
have become more and more popular in modern society. This seems to be an
increasingly common trend in many countries. There are a number of reasons
behind this tendency. I would argue that it disadvantages development.
Therefore, I am going to investigate some reasons and the positives of this
trend.

● Starting with the first main point, it can be interestingly noted that there
are some crucial reasons why an increasing number of young people are
changing their career. The first reason I would mention is that this new
job will provide the opportunity for faster career advancement, helping a
person climb the ladder of positions faster. To illustrate, young people
often attract higher salaries and bonuses. The second reason could be
explained that youngsters easily feel bored. Actually, growing up with
products that are continuingly updated every day, young people require
fresh feelings frequently. Last but not least, young people might have the
desire to discover new possibilities for themselves. Indeed, a deep desire
to explore themselves could drive young to try new careers quite often.

In my perspective, job changing has far more advantages compared to its

negative impacts. Firstly, they can obtain more and various work experiences,
sometimes in several fields, which will provide them with a range of skills and
broaden their knowledge. Secondly, young people are able to boost adoption
through job changing since it is easier and faster for them to adapt to the new
environment. In addition, youngsters will find their real passion when they give
themselves chances and opportunities to try different new jobs. Finally, young
people build more relationships and new cultures when they change jobs.
In a nutshell, I would come up with the conclusion that changing jobs is caused
by several reasons. From my point of view, the change of jobs and careers of
youngsters bring many benefits for themselves.

4/ Today, young generation have the tendency to setting up their own business
instead of working in company, which mostly occurs in big cities. Some
fundamental reasons related to this trend should be discussed.
First, a common reason behind the rise of this phenomenon is that young people
are longing to fully develop working skills. If laboring in an international
corporation with a given position over the years, employees could master their
skills in this and lacks of other skills which they probably would like to achieve.
For example, being an entrepreneur, the owners need to be equipped with
diverse skill set such as accountant, sale, technical to strictly control their input
and output. Pursuing passions is the second aspect because people tend to
dissatisfied with a job profession that is not related their ambition. Thus, a self -
venture would be a suitable choose at a certain moment in career path.
Decent income is the unforgettable thing for this trend. Working 8 hours a day,
5 days a week or even overtime till midnight in company probably only adapt to
live in bustle metropolis. However, young people demand is not only surviving
but earning certain amount income to purchasing houses, cars which is way
luxurious compared to their salary. Then startup could be a low cost option
which has unlimited income in near future to adapt their demand.
To sum up, there are 3 main aspects to answer the startup trend of young
citizens this day.

Topic 2: Children become more overweight. Some argue that school should
spend more time on physical education to solve this ? Discuss the reasons and
give some possible solutions.

1/In recent years, obesity has become an increasingly popular trend among
young people in Viet Nam, especially among children. There are a number of
reasons for this trend, which is having a significant impact on the health and
development of children. In this essay, I will explore the reasons and give some
possible solutions for this trend.

It can be noted that there are some important reasons why children become
more overweight. The first reason I would mention is that fast food and junk
food such as: hamburger, chicken, fresh fries and so on are favourites of young
people in the big cities. In fact, fast food has a lot of calories and cholesterol. If
children eat too much on a daily basis, they will easily gain weight.

The second reason I would highlight is that nowadays children have a lack of
exercise and do not exercise. Because children tend to spend many hours time in
entertainment such as: playing games, watching television. Thus, this causes
obesity in children.

There are some solutions that should be taken into consideration. Firstly, people
should build up healthy diet food and give their children healthy food with a lot
of fiber and vitamins. Their parents should control what they eat and ensure
children have healthy and balanced food every meal. Secondly, parents should
encourage children to do sports such as: play football, volleyball, running and
so on after school which helps young children improve their health and refresh
their mind. Thirdly, parents should also limit the time children play games and
watch TV.

In conclusion, nowadays children tend to become more overweight, which is

caused by several factors and this problem might bring about serious influences
on their health. However, I strongly believe that it can still be controlled if the
government, parents, and schools get together to help our children.
2/In recent years, the rate of obesity in children has risen and become a problem. This
causes many controversies that physical training should be taken into consideration in
school to help improve students’ weight. There are a number of reasons for this issue and I
would argue that it has a serious impact on both mental and physical health of those kids.
However, there are still several resolutions to address it.

