civil Engineering Reference Vol, 4 243 a MATHEMATICS, SURVEYING & TRANSPO, ENGINEERING MAY 2016 4, Inthe United States, 8 out of every 25 homes are heated by electricity. At this rate, how many homes in a commulity of 36,000 homes would you predict are » heated by electrivity: i A. 10,780 homes C. 11,520 homes © B. 14,320homes D, 12,360 homes : 2, iflogxto the base 2 minus log 5 to the base 2 is equal to 3, find the value Of x. &..50 Sees ote Sha val : B. 40) De /5040" ria is 5.75% per year, If the decrease take until only 25% of the current for > 24.78 years z {yin meters) of @ ‘above tie water surfac ip between the: the rate of the dec nd to four decimal place:ineering Reference Vol.q:— 0 i. To create a sense of essexcading te sid that pulses. " aA 244 May 2016 a semmsortston ghnengt PB Seton ceins 285 apes ne PSE HE coreg recta etinete of 39 7, Areca jot owner decides ta fence The fanciony=e> Svstbe cota TS function. Fe eee etonigsar nets ‘the number of toppings at P2.¢2¢ xe 5 coantewidthsts front len iegaase Ga ’ Metinancurenion wamenmctcieenri | B y=x-5/2 ie velocity of wind blowing dy, all hrs 150m lot's dimensions? 10; The velotty of PAL instills 150 4p TH Edu soi 225 98% €, 300m »200m i spp ne ap raves south and rearsbk 1 seer ds 350m 150m PEN sins son | ia ee do meen eet : cetananing re es 2g etd A adr | a ‘ n + sof uniform width Is to be built around the poo} using 102 square meters of te o aete DB fue roma dcuiedstet osogu tse 11. Lighttravels ata rate of approximately 1.865 105 miles per second. t takes gy Taco square meters aretahe ised. How videshgultuisberse nes sendrvccoads a tswl Pom thas tart, What the distance beget fb er cae fecristtn sa . : D2 lion miles 828m, "a te 9 aon ites € selon mis ‘ so. Autonet bos sarang pss acm conan Hy perm oh eae Sewontinental Anite basic foods. It simportantthat aes on this diet consume exacly 12, Thefesiestaverage speed by.acyeliseacrossthe continental United States 1g ints of ealelim 190 untsfiron and 250 nts of vain Neaeh day, The raph by Pete Penseyres, Ite raveled tot! distance of about 3107 meg p Suomi of sofia Nesey Se ymesof these nutrients one food ounce are given nthe tllowing abe i Bays: 12 hours, 35 minures~ D> 8davs, hows 40 minutes: Gime [Vena 18, A alesperson earns P6Q0G per month nus «commission of 15% of sales fing food cia ae 10 the minimum amount of sales needed: to: receive 2 total income of at lent: Re 50 0 15,000 per month. eee eee Eoate 20. 20 eect staan os © Meer Ac Samnoas Food = omnes Food =F ounees Ee 2 é s “B, Pood f-5 ounces; 6 ounces: Food C3 ounces 14. Agivenalloy contains 205% copper and 5% tin, How many pounds of coppeé and Soop tends ee eee ek melee oae Of tin must be melted with 100 ib ofthe given alloy to produce another-alloy Fe ee eae rood eSaimces, Foud C—Sources analysing 30% copper and 10%Gein? Al preentages are by weight, 3 toot A Bounes Food Samer ne A. 205 Ibs copper; 9SJbstin = +s ‘i See (2) Me The demand function for aicertain compact discs 185 Ibs copper; 4.5 skin “ ae # é par00lx 02849 C178 bscopper; 75 sti ; : i; / D155 ths copper: 85 Ibstin Gee ee ud the corsesponding supply faitionis given by | a5. Moris tpetersiepsseeet ci esate Shots ‘Peach worked noln?-O.1a+3 1 «lone, ne ofthen, would design thesiteiiZhoarslésstime than the other. How : 3 in by solving the Jong woul take each person desgnavebsteworkangalone? >. f”. wherex iyi thousands of ult: Fd the eqn aN ‘hs ours forthe slower person and 121 hours Jor the faster person Fystein consisting of thetworiven camer, 3 Bu hhours for the slower personand 8.1 hours for the faster persion ‘A. 30,000 é $ 33000 o tEdiaunben pees J nours'for the faster person Se 15,000 Star ss hours for the slower person auld 9.1 hours for the faster person ‘EL Given the Fourier series in cosine! z ‘ s 16. Acontractor estimates that he cout ec hi te 2.0 ens dat "Atte sar he hired 1D men he sherpa eo eee aye Seos TEES this speed, find his ime eyeling, Write time tn days, hours.and minutes, ‘A Bays, hours, $Simiinutes~ © -Bdays, $ hours, 6 minutes fey dpc pee 10 more men are added HOW Sete Sa eee ne E ‘Takspar Gunes =) amu me tundamentat eee ¢ 9 Fee kcal 10, EA Be 222 From point 4 on level ground. thee #°* afatowersituated on © the height ofthe mill edhe etapa re DA uetup and bolton B ngs ofan espn d 3936 ooMathematics, Su Pe acorns Reference Tol 247 246 as 2 A May 2016 A Transportation Enginergt ci pon hs an equsion of = 83. Find he eqn ofthe ameter ole 75, Fale senota hngle whose sides re masutig o> 235108 = EO i, hatin yeh vest hordsnaralclteselhea-y=4 : paseo 29, y= . 52 it? AY D.y=3 4, 30,390im0 » © 32452 2 i: ¥ 8. 