It can be noted that there are some important reasons why overweighting in young
generation has grown. The first reason is parents can not control their children's nutrition in
daily meals. For example, parents do not have enough time to prepare the meal after
working hard all day so they tend to choose alternative options such as sweets, junk food
and sparkling water…The second cause is children nowadays prefer sticking their eyes on
screen to doing outside activities. Instead of playing soccer, chasing and camping they enjoy
watching movies on TV and playing video games. As a result, they can not digest all the
energy loaded into the body.

In order to deal with obesity, a number of ways can be employed. Firstly, parents
should encourage children to join more outdoor activities every weekend and schools should
have more physical courses such as swimming, tennis, basketball,...Outdoor play can
reduce a child’s risk of becoming nearsighted and help them socialize. Secondly, parents
should take the time to prepare and offer their children a variety of foods from all food groups
including: whole grains; fruits and vegetables; low-fat or skim dairy products; and lean
meats, fish,...

In conclusion, obesity is caused by several factors and this problem might bring
about serious influences on children’s mental health

3/ In this day and age, most of youngsters are inclined incline to be

overweight. It is the reason why urge them to do excercise. There are some
following reasons for this tendency, which has a consequence impact on the
youth’s health. In this essay, I am going to discuss a plenty of the reasons
behind this phenomenon and what we can do to address it.

It can be noted that there are some meaningful reasons why teenagers have a
tendency to be plumped. The first one is that, in mega enormous cities fast
food and junk food such as pizza, french fries are continually available in
supermakets, at street food stalls, so that kids are tempted to enjoy it
everyday. Furthermore, families family is hardly care about their health.
Indeed, familiesfamily usually urges their children to eat a fast food which
can make them save time to go to school on time. As a result, children tend to
be obese plump.

Secondly, it is due to the fact that most youngsters wast ing hours playing
games or surfing the webs on their smartphone. Moreover, it makes them
become addicted to online games and eat ing a plenty of fast foods. Apart
from that, childrens become gradually lazy to exercise which contributes to
the increasingly obese plump problem.

Besides, there are some awesome solutions that should be taken into
consideration. The first measure should be implemented is that parents
should build a healthy diet and encourage their kids physical exercise or
outdoor activities. In addition, parents should ensure that their children have
balanced diet and forbid them to eat too much fatty foods or fast food and
encourage them to do physical excercise continually.

The second method that can be carried out is that schools should organize
some diverse diversity sports or physical activities such as basketball,
swimming for students to par take part in and improve their health.

Additionally, schools should increase physical education and train quality

teachers to prevent bad behavior of pupils.

In a nutshell, there are some reasons causing obesity plumpness which

negatively impacts on youngsters’ health. For that reasons, parents and
schools should join give hands and apply the above solutions to help the
children have good health.

4/Nowadays, the increasing rate of overweight children and adults is a

worldwide health issue. Obesity is a major problem that is increasing day by
day in school-going children. There are various reasons behind it. This essay
will discuss the causes of obesity and offer some solutions.
The first cause of obesity is junk food. It is often seen that mostly children are
fond of burgers, pizzas, noodles and coke. These types of foods are easily
available to them in school canteens. Children love to purchase chips,
chocolates, and ice-cream for lunch. Moreover, in this modern era, parents are
working and they do not have time to cook at home. Parents often buy dinner
for their children instead of preparing food at home. This calorie-rich diet is
making children obese. This problem can be solved by teaching children to
cook healthy foods for themselves and banning junk foods and fizzy drinks in
schools. This diet can be replaced by milk, juice and fruits for lunch.

The second cause of obesity is sedimentary style. It is true that the use of
computers and television is increasing in children. They spend most of their
time watching television or playing video games on a computer. This
technological advancement has reduced the level of physical activity in this
specific age group. This issue can be resolved by encouraging children to do
physical exercises. Parents can take their children to the park to encourage
playing with friends. Furthermore, schools can add sports in their curriculum to
maintain physical fitness in their students.

In conclusion, it is clear that the main causes of obesity are unhealthy eating and
not enough physical activities. This ailment can be prevented and treated by
healthy eating habits and physical exercises.