30986 m= D, 32,075 ni? BM jyas its center at (3,-27) and is tangent to 3x-+4y 26 = 0, calculate the 24. Apleceofacopertyin downtewn Cebu tsadvertised forse at P9500 porsqaa, deer gangency of the circle. rctar. iCthe lengths of theses ofthe erangularlot.are 70m, 72m. and 4a point of © 6-7) whats theasking price torthe tot? ~ ‘3. C8 8, P14896,520 c. P15,497,290 B ce distance from point A(1.5, 8. ¥16056,000 D, 15,664,250 i -ccaeuate shed 25, ‘lines drawn from pone co point O here Ps along the line AB and Os aly, Sn 2 the line AC ofthe triangular lot ABC. IfAP-PB = 3:Y'and AO:OC=2'5, whatjg qt 3.4/2 on of sphefe of radius 3 and tangent. three coordinate, operineoeiesrenoAPOaneAne! : 4p FR ee cant . ee Be ae pn eye aea3)—3Er9=0. Given. sais 26. Invvo regularpolygons with the Same number of sides, find the length of sige” peste ght ae 22 Ue ee eee Wet cat dio ofthesinallerfthe lengthsofthe apothems are 20.and 50.anda side anges ~ sxindrical coordinate ofa point Pi (8, 30%, 5). Whats he value of the Has length 325. 3S eae af, The Gite of P i the Carteslan coordinate system? AL 3S. eats gore 25 C 6.93 Bt Det oe aS ‘ind each incevinn angle measure ofa Guadriateral ifs ntetior angasze © [E ° % te Give ‘represented by e+ 10,2x+ 26, 9x 80, and 24-2000 de. Whatls the slope ofthe cure ‘A 508100", 70%, 60° 60%, 1208, 1003, ¢0° ates. 5 4.705, 540%, 130,100" D. 407 00740340 8. cording to the equation ‘The wagon: whee! hes a diameter of 26 inches and avy angle of 80° ba A yas Coulee moves In pan esan BE = spokes. Whet is the length of the arc s (to the nearest buridredsh ofan nel. f= “Find dy/dx when t= 0,2,and5. hetwcen twoadjacent spokes? (Hint usethe formula sur Gt getthoarclongiy ‘A 33,12 . : e ‘A B33 in or G7ASin Se ies ieee Dadar eke giie uae ice covered BR BOHN Pui eal he DZ erty ee + 4a. Given the position function ofa particle, x(t) = #*-8t, Find the distance co 29, Chor AB andl CD inverseet at point O-which'is side the elle. AOS em, iy he particleatt = Otat=4, 12 em, and DO =20 em. If AB fe the diameter of the clfcle,calcalate:the “A 160, Ceetes G180 oa. ‘A, $8.65eni0 260 6a25eme “ ee BL 48.96em= BE De saat ant ea _Bvaluate ("7 30, Crean: mph along a citcular track of radius‘2500 f&. Through what if ceeds S angle does tt turn,in oné minate? oe: er oa) Ar 6067 a re ri Dae rae rae oi fe Oe) 2p. $338 eae 8 15.66: BESO genes ne “2 anextorimont conte oFsecag treet om aboxafscetl ant 31, How many sides hae a polygon ifthesiin ofthe measures of ts interior anges three items are classified defecsive (D) ornon-defectis Oa the events A, = 48360077 cee : Ms “Give the sample space for this experiment: Which o : , z Fes tap. Yo BES Bitwherea ciel one ace een ee eae ce AC (NDD,DND, DDN). =k 32, Bindi Cartesian eaationafhe curveropresentedby we parainetrcequailay’ ME ¢<.B. (DDD, NDB, DNN)- ore x= 400 Bandy =16%-Sforsm cts 1. A tox contains § defective YR yexewe : “ eagineer: selects 2ill oe ——omation’s stock which currently ells for P500 per share, has been 7 GR ory nual dividend per share and increasing in value at an average ep. Ong. a £30 Oar overthe last yeas. Tels expected that the company's stork Bre of 5% Pet his performance over the next S years. What isthe company's ring Reference Vol. 4 249 Mathematies,Surieying 8 248 _ May 2016 Tranportation Bogner ‘4A box contains 54 red marbles, 14:yellow marbles 32 blue mrbles, ail iarbles are of the saime size, Three niarbles are draw at ransiom from the bo {ist one, then a second, and ten a thi, Determine the probability of gar ray a E raltneboah rie Salinger eae, festeed marble, sscond yeiow marble and tin bento th cepa wi rib cape 8 onan ° « % a ate ee erties ae $8, An industial engineer has found that when she tales d site of sie-5 of, Fee ee ee ee ean eetaa Froduct, 90% ofthe uime there are no defectives the emMble, 3% ofthe?“ fe 53, DE sved by there is 1 detective, 296 of the time there are 2 defectives; 296 of the time the an 32 3 detectives, 2% ofthe time thereare 4 detectives, and 138 oF the time thee , Ge maentD § electives. What i the probably of taking.» sample ®t has feos’ i 210.000 C, petasbio etectives nthe gt 0 . A. 14% C58 Fea ee go set aside money for hi B. 7% 0. 996 y “gy! A father Wa .n be deposited inva banl f es ‘What equal deposits shouldb 46. One thousand copper rods have the follawing properties: ‘order to provide Diameter z Length Tootiin [OK | Tooth i c. P1559 Tapshort 20 5 5 : DP OK 20. 502 Z ‘ Lipeoetaae To ton - 20 ne ee eit ithe red meets the length specifications, id the probability that the rod mide. the diameter specifications, son : A078 © 095 = B 04a D087 be 47. A catapult is placed 100‘teet from the castle wll, which is 95 Teer gh The in the first year of oldies wants the burning hale of hay ta clear the top ofthe wail and land 50 fet ‘ ¥ i endo the second year, twas used Inside a caste wall, Ifthe initial velociy af the bale is 70 fect/second. af Whit: service, tion atthe end of the second year. ingle should the bale of hay be launched sa that ittravels 150 feet and pass over for 1! C. P256,600 * thecastle wall, Useg=32fy/st 6 ‘ ‘ : : : . ; 254,700 A 545° saz : 302,400 : Deeaae 5 in, Whats B, 50.8" Ds 39.2" ; 55° alisterce ores measured oh an 8% slope and found to be 2528.75 i. 48, In 1626 Peter Minnie convinced the Wappliger Indins tosell hint banhattin” the horizontal distance meabured in meters? . i : 2 Island tor $24. If the Native’Americana had put the'$24 ito a bank account 2589.365 z Bopce peer) 5s paying 5% interest, how much would the investment worth in the year 2000 t * . D, 2625:365 rest were compounded monthiys : i eae io tum between A to B with average backsight and aeons eaeien pies we fant tice tap theatrage nest aig 38 and each rhas just borrowed P800,000 from a local bank, at the vate uf 1% pet wation is 425.56 meters? {the vopaid balance, His contract states that he muse repay the [oan in pee corvect elevation of B is its recorded el ect elevation of Bis its record elevations 95 * 36 cua monehyinstalnnens. How much money eae ? ‘muuch money mist he repay each month? A.424.86n ss A. P27507.49. TC P2GS71.85 B 424.27 D Aza ape that is’ B Pa0sset2 D, P25365.78 57. A stitdent was asked to in mo G, 365.152m 1. 365.275 mference Vol. 4 250 M a y 2016 Matnematies, Survey, cease esa anon rast pe of bark slopesteepness an height 38, With the tana & Transportation Enginecrigt Ifthe = eine ore sing nnaards within the cleat zane ‘ in fs wathin fe clear zone tansitat point and ts m.lfthest and line of sight horizontal the stadia fn ait Dorian a i anlar radia inter Saag tinea iterators rod and dest Sma 3g I i tron Oeics is : B. ton jyon painted on pavements 2 limited to how many words 1 122587 m 59, Lines of levels are D, 125.825 0: fe of evs a nom Satan Ao Siaton oer aif rouge Meee as flows. ference in clévation between Stations Mand Bis givey ofl) words OF HSS sor less em jg word OF es of pavement an “curb m: B.119365m° © 129363 Teng ia) | Biterence mee the four tyes 6 RGSS Fe eee cénterlines a oa ieee tins cee ies Sa 5. lone vee uansverse lines, transit ing lanes requires the consi He etenie the ost probable eo tne lvaTon of Tamu EST Ay elevation 41254 m, Aa7tas cet 4 airy lane Feng : nd or merge taper ae ii En D. 275 Se roe ie numberof vel acs. ded =F yen instant ine, Determine the degree ofsimple carve whee ‘central angle is 267 Hie shortea Ree ra ee ee orotie pointorintersection of the tangents 58 Tks i viges perkiomete : : © capacity wrebass : = knee ' D, volume — Lon re buie paalel co aang the margin ofthe sont Nees a kina, ot waterways whefe feos Ma te “ongside to recelte oF sera po, embark or algembarkpassenge of Heat 165 : C. port 60. ¢. We Monly B, 1&.titonly icles per unit distance occupying a section of ‘and is usially measured in gelicles per mile B 24304 = iD 221208 : tie papendcule distance betsienn evo paralel tangents of ever sed sure ane erred thelangtiatthelong evord's equal to 757m. Compute the com neh Tadis ofthe reversed curve: A 184008 : 963mm B17 Eq. (1) Tin: 0.05(100) + 1y =0.1(100 +49) A Oise oye 3 > Eq.@)256 May2016 Mathematics, Surveyiy a Transportation Engineering > Bg. (1 Workingtopettor . S : x 42) Working alone: Substitute xn 2, (2) 0. (2): 3 yar ¥=14.099 hours 9.09 hous 11.1 hours for the slawer person and 9.1 hours forthe faster person 16 Required man-days to finish the project= 15 «20 = 300.man-days. Jo men'started the work for 6 days; then 10 men are added until ish: + 30(6) + (10+ 10)x +300 ‘ xe 12 days x ‘Total nuinber of days to Gnish the projects 6+ 12 =18 days Delayed by 3 days 2 wo ter, P= 1,000 m ost of fencing Along x: 6:= P3500/i ‘Along €y = P500/m ‘Total fencing cost, € = 2650,000 P= 2K+2y 1000=2x+2y x=500-y EHC) eciebgindy oon a 1590(x) + S0(2y) 1000 500800 =} 1000 y= 200m; 00m f Dimension; 300 mx 200m ering Reference Vol. 4 257 | gine’ ill = BP ce og uloborder fo= 100m? LPS | | + 2x) - 12(8) 2 a2 #298 a mca PatB+ 20 - 95 fe 2.106 : BSooi ernst en oe ae ‘alts per Ounce Caleta fron [Vitamin . 