5/ In recent years, it is widely believed that childhood obesity has become more
and more a serious problem in society and this seems to be an increasingly
common trend in many countries. There are some reasons behind this tendency
and I would argue that it has a seriously negative effect on society. This
situation prompts actions, and I believe that there are a number of solutions that
should be taken to solve these problems.
Starting with the first main point, it can be interestingly noted that there are
some crucial reasons why an increasing number of young people are become
obese. The first reason I would mention is that young people have bad eating
habits. For example, children usually eat junk foods like MacDonald’s and
drink sugary soft drinks. Another possible factor could be that children
nowadays tend to have a sedentary (1cho, k van dong) lifestyle. Actually, they
play computer games, chat on the internet rather than doing sports or playing
outside.

The problem of childhood obesity can result in some negative effects. The first
negative effect is that they are overweight, unhealthy and unfit to play or to do
any physical exercise with friends, leading to autism. Secondly, these diseases
put a strain on hospitals and they are going to be a heavy burden in the future.
This is causing related diseases such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure.
Therefore, the solution is suggested that parents should change their children's
diet every day. To illustrate, parents should prepare healthy foods like eating
more vegetables, less sugar, less oil, less starch. Moreover, parents need to
support children to go to fitness centers and restrict the time children spend on
computer and video games.

In a nutshell, I would come up with the conclusion that childhood obesity is

caused by several reasons and this problem might bring serious health effects.
As a result, it is suggested that parents should be taken into consideration
thoroughly.
6/ In recent years, overweight has become an increasingly popular trend in
many countries. There are a number of reasons behind this tendency and I
would argue that it has a negative impact on children's health. In this essay, I am
going to discuss a few of the reasons behind this phenomenon and what we can
do to address it.

It can be noted that there are some important reasons why children have high
weight. The first reason is due to the fact that instead of children eating many
vegetables, drinking fruit, they eat much fast foods such as chicken fried,
french fries, hamburgers, coca-cola and other unhealthy foods.
The second reason could be explained is that children spending a lot of time
watching television or playing games on the smartphone. That is the reason
make them do not have time to doing exercise.

There are some solutions that should be taken into consideration. Their parents
should be take care of problems related to using smartphones and watching
television. Only let children use 1-2 hours for entertainment. After that, they
should encourage children to be more actives. Besides, they should cook food
for the children and limit fast foods.
Secondly, school should spend more time on physical education, organize
competitions sports, more activities after school such as football, volleyball,
badmintion, swimming…This will improve their weight and their health

In conclusion, there are some negative impacts in overweight and the causes of
this trend should be addressed urgently

Topic 4: Air pollution is harmful to humans, plants and animals. In most

areas, air pollutants are principally from motor vehicles traffic or the
products of power generation. Pollutants from these sources may not only
prove a problem in the mediate vicinity of these sources but can travel long
distances. Discuss the impacts of air pollution and suggest some measures
to reduce bad effects.

1/In recent years, air pollution is harmful to humans, plants and animals has become an
increasingly popular trend in many countries. There are a number of reasons for this trend,
which is having a significant impact on the environment and society. In this essay, I am going
to discuss a few of the reasons behind this phenomenon phenoemenon and what we can do to
address it.
It can be noted that there are some important reasons why air pollution has become the
alarming issue in the world. Firstly, air pollution is caused by the vehicles, public transport,
industries machines, etc. The release of several harmful gas or dangerous elements from
sources is causing the whole atmosphere air pollution.
Secondly, a lot of dirty wastes produced by people on a daily basis, especially in big cities is
causing the whole environmental pollution to air. Therefore, pollutants from these sources
may not only prove a problem in the mediate vicinity of these sources but can travel long
distances. For instance, increasing population density is demanding the need for of more
industrialization industrial which ultimately causes air pollution.
Finally, air pollution is continuous damage the ecosystem and affect the lives of plants and
animals as well because the ever increasing level of air pollution harmful effects to the health
of living causing by temperature increased level of green house gases.
There are some solutions that should be taken into consideration. Firstly, encourage people
use public transportation to reduce the burning of fossil fuel such as train or bus. Secondly,
use energy - efficient devices such as solar energy technology models with artificial
application which alsoaslo help use less electricity=electric and reduce pollution by
consuming be consuming less energy.
In conclusion, there are some negative impacts in air pollution and the causes of this
phenomenon should be addressed urgently.