30: 10 0 : 70 10 30 3 sac 20 20 30 pea tan Ce requiredite quantities ofeach oo, h Okay” 30+ iF =1] , 63614 5o0- Gao” aH in 0.1048 = 10.48% xtang- SE yextane 7 Feas6 “Thus, the required angles 50.8° $24 “Nominal interest rate, = 5% compounded monthly t= 2000-1626 =374 years, Given: ast Given: isoos/2 ‘ Face value of the bond, P= 60,000000 na taxt= 4408 ate ‘Term of bond, t= 50 years Annualintorest rate,|= 6% bond afer n=50: Redemption value of the bond afte = 1,105,209,256.50 F=P(lrie® Re 2atu+oas/1zyeee "Pech f= 60,000,000(1 +006) ,052,428,613.85:h poe? ring Reference Vol. 4 » Se peg “orth ofall the benefits: resent "AIC =) Bastien Fe Rh A40197"0.1) per 95613 268 ‘Mathematics, Su May 2016) asec tgia Fe MOPS ssa oot 1,105,209,256.50(0.06) nefitCost Ratio = P/C= 129:955.13/90,000 se a st First cost, FC = 480,000 meee. DS Gwen: Cage value, SV = i6%FC=P76800 : Useful operating hours, n= 36,000 hours FC-SV +480,000~76,800 ciation rate;d = a= 00.0 Depreciation rate; d = cunts 5 d= P112/he eer two years: 2 Fee S 12,000 + 15,000 = 27,000 hrs ‘Total depreciation, D = d> m= 11,227,000 =P302;400 * mis etnies ; “given: Slope = 8% ; Slope distance, arias a= P13,962.60 Givene Costs: Capital, C= P90,000, Annual aperativg cost, OM = P,000 56 ‘lang oline, b= 6d00m BS ¢ FS distance = 150+ 154 Average backsight, BSno =3.8:m ~ Angle of sideward inclination, «=5 ‘Hlovation steal int ee nm Renofit: Annual ingore A= 28,000 ‘Annual interest» Lue of investment, n= 12% Netanaual income: A» ,--O¥ 420,000 5,000, A= P2000Mathematics, Survey, —— Transportation Engineering Error in backsight reading e = BS BSe= «0.01446 3 speed, v= 65 mph Distance traveled during PIEV time, S= 722m ‘Number of backsight readings, N = 6000/300 = 20 Total error in bacsight= 4001446 2002092, ote: 1 mph = 1.60934 Koh = 044704 m/s : ‘Note: A positive errorin backsight yields toa higher elevation eet 722=047704%¢ Correct elevation of B= 425,56~ 02892 = 425.2708 eee seen as Given Te dance, 1D 3624 contra an E758 m ngth of tape, = 25 ™ rrnal distance, E= 7: Error per tape length, e= #00024 cates Feat geRsec(0/2)-R =MD+ m TD=MD+ *. 365.24=MD+ B oom Re 53e(0/2)-1 754 = — 254 __ = 286.647 m Mp =365205m R= Ge 7D 350 Given: Stadia intereept= 1.25 m Stadia interval factor, f/1= k 10042 Stadla constant f+ ¢= 03 Line of sights horizontal . Deks+(f+e — d= 40042(125)+03 D=125.625m Given: Degree of curve, D = 12° Design speed, v = 88 kph Coefficient of friction, f= 0.40 1600 _ 3600 95.49 “xD” (12) Radius of curve (arc basis), R= 7 yes| amass 2 i/s7-| ~a26325 3 [igs |assze Formula: where eis the superelevation, vis the Shie-Stae-Sum: He 2 =420.376 speed in kph, and Ris the radius in meters lev. 0f B= 40.2564 4283763 6104 Se Hl. of B= 476.6303 m an (¢ = 0.2386 = 23.86%curve with parallel tangent RL ‘Thetwo triangles shown are smith, F57— = 5 ooh o50.72) Length of chord from PCtoPT Le140m heim Equal radius reversed ‘curve with parallel tangent Be £-vrsm | ae 85m Be awe 2200m pesrable length of Pra (based onrate of hang ofcenrpetal acceleration) Where vin in kph and Rin meters 0.036 ME CTR 0.036¥* = 2OBEV" 5 y= 77.87 kph 85-359 7 BE coyrce: Road Safety Design Manuel (DPWH) sme warrant for barrier systems canbe determined by a ik ssesment Tie pg into account the various issues. warrant for the use of safety barriers canbe estzbished considering: “Tfore slope or back slope steepness and height; ‘Unforgiving hazards within the dear zone; and ‘Water hazards within the clear zone. The ae Source: Road Signs and Pavement Markings Manual (DPWH) Messages when painted on paverent shoud be limited to three words or less ‘They-shall only be used to supplement other trafic control devices: The distance between words is variable depending an themessage andlocation at ‘which tis based (usualy twice the length ofthe word ifachlevable)- ‘The first word of the message is to be nearest the motorist on rural roads. In urban low speed areas, the order is optional Messages are white in color. Leters or numerals used an roads in urban, areas hall be atleast 25. ‘On high speed highways, they must be atleast m.aes a. Source: Road Signs and Pavement Markings Manual (OPWH) Pavement and curb markings + Longitudinal lines which are those laid in the direction of travel. The include: Center Line; Lane Line: Double Yellow Line: NoPassing’ 2ong Markings; Pavement Edge Lin; Continuity Lines; and, Transition Ling «+ Transverse Lines which are laid across the direction of travel-These indy ‘Stop Line; Give Way Lines; Pedestrian Crossing Markings; ayq Roundabout Holding Lines: «Other lines, which inciude: Turn Lines; Parking Baysi Painted Medi, Islands; and, Bus & PU) lane Lines; and, « Other ‘markings which include: approach markings to Islands ang ‘obstructions; Chevron marking; diagonal markings: Markings on Exayg Entrance Ramps; Curb markings for Parking restrictions; Approach Rallroad crossing: Messages and Symbols; and, Pavement Arrows. Climbing lanes are a roadway lane design typically used on Interstate highways. They allow slower travel for large vehicles, such as large trucks or Semi- trailer trucks, ascending a steep grade. Since climbing uphill is dificult fr these vehicles, they can travel in the climbing lane without slowing traffic. (Overtaking lane or passing lane isthe part of a main road that Is used for passing ther vehicles andi nearest the center of the road. ‘These lanes consist of three stages, The Ina diverge tape, che auxiliary lane, and the end of merge caper. Merging and Diverging for Ausiliary Lanes (ocd fey Design Mana he desig of verakinglanes and climbing anes requles the consider Inia verge tapers * Auslay lane eng: and ‘ Endor merge taper, o an an t which vehicles passa fixed point (vehicles per hour) ow (apis tte rate ‘concentration) (K) Is number of vehicles (N) over a stretch of ens (in nts of veils peor AF ON. Giar'aieereahot road? umber of vehicesb sme ithe actual number of served to passa given point on the volun ven time apace ste masimum ur rate at wc vee an be reasonably spac * Traverse a point ora uniform segment ofalane or roadway during “ime period under prevailing roadway trafficand control conditions. built into the sea but not parallel to the coastline and stair, landing place, landing stage, ety, Noating barge oF ridge or other works connected therewith. pier- any structure includes any stage, pontoon, and any b lace where ships may anchor or tie up forthe purpase of shelter, ‘discharge of cargo, or for other such activities connected areas and the pl repair, loading oF ‘reph waterborne commerce and including all the landand water wilcures, equipment, and facilities related to these Functions. Port along the margin ofthe sea rere vessels may lle alongside ‘bark or disembark passengers. or lie at rest. continuous structure built parallel too or alongside riverbanks, canals, or waterways Wh to receive or discharge cargo, em! Source: Road Safty Deion Manual (OPWH ons ofs series of stig eras Toned cos feed ava va, which he se rae inthe alsin int eran conslerng vd inna vera ‘The vertical alignment of 103 by vertical curves. A vertical cu length of vertical curve in meters for 19% chang the vertical alignment should fi into the tarthworks balances, appearance andthe maxim curvature allowed, Large K value curves shouldbe used where they arereasonsbly econoriical.ar ars 277 276 May 2016 i naitporiion glee Minimum K value verial curves ed on the conte flu veri carves shouldbe slated onthe bas of ‘Sight distance isa requirement in all situations for driver safety; * Appearance is generally required in low fill and flat to is situations; and ore 08 py _ peter ce, exP) rink + Riding comfort is a general requirement with specific neeg 5 NONE aaa approaches ta floodway where the length of depression needs yt pee ya sanee minimized, se. conk shown inthe Rig « for. thee depth d, i meters, of the 4 ~ obta specific gravity 1s 0.84. Given: . lie ed He 4M 1786" Time eriod —15-min Cumulative Metereyele Cytles aes yolume volume 5 pet min 630-645 75 5 6 a 645-700 ~ 100 175 10 6 00-735 125 300 1 5 15-7330 110 a0 2 5 730-745 80 490 10 é 775-800 65 555 6 20 : jervce rates: : cal ectangulrghtels 1 Smodesnd3 mh The szontaltop Pre Lh ety 2m below the water surface. <= Rens SE 1 ay #1975 vies 3 the foal force acting on One side ofthe gate. rnin” ede a se 165.84 sides ee = kN . , 16896KN° er nie “ae ¢ | oF thefore gravity othe plate, nm cycles yeh Rox 10 LEE 1 Y2 15 min «150 vehicles min. ** cle ; Draft = 7.5 m Design low tide =-0.35 b=-(05 +035) h=-755m.ering Reference Vol. 4 279 jn Hydraulics 50? 278 May 2016 Geotechnical Engines if a i be the velocity head ifthe velocity is 7 ginal velacity? 9. hapherta ballon SS mi Gmetad wit gas wolging ST ease fares standard air weighing 12 N7n, evaluate the maximum fond, fn N, excluding: D. 30m 10. rer ‘own weight, that the Balloon can lift A. 1226 C935 B. 715 pune surge or wave caused when a fui in motion i forced to stop ot ae press, on suddenly (monten i mr nydrailles as Brange dc head a penance {touta fire butis blocked bya firewall To reach over the wall, ‘A barge, weighing 350-kN when empty, is 6m wide, 25m long, and 3m yy Floating upright, evaluate the draft of the barge, in meters, when transports a = 3000 bags ofeementalong a ver each bag having m mass 040 kg Assume specific gravity ofthe water in te river to be 1.03 hasto pu r Pee Se rst Dear 9. afremat a jater jet fom the nozale at an-angl of 0° to the horizontal B12 E ‘Dli95 19 aires eigcity of the water, in ms; leaving the nozale ofhishose to reach rate ratate ne gg stands 30 meters day Fomthe walang the vals stndg ‘ x zale ofthe hose. Neglect fiction inthe et. ‘A-ship having.a displacement of 25,000 metic tons.enters a harbour of fxg ret er than the nozleothe ose election thee sinter, ‘The ship captain recorded ara of 84 mh while the ship was sp 253 Ride seawater (specific gavity= 1.03). Obtain the dratn meters of ship in ea Lae 173 ‘water ifthe Horizontal soction ofthe ship below the watertine fs 3000 mtin oe ee eqvoir A, the source of water for towns and Dis at elevation 250 m. nia a Feo inction B is at elevation 91.46 m and is 15200 m Bais bar sat jon reservoir at junetion aoe Le a aed Samir coin ne : : tehand 225 from om june lation of 30000 isa elevation 15+ ; i : ‘tion B-Town D vrth popillation Situation 3 ~ An open rectangular tank.1.3 mindiameter and 2.1:t tallts.2/3 full g150™ oat ia fom junction B, The water demand is 150 ters per caps per 12 13, 4. 