2/ In recent years, it is widely believed that air pollution has become more
and more a serious problem in society and this seems to be an increasingly
common trend in many countries. There are some reasons behind this
tendency. This situation prompts actions, and I believe that there are a
number of solutions that should be taken to solve these problems.

Starting from the first, it can be interestingly noted that there are some crucial
reasons for air pollution. The first reason I would mention is that air pollution
is emissions from vehicles, which in fact is mainly a source of air pollution in
the city environment. With the rapidly expanding urbanization across the
world, the number of motor vehicles increases more and more, meaning that
a high level of pollutants is produced in the urban air on a daily basis.
Consequently, smoke from vehicles and industrial factories makes people’s
eyes become worse such as dry eyes, sore eyes. The second reason could be
explained that in many parts of the world, intact forests have been replaced
by houses, farming land, with a number of illegal logging. Actually, forests
play an essential role in the breathing of human it’s benefits to the air quality
around the area, or even on a global scale.

The problem of air pollution can result in some negative effects, therefore, I
will deal with some effective solutions that can be offered to reduce the
amount of exhaust fumes in the air. Firstly, the government promotes people
using environmentally friendly transports instead of private vehicles. Indeed,
people are able to use public transportation and fully electric vehicles to
reduce emissions per vehicle or not to emit exhaust fumes. Secondly, it is the
government's responsibility to enforce tighter regulation on deforestation as
well as stricter punishment for illegal logging. The third solution is suggested
that spread awareness to citizens. Education should be designed to raise
awareness of the impact of air pollution.

In a nutshell, I would come up with the conclusion that air pollution.is caused
by several reasons and this problem might bring about serious effects. As a
result, it is suggested that the government should be taken into consideration
thoroughly in order to solve it for a better future.

3/ In recent years, air pollution from many sources has become an increasingly
popular trend in many countries. There are a number of reasons behind this tendency
and I would agrue that it has a serious impact on society. In this essay, I am going to
discuss a few of the reasons behind this phenomenon and what we can do to address
it.

To begin with, there are several reasons why air pollution have many effects in our
life. The first reason is due to the fact that air pollution has caused an imbalance in the
ecosystem. The disruption of an ecosystem is very dangerous for the survival of all
living organisms. The second reason could be explained is that private car burn petrol
which cause emission of carbon dioxide and the air is filled with smoke and dirt cause
of many problems in health such as lung cancer, asthma.

There are some solution that should be taken into consideration. The first measure
should be implemented is that government encourage power station and plants to use
more environmentally friendly enery sources such as renewable energy including solar
power, wind power instead of fossil fuels. The second method that can be carried out
is that individuals should be aware of minimizing the air pollution in their
surrounding. For instance, use public transportation such as bus, train to reduce the
amount of emission from vehicles. The household wastes should be reduced as much
as possible. Instead of using plastic bags, people encouraged to use cloth or paper bags
in order to decrease the plastic consumption.

In conclusion, the are some negative impacts in environment of people these days and
the causes of this trend should be addressed urgently.
4/ In recent years, air pollution tends to increase in many countries. There are a number of
reasons behind this tendency and I would argue that it has a negative impact on society. In
this essay, I am going to discuss a few of the reasons behind this phenomenon and what we
can do to address it.

It can be noted that there are some important reasons why the air is polluted. Firstly,
Emissions from industries and manufacturing activities are a major contributor to air
pollution. Every day, factories emit a large amount of smoke, dust and large amounts of
chemicals, carbon dioxide. These toxic gases will destroy the ozone layer that protects us
from ultraviolet rays.

Secondly, vehicles are one of the biggest contributors to emissions. In recent years, people's
lives have improved, incomes have increased, so the number of personal cars and motorbikes
has increased significantly. As a result, they release a large amount of carbon dioxide into the
air - the cause of air pollution.In addition, the burning of garbage and forest fires is also the
cause of air pollution becoming worse.

There are some solutions that should be taken into consideration. Firstly, to reduce the
amount of smoke released into the atmosphere, people should be encouraged to use public
transport instead of private vehicles.In this way, the government should increase taxes on
private vehicles as well as reduce the fares of public transport.

Secondly,the government will be responsible for enforcing stricter regulations on

deforestation and heavy penalties for companies that emit excess emissions. Finally,
everyone needs to join hands to limit air pollution such as reusing plastic products, using
clean energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy,...

In conclusion, air pollution is one of the serious problems in many countries. The government
is making more efforts to find a solution.

5/ In recent years, air pollution has become an increasingly popular issue in many
countries. There are a number of reasons behind this tendency and I would argue that
it has a negative impact on humans, plants and animals. In this essay, I am going to
discuss a few of the reasón behind this phenomenon and what we can do to address it.

It can be noted that there are some important reasons why humar, plants and animals
are seriously affected by air pollution. The first reason is due to the fact that people
have generated their income, the number of personal cars and motorbikes has
increased significantly. As a result, they release a large amount of carbon dioxide
which causes air pollution. The second reason could be explained that thermal
power plants make the water temperature higher than normal water temperature about
10 degrees celsius. Furthermore, fly ash and coal slag from burning coal are toxic due
to containing many harmful chemicals that pollute the air.

However, this tendency could have negative consequences in terms of human health
and the survival of plants and animals. Firstly, air pollution causes different diseases
such as lung cancer, hardly breathing for people who work or exercise outside. In
addition, smoke from vehicles and industrial factories make people’s eyes become
worse such as sore eyes, dry eyes and so forth. Secondly, it is harder for plants and
animals near thermal power plants to survive because of the high water temperature.

There are some solutions that should be taken into consideration. Firstly, people
should be encouraged to use public transports: bus, train, taxi which are friendly
environments instead of private vehicles. Secondly, the government should increase
the taxation on cars and motorbikes as well as lower the ticket price of public
transports. One significant solution may be that the government as well as
individual should take actions to protect the envỉonment thoroughly.

In conclusion, there are some negative impacts on air pollution and the causes of this
phenomenon should be addressed urgently.

Topic 6

Nowadays more and more people decide to have children later in their life.
This tendency can be seen frequently, especially in many developed countries.
New data show that the number of American women having kids after 35 is
continuing to grow. There are some reasons leading to this trend and it
certainly will have great impacts on family life and society.
Discuss the reasons and impacts in family life and society ( reasons, effects
and solutions)

In recent years, the trend of late pregnancy in young people has become increasingly
popular in many nations.There are a number of reasons behind this tendency and I
would argue that it has a serious impact on society. In this essay, I am going to discuss
a few of the reasons behind this phenomenon. And what we can do to address it.

It can be noted that there are some important reasons why the younger generation
determines to have children later in their life. The first reason is due to the fact that
teenagers want to spend their time dedicating their jobs or studying for a master
degree to improve the quality of living.So they want to have strong finances and be
full-skilled to take care of the baby.
The second reason is also particularly important, which is the increasingly competitive
job market. The juveniles have to show their efforts as much as they can in order to
get better occupations or they have to catch up with the number of deadlines. So they
do not have time to look after their children.
However, giving a birth late leads to serious health risks for the woman in the prenatal
and postnatal period. If any complicated maternal health problems arise, the life of
the whole family would be turned upside down.Additionally, having a child when
reaching over 35 years old can affect pregnancy due to aging health. As a result,
babies are not healthy enough or even die a premature death.
To solve this serious problem, the government should have special policies to
encourage the young couples marriage have a child sonner such as giving money or
welfare to improve life.
In conclusion, there are many reasons that make individuals have a child late.this
phenomenon could harm mental and physical health for women. The government
should make more effort to raise awareness of giving birth early.

2/ In recent years, it is widely believed that having children late in life has become
more and more a serious problem in society. This seems to be an increasingly
common trend in many countries. There are a number of reasons behind this
tendency and I would argue that it has a serious negative impact on society.

Starting with the first main point, it can be interestingly noted that there are some
crucial reasons why having children late in life has become more and more a
serious problem in society. Firstly, women want to focus on their career and
advance in their career path before they have children. To illustrate, women in
modern society want to succeed at work and have a position in society so having
children affects career. The second reason should be focused on the fact that they
don’t want to feel pressure to have kids and financial responsibilities. Actually,
people always try their best to find enough money to ensure a better life for young
children. For example, they need to demand children such as a babysitter, school,
feeding clothes, and so on. Finally, older mothers and fathers are generally
wealthier, more experienced, and more responsibilities of bringing up a child. They
are more prepared in terms of physical and mental health so they are expected to be
better. In short, there are several reasons why having children late in life frequently
happens in our society.