16. mand is 6 water. The tankeis revolved about its vertical axis al constant aiguiar speed of oe orp : : assume t=0 ise (eat he height the paraboloid fone bythe water since? se, When sane required dlameter of pe AB in mete high c. 198m fe 0As0 ete B 185m D175 : 3 ‘ ow much water is spilled out? Jee Say what ithe required diameter of pipe BCinmmee 3 ‘5 425.284 liters * G B6s.A2 liters © ‘he 0216 Seton tee B. 209.65 ters oD, S40 76 liters 2 Sp 0258 ‘ aoe Whar height of tanks required to avoid spilling any water? “za asthe required dlameterof pipe BD inane, - 28879 Cann es cots Basen Be 2408 oe “0908 eee at sic tool ai'500 vam deep by 1 m wide, novi throigh-a reetanglararigtion canal 500;um dey Ot Fae se igcay of 25 oy Deere mersicot new AL : ae 47S , 2B. 125 D.238 ‘when the path linis ofthe individual patties ofa Mowing cle are iralar snes ar spotty ‘cross each gtier and form @ complicated network, the 7 continous 697 149. oxo 30. 3716 ..2246 1933 $0734 164 034 Host 2528 22.65 64.773 481, 020 32 4408 2852 2587 GSC GAB 2100's (OBR a8 «| snag > 3025 -. t95 Bi, BSD AL 095. ead kage gage gee 909. Bak 04k soo" 35) “S775. anady. gpa Yo.) O61 2 2.69 Wise," Wag easy art | coeae Bee BOA. 298. 06-37 7001 S30 gs? wag Movs — 379 095)" a8. 7ns0 cass sae fais AAS SS UES p8 aSa7. rg, eas Bae ARTES 2402 et a0! Sagas Seiz7 ‘1faay wS 1286 44s. 452 41° 10680 "9385-14050 AG A868 $92 B80 824g 21970 oaas’ igeah BUS hed (SAS. Bie 43 — iake0" ages ~ SrLg0" pel, AAe, GOMNTS 2a9S SS 405 ast9n derz0 26160 GES ASSES GIO Faire os araan vasag: ato Se MER TAA BBA 46 s96a0, -zha20. aa7t0 Bh AROS ABE Ratt gS ae azagde anes: saeao {22 20a7 919. “S05 48. 25830 28790 - 650.20 % © 2178 4023 600 49 2907@ 34460. A319 24 23.36.1140. 708 50 1072.0 28. < 2513 “4272 “a3.Hydraulics ang __ Geotechnical Engineering Gating capacity against axial oad duet kn econ ofthe py ‘with the flowing elven dita: ne Size ofpile= 0.30 m square Depth et peaetreion ino eso _ Uneoifned compression strength = 140 BPa Adhesion tare 1.0 * ‘A, 1020 KN ¢9808N Depth of point, h = 0.25 m ‘ eet seants: B 900%0 fi De LO KN const weight of METCUTY, Y= SB= 981 x 136 = 133.416 4/2 pas Pros * Poon 8 Given: Give pear of oll= 0.84 eam fiedm pispe fod yw (Hs = Ha) ge 2814-3) » © 9830.84) 4=1,786m ‘Mandard atmospheric pressure, pox = 101,325 KPa as (133.416 «025) + 101325 pac 134.60 kPa %zor 25.8 m (Fadius.r=29 m) ne gntof gas iside the balloon, = 5 N/m were of surrounding at 7e=12N/n? ye of balloon, weVe0e — yp35 +0214 ches ts Wart Win Yona socwolght: MW =Wiees Mn We 5% 102.16 + West @situation2 t W=5108+ Wine Given: 5235 fe: BF=yarxV=12%10216 nein Bunyant fore Sra zZ5S2 KN >= 0.02 Part 1: Weight of object weBF See earn WeVe We (981 x35)(002) W= 0.6867 kN art 2: Fraction of volume exposed: Fraction of volume displaced = £ = 35 00.2574, of volarme displaced = + = 2 = 025 Fraction of volume exposed = 1 = 02574= 0.7426 Fraction of volume exposed = 74.26% ‘3000 bags ‘Part 3: Additonal force to completely submerge the object B dolging Fetn-1)Ve Fe (981~136-981x3.5)(002) P1982 kN Weight of cement: We=M2g = (403000) (961) = 1.177.200 N We= 1,172 KN BF = We+ We yew Vo = Wo + We Bortenosyasx6x) =250+247797 4-167— May 2016 Godtntblteal Rapinad 5,000 motrictons = Draft in sea water, b= 84 we Area, A= 2000 m? Ly Adah ¢ waterline section” Volume displaced in sea water rapelie ent ; Volume displaced in sresh water Vous W. = 25:900.800 9599) ee (av, , 728.155 ‘a 3,000 Difference in drat, Since the ship floats deeper intrest eater then draft = QA 0.243 = 8.643 m Velocity head,'v3/2g, vat nah | directly to the oo Thus, ey is increased three times, Siecloc sed 3? = |ea 60397 = 40826(002}(9,150)(0.0434) “4 D2= 02187 m yoxune- peso tan so 201000" I eos 3 2v,2c0s"6 yo# 19,597 m/s Dsituation 4 Water demand = 160 liters per capita per Filton factor f= O02 to all pipes Reservoir C (Pipe 2): : Gre Population x demand r= 25000015 ©3750 may «00434 m/s, hha = 9146 30.49 = 60.97 m a ou p (Pipe 3): Re 33,000 05 = 4500 m?