The problems of having children late can result in some negative effects. The first
negative effect is that our children are still young while their parents are already
old, so they have to face the generation gap. Over time, babies will get older, they
may have different habits and interests from their parents, leading to difficulties in
raising children. Another negative impact is that the population of developed
countries has become aged. As a result, pensioners will have become a burden for
the national budget because the government has to subsidize pension schemes and
health care for senior citizens. Last but not least, having children late also makes it
difficult to get pregnant and they may experience more health problems like high
blood pressure or diabetes during pregnancy. In brief, there are some negative
effects on having children late in life.

In a nutshell, I would come up with the conclusion that both arguments have their
merits. Furthermore, I like to travel by public transportations every day because of
the benefits above. It is suggested students should balance both advantages and
disadvantages of public transports.

3/ It is undeniably true that nowadays more and more couples decide to have
children later in their life has become an alarming issue in many countries. In
my opinion, there are several possible causes of this trend.
One of the main causes of the problem is that working women cannot combine
family work and their occupations well. For example, working women almost
must spend over 8 hours working so they are not able to do all the housework or
take care of every member in their family all the time. Another reason leading
to this situation is that they don’t want to feel pressure to have kids and
financial responsibilities. For instance, some couples have children when their
finances are not stable. Although they don’t have much money, they have to pay
for everything leading to financial burden and their children are materially
deprived. A final possible cause of the problem lies in people who tend to
respect their own freedom and privacy, not sacrifice for others.

One of the most serious effects is that it is difficult for old women to get
pregnant and they might experience more health problems such as high blood
pressure or diabetes during pregnancy. For example, research shows that age
also increases the chances of genetic problems. This is the reason for the
increased risk of having a baby with Down syndrome in women over the age of
35. which number becomes worrisome: 1 in 378 women are at risk of having a
baby with Down Syndrome.

Another negative impact is that the population of developed countries has

become aged. As a result, pensioners will have become a burden for the national
budget because the government has to subsidize pension schemes and health
care for senior citizens.

To be specific, couples who tend to have kids later also result in the economy of
developed countries might develop slowly because there will be no inheriting
force.

In conclusion, the tendency to have kids later in couples can be seen frequently,
especially in many developed countries that seriously influence citizens and
society. In my opinion, governments and individuals need to cooperate with
each other to reduce the bad effects of having children later.

Topic 3 “ Brain drain, the movement of highly skilled and educated people
leaving their country to work in another country, has become one of the most
worrying problems recently. More and more educated and talented experts
have moved from developing countries to rich and developed countries
seeking for more opportunities to develop and have a better life. This has
greatly affected the developing countries.” Write an essay to discuss the
causes and suggest some possible solutions to deal with this problem.

In recent years, it is widely believed that brain drain has become more and
more a serious problem in society and this seems to be an increasingly
common trend in many countries. There are some reasons behind this
tendency. This situation prompts actions, and I believe that there are a
number of solutions that should be taken to solve these problems.

Starting from the first, it can be interestingly noted that there are some crucial
reasons why brain drain has become more and more a serious problem in
society. The first reason I would mention is that talented people lack
professional opportunity in their country. Actually, an increasing number of
new graduates places pressure on the job market, which makes job-searching
a very major task. The second reason that can be explained is the income
factor. While the income is not at par (ngang bang) with the dedication and
effort (sự cống hiến và nỗ lực) one puts in a job in developing country,
people have higher salaries in the developed countries. Further, the working
environment does not cater to the needs of the intellectuals (giới trí thức).
Indeed, people have better service conditions and a high standard of living in
developed countries like living cost, social welfare, health care and
education. In short, there are several reasons why brain drain frequently
happens in our society.

The problem of brain drain can result in some negative effects, therefore, it is
a solution to stop brain draining. The solution is suggested that the labor
market needs to be expanded to create more job opportunities. Another
solution should be that extra pay or promotions can also help retain talent.
Finally, it is important to build a professional working environment that can
help skilled employees develop their own capabilities. In brief, there are
some solutions to brain drain.

In a nutshell, I would come up with the conclusion that brain drain in

developing countries is caused by several reasons. As a result, it is suggested
that the government should be taken into consideration thoroughly in order to
solve it for a better future.

Topic 5 Tourism has become one of the fastest growing industry in most
countries. A lot of places in the world rely on tourism as a main source of
income. While some people may argue that the fast development of tourism
has had negative effects on local communities. Others think that its
influences are positives. (Discuss the cause/ effects of tourism)

In recent years, it is widely believed that tourism has become more and more a
serious problem in society and this seems to be an increasingly common trend
in many countries. There are some reasons for this tendency and I would argue
that it has a seriously negative effect on society.

Starting with the first main point, it can be interestingly noted that there are
some crucial reasons why an increasing number of young people are visiting
local communities. The first reason I would mention is that human life is
developing day by day so people want a higher level of enjoyment. Actually,
people are greatly busy with their career, and thus they want to travel in order to
relax after stressful working days. The second reason could be explained that
the cost of travel to local communities is reasonable because there are many
vouchers to discount for visitors on holidays. Indeed, people are easily able to
find discount codes for flight through application and accommodation on
platforms. Last but not least, people want to also enrich their knowledge about
other countries all over the world. The farther and the more they travel, the
more knowledge they can get about culture, science, sport, etc of many
countries.

The problem of tourism in local communities can result in some negative

effects. The first negative effect is the impact on the environment. Excessive
buildings like accommodations, transport system, entertainment, and thus this
destroys natural habitats and spoils the landscape. Moreover, tourism creates
pollution and waste. It puts pressure on local resources such as food, water and
energy. Finally, local traditions may be lost since local people work in the
tourist industry instead of traditional jobs and skills die out.

In a nutshell, I would come up with the conclusion that tourism in local

communities is caused by several reasons and this problem might bring serious
effects on the environment, culture.

Topic 7 Human population is growing at a rate of approximately 78 million

people per year. Over 7 billion people living on the planet today is estimated to
reach between 8 billion by 2050 and up to 15 billion by 2100. According to
Steven Jones, head of the biology department at University London, humans
are 100,000 times more than we should be. For this reason, the human
population is among the most pressing environmental issues nowadays.
Discuss the effects of human overpopulation (bùng nổ dân số)
In recent years, it is widely believed that overpopulation has become more
and more a serious problem in society and this seems to be an increasingly
common trend in many countries. I would argue that it has a seriously
negative effect on society.

Starting with the first main point, it can be interestingly noted that there
are some crucial reasons for overpopulation. The first reason I would
mention is that people are ignorant. They are not aware of the disastrous
results of overpopulation so they overproduce children. Furthermore, early
marriages are common so these result in battalions of children. According
to the collected data, there are some countries where there is still a
situation of forced early marriage, especially poor countries or developing
countries.

The problem of overpopulation can result in some negative effects. The

first negative effect is overpopulation leads to overcrowding and hence,
demand exceeds (nhiều hơn) supply. There are not enough natural
resources like land, fossil fuels, food, water. Therefore, people cannot get
a sufficient amount of good food. The result is poor health and countless
diseases. Moreover, overpopulation contributes to increasing crimes,
unemployment rates. In fact, overpopulation increases the need for more
jobs but job opportunities decrease and as a result, many people become
unemployed. Since unemployment and poverty have been a significant
cause of crime in countries where access to basic needs is not possible
with low group income. In addition, overpopulation poses a threat to the
existence of wildlife. Actually, due to the lack of spaces people will have
illegal logging in order to replace houses, farming land, appliances. As a
result, natural habitats such as forests will be destroyed.
In a nutshell, I would come up with the conclusion that overpopulation is
caused by several reasons and this problem might bring serious effects on
the environment, health, and unemployment. Therefore, it is suggested that
the government should have a strict policy to decrease rate overpopulation.

People have different views about ………………………………….. Some

people believe that ………………….while others think that
……………………………………………………… This essay will discuss
both views of the issue.
On the one hand, it can be argued that
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………
On the other hand, some people argue that
…………………………………… Firstly,
………………………………………………………………………………For
example, ……………………………….Secondly,……………
………………………………………….
Finally,
……………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………..
In conclusion, it seems to me that
………………………………………………………………..