/day = 0.0521 m/s a= 946-1549=7597m = 0.0826f1.0° 75.97 = 90826(0.02)(6,100)(0.0523)" ~~ or DF Ds=0.2040m peservoir A (Pipe 1: n= Qe + Qa= 0.0434 + 0.0521 = 0.0955 ihn = 150- 91.46=58.54m pax 2082602 50542 uoan(u02(1,200(0095 ~~ DF Di=033m Given: Mean velocity of flow, v= 2.5 m/s Cross-sectional area, A= 1x05 =05 m? 5 mi/s= 75 m/min Flow rate, Q=Axv=05(25) = 1.2 7.68/9.36 Vs Q/A= 35/7.68 = 4.557 m/s1 ass7= 1 (oaaynsin 0.015 ¢ 00609 = A742 7 09) 4A=3.015 m A Perimeter, P= 2+ 2 1.6225 = 5.245 m Hydraulic radius, R= A/P = 3.015/5.245 Hyraleraduss0ge40m. Part 2: Mean velocity: 1 aaag 0574098 (oo00syH ¥=0.8745 m/s Part3: Duty of water,q=3 EAS Tectare Q= Av=3.015(0.8745) = 2.6366 mi/s = 2636.6 1/5 Q , 26366 a3 i Service Area = 878.9 hectares Service Area = aa ‘ive: ‘ope of channel bed, $ Roughness coeficient, azo(t)= 6m? Are ed perimeter, P= 6+2x1=8m Hydraulic parts 1&2: Mei Qzav radius, R= A/P=0.75 m san velocity of low and discharge 1 q v= Gg O78 (oomny” v=2.008m/s q=6x2008 Q=12048m/s Part3: Using the most efficient section: Given: Redz 1 a = (242) x 2 (4/232? (0.001) 12,048 = (2) x Toy (4/2)? (0.001) d=1671m ‘Water content, MC = 15% Moist unit weight ym = Speci gravity of olds ye 302 BEBE 901 - Te = 0.661 G+GMt ttese Hydrautics ay, 294 May 2016 Geotechnical Enginee et Given Dey une weight;24= 17 N/m? Void ratio, = 0160 ‘ Unit weight of water: yy =9.81 kN/m? - 6. : naz ony, 17= Sy 9.a1 TT+e 106 * 22773 > Para z Saturated uni weight: : Gse 277408 5 5, 1. te tos 277408 9.93 ise ™ Wi TAR ee 20.679 KN/m Part: Critical hydraulic gradient: 3 fg2 God ive ‘Average Undrained Shear Strength of Clay: : Solt Clay e=12 to 24 KPa Medium Clay ¢=24to48KPa Still Clay ¢ = 48:00 96 KPa 5 Very SUIE Clay €= 196 0 192 KPa . Hard Clay ¢= 92 to 383 KPa éCoefcent of permeability, k=4 ~pjameterof sample, D= 0.05 m Namberoffow lines Neen ya BO cue Ayia load at failure, P= 228 N ‘Number of pressure drops, Ne= 10 ox Head, =20m compressive strength, qa= © = 0225 unconfined comP! A 30057 qu= ¥4(114592) = 57.3 kPa =1146kPa Part 1: Seepage per meter length of dam cohesion, co= Ny, 4 KH 24x20 4 N a9 4528855 on omer ge 9kN/m vesting width, B = 06 m a Part 2: Uplif pressure athee! (point Pressure head drop per equipotential line, Ah = H/Ne 20/10=2.m Pressure head at "a": hy=H-Ahx1=20~2x1=18m_ Uplift pressure, ps= yw he= 9.81 x 18= 176.58 kPa part 1: Bearing pressure at base of footing: N/m t =. NM wiskra Pog” 06m Part 3: Uplift pressure at the toe (point "b 9 potential drops) Pressure head at "b": hy=H~Ahx9=20-2x9=2m Uplift pressure, ps = yw he = 9.81 x2 = 19.62 kPa part2: Stress at depth of z= 2xB=1.2mandr=0 mae 0.6374 nee ore era) O° rafts ap=A7BKPa Part Stress at depth ofz= 2mandr=3m 614g OD. Tecyy pera] ap=0271KPa b25.77° cso Given: Footing width, B= 4m Footing depth, Dy= 1.2m Unit weight of sol, ym = 20 kN/m? Cohesion, c= 10 kPa ‘Angle of internal friction, @= 20° Bearing capacity factors for = 30° (from te given table) New 17.69; Ne= 7.44; N= 3.64 ‘Terzagh!'s equation for square footing: QE .3.ENc+ Ym DINg+ 04 Ym B Ny ‘Part 1: Contribution of cohesion strength: 1.3 € Ne 1,3(10)(17.69) = 229.97 KN Part 2: Contribution of soll overburden: ‘ym DIN = 20(1.2)(7.48) = 178.56 KN Part 3: Contribution of footing dimension: 0.4 ym B Ny = 0.4(20)(4)(3.64) = 116,48 kN Given: Pile cross-section =a x a=0.3 mx 0.3m Penetration length, L= 15 m Unconfined compression strength, qu = 110 kPa ‘Adhesion factor,a= 1.0 Plle perimeter, p= 4a = 1.2 m \Unconfined shear strength, cu = ¥i qu= 55 kPa Friction capaciy, Qr= ace pL Frictlon capacity, Qr= 1.0(55)(2.2)(15) Friction capacity, Qr== 990 kN center of mass deformation. : Whats the horizontal com toa Aa m 2 eccentricity center of rigidity ~ For the billboard shown, a= 1.2 m,b= 0:3 m.and.¢ 1m, The billboard weighs 2 KN. Neglect the efféet of 42 6 Ot .ering Reference Vol. 4 301 in ene E = Fra pone rss sho Inthe igure agonal BG CF, CH, and DG ae Zon 6 mich can brace the truss in tension only. Given: Pr = 0, P2=3 KN, Ps=3 tt ges RNC Te diagonal membersCF, BG, DG and Care ables. Given: 35 m,h=3m. . ace (Nj nmember BF? suctural Engineers 300 __May 2016 aa Coane -salag a parabel eis ting 3 — e force 10 iculate the maximum tension he cable whet the sag, is 2m. 6. @ ae % eae : ; i fan nee B. cco (N) in member CF? Ou owe Be ae a8 : 2 BZ We bow bs bs 12, Calculate the tension (kN) at the lowest point of the & able if the cable Is stressey 16 what tits allawable tensile load. cs We A. 630, c 650 Be dyn 5B 1088 b. 1108 wr oefe ‘ pee] Laat bask CP and DE brace:the truss shown at 5 center ind force on-structures is Siuation 5 = "The evo flexible tanel, Dimenslonss ~ ham. 3 ‘ sree ihe magnivue ofthe weight W (kN) Ifthe axial conipresahel fore a stwation 7”~ For the gable frame shown, the design wit ee ee Sa oe product ofthe basic wind pressure pad the wind oe A 267 of 13.36 corr Pand force is 4 pressure if the coefficient if postive:and a suction if the ft 165 5 33.40 fooffcient is negative, Given the following data: ss Determine which (Snsion diagonal (cable) is acting and the force ini 629 i Der (12080, C2 p= 144 KPa, Li B= 626K a ofthe gable frame, Ifthe roller support at =204KN, what isthe aa force in weer aie 2 Consider 6 m design tributary widtt : Boers clanuoal ten hinge support and the hinge ts added at D,ealeiate,the following 18. The vertical reaction (KN) at A. A 25,8 tnswake 20.2 downward é +B. 21:7 upward By Tez downwerd 20. The horizontal reaction (KN) at B : Aree 2 @ 1094 Ae wtih Beaec * a ons ee | The horizontal rea: Be tek ‘ 7 A. 257 Ti a B99302 May2016 * GR a 5 aA ancl E and braced at Band F to resist force bi 2m, 2 the stress in brace BD IT of pipe of diameter 75, thickness of 6 mum. ‘ . 582 kon E196 eb: © as 0) 587 2A, lMhiface AB ieconnceted to BD consistaftwo lat bars bolted to post ACat Busing 20-rmin ineterbols,compute the average shear sire A. 396 G zs 8. 1785 nea Station 9 -A500-in-daneer pressure vessel mado steel plate ith alowabe stress of 138 MPa: . we : wi aie ida an sajote we ay teen pressure a 4000 ka wl ee feduired plate thickness fn nay? Dee Gi bs ®. lithe ‘estel is spherical and subjected to Re geared plate thickness immyg MSP Pressure of 4000 ha, what a Qe : to ‘OMtPa) n the bolt 2s. Structural Engineerip, and Constructig® Netto 303 | " jeering Reference Vol. 4 | jn 4 ja tis cylindrical with wall thickness of 12 mm, whatmaximum internal j e=t Pa) can the vessel subjected if the allpwable tensile stress of pate | re : 4 20 MP2? © 46 | 57 Ds Y 92 : j ‘open cylindrical vessel 200.mm in diameter and 3_mm thick is | fon 30 = A oe eernal pressive, p and aa axial foree F resulting to the final | ecto ented by the Mohr's cle shown, | fe a= 40 MPa, b = 30 MPa, and.e=90 MPa, | Given: = ; | 1 ghe following i ects Oe petermins tie of the internal pressure “p" in MPa, “Cini. { ‘Themagn! C08 | A Ot | \ j : BEL at = G7 ‘the magnitude of the axial force” in kh Z08 4 is. The @ : Ae ‘D. 369 rel P.. ee pens = 50 at tal € | nae D. 120 © 40 SWiation 14 ~ Given the shedr diagram of a simple beam as shown. Assume no Concentrated moment acts on the beam. AL. Whats the concentrated load atB in kN? Ade Gees te RO Sate ie se wets en hat is the: ‘imum span moment in KNém? i retain span moinenin NEA i 4 23 . BSE Date SV Mas isthe vericalfeacionat Dini ALS Jeg Cae 105 ;‘ering Reference Vol.4 305 304 Mm rani Pe gine 4 & a Y so ‘ aye D. 130 21. 90mne % 90mm x8 mm dagonal member (A= 2700 mim) at \ 1g - Te! Ms au A ofthe cnnacon town stole ote onmshrprct at A | | ms a : Re WER, alameter'= 16 mm” 2m aa 2m ‘polt hole= 1mm ~ Mrpwabie shear stress of ole = 68 MPa Shear diagram (kN) plate andl angle: a“ * veld strengtli Fy = 240 MPa Situation 12 ~ An G-m high vertical retaining wall isacted an by an active pressure hy ‘tensile strength, Fc= 490 MPa . varies linearly from 136 kN/in atthe base to 34 KN/m at the top, a : wit wit owabie shearingstress= 03K. <7 - ‘lowable bearing tess on projected ard of bt a : Ei 3087 aer pigiances: «i= 35 mim,s: 6) 50mm, 51 = 40 nm 34, Calculate the maisinun moment atthe base in Nm. so. tea the allowable load P08 sed he heareapacy of he bot, A. 725 ©, 4352 82 By & ters u 2176 3. 10a oa et ge ees 25, : te wal is provided with simple support a the top, calesate the maxima 1g, Caealate te allowable oad P (K8) bad on ot bearing tres, "A130 zs ae snoment atthe base in kN-n. A 707 400 5 435 a D. 510 Ceuta the free on tp ofthe wall hat wl inf the defection athe op of ieywall i 35mm. Assume Ei = 400,000 KN 9 04 78 209 (By102 I is 5 tcc no Seater teas sre ns sic val sumseoee resist 2.40 m height of sol Unit weight of soll is 173 kN/au> with Ke= 1/3 RiGee Mota ticclg res sir are ike wees a reecie 27 Sli ing one pn 178 i 45a 4 2 ee en 5 Oy [bet 38, Cifeatate the maximum Shearing stress inthe plankin MPa O95 fy a3 3 Ch! Oo ii omits alg? BE ee a ena : ia wads ewe el Re ie +B, 60 = 42, Gleulate the allowable load P (kN) Based on block shear of the double angle. 272 5 0172 Ave\sioC ps) D. 96 hota on) [eae = [teen]306 May 2016 Structural Engineer, and Constry; ie Situation 15 - brackets weldedio = b= 500mm f Load, P =360 &N. { Allowable wekd i shear stress, i Fo =93. MPa | 43, Calculate the load in the weld NEEL ble bending stvess in tension ise : wit oe nge teks, mi 6 te eiess am : oe ssion Bange = brte (mm?) Fee ree esata raed sant cust and tal b= fe toments of the compression fange,mm ‘ a atl tic ‘the compression flange plus 1/3 Se oncom op rt yb aa taken about an sim the plane oft 0, ‘mn F,=0.60 Fy Ha. (3) Allowable bonding stress in compression: ‘Tae allowable bonding stress in compression ie determined as the fyger val of £9. (4} or Eg. (5} whichever is applicable, and fq. (6); except that Hy (6) = apphieabie only to section with compression flange that” Is solid and ‘asiwately rectangular in eross:seetion and that his an area not fse than he tension flange, or channels, the allowable ennipressive stress is deleranaed tren tt} lee 20) viet Pn a chord is, ES on ina orom Bese) 2 2 ~ Propértes caine section: " i Gears sO ats) f “488 108 mm? eeepc. te Pe ‘ fe jy» 28721006, £ yy £060, a.)