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I

Contents
~ .-- '
· .' '. '
'
. · '

Preface v

learning about sat math

,

L
1 Know What You're up Against 3
f

Lesson l-1 Getting Acquainted with the Redesigried SAT 4

Lesson 1-2 Multiple-Choice Questions 9
it
Lesson l-3 Grid-in Questions 14 tL
L
?
L

2 SAT Math Strategies 21

I
. Lesson 2-1 SAT Math Strategies You Need to Know 22
Lesson 2-2 Guessing and Calculators on the SAT 71 E
T

Ir
i
i
THE FOUR MATHEMATICS CONTENT AREAS

3 Heart of Algebra 81

Lesson 3-1 Some Beginning Math Facts . 82

Lesson 3-2 Solving Linear Equations 91
t
Lesson 3-3 Equations with More Than One Va:iable 100
Lesson 3-4 Polynomials and Algebraic Fractions 106
Lesson 3-5 Factoring 114
Lesson 3-6 Quadratic Equations ' 122
Lesson 3-7 Systems of Equations 0
127
Lesson 3-8 Algebraic Inequalities 138
Lesson 3-9 Absolute Value Equations and Inequalities 144
Lesson 3-10 Graphing in the xy-Plane 149
Lesson 3-11 Graphing Linear Systems 168

G
Lesson 3-12 Working with Functions 177
Answer Key for Chapter 3 Tune-Up Exercises 189
·d

4 Problem Solving and Data Analysis

/
193
P

/" Lesson 4-1 Working with Percent r

194
Lesson 4-2 Ratio and Variation 200
Lesson 4-3 Rate Problems 209
Lesson 4-4 Converting Units of Measurement 215
Lesson 4-5 Linear and Exponential Functions 220
Lesson 4-6 Graphs and Tables 234

CONTENTS iii
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Lesson 4-7 Scatterplots and Sampling 245

Lesson 4-8 Summarizing Data Using Statistics 253
Answer Key for Chapter 4 Tune-Up Exercises 261

5 Passport To Advanced Math 263

Lesson 5-1 Rational Exponents 264

Lesson 5-2 More Advanced Algebraic Methods 270
Lesson 5-3 Complex Numbers 280
Lesson 5-4 Completing The Square 285
Lesson 5-5 The Parabola and Its Equations " 292
Lesson 5-6 Reflecting and Translating Function Graphs 305
Answer Key for Chapter 5 Tune-Up Exercises ' 316
P

6 Additional Topics in Math , 317

Lesson 6-1 Reviewing Basic Geometry Facts 318
Lesson 6-2 Area of Plane Figures 328
Lesson 6-3 Circles and Their Equation" 339

, Lesson 6-4 Solid Figures 355

Lesson 6-5 Basic Trigonometry " " 365 '
Lesson 6-6 The Unit Circle 377
Answer Key for Chapter 6 Tune-Up Exercises 386

SOLUTIONS FOR TUNE-UP EXERCISES

Worked out solutions for Chapters 3-6 391

TAKfNG PRACTICE TESTS

Practice Test 1 483

Answer Key " 506
Answer Explanations for Practice Test 1 508

PrXtice Test 2 521

Answer Key 545
Answer Explanations for Practice Test 2 547

How to Evaluate Your Performance on a Practice Test 559

iv MATH WORKBOOK FOR THE NEW SAT

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Q'
C

w Solving more complex equations including quadratic equations with a leading coeffi-
cient greater than I as well as nonfactorable quadratic equations. If yq
w Working with trigonometric functions of general angles measured in radians as well as an t i
SAT
degrees. r
que
(
an €
Table 1.1 summarizes the major differences between the m.ath sections of the previous and
gue '.
newly redesigned SATS. no I
for q !'
ans¶ !
Table 1.1 Comparing Old and New SAT Math redt
You !
0· L_m_· for ' '
W= · " · " 0 g ?" " 0 " 0 A O
0 %u2mumw you
cori i
Test Time I 70 minutes I BO minutes not '
for q .
Number of Three Two: one 55-minute calculator section and
sections one 25-minute no-calculator section · ans¶ !
. t

Number of 54 = 44 multiple-choice + 58=45multiple-choice+13grid-in

i
questions 10 grid-in I

€.
Calculators Allowed for each math Permitted for longer math section only
section L

i.
Point penalty for Yes No .
a wrong answer?
Multiple-choice 5 answer choices (A to E) 4 answer choices (A to D)
questions . P
k
k

Point value Each question counts as 1 Each question counts as 1 point.

point. '
Math content w Topics from arithmetic, m Greater foCus on three key areas:
algebra, and geometry algebra, problem solving and data
I m Only a few algebra 2 analysis, and advanced math
) topics m More algebra 2 and trigonometry topics,
w Not aligned with more multistep problems, and more
..
7
college-bound high problems with real-world settings
k
L

ir
L school mathematics w 'Stronger connection to college-bound
I

L
P
G
curricula high school mathematics courses ,
=
L.
k

k-

L
What Math Conteht Groups Are Tested?
F
A
,
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LI
·\
The new test includes math questions drawn from four major content groups:
L

L
m Heart of Algebra: linear equations and functions
t ..
t
F
w Problem Solving and Data Analysis: ratios, proportional relationships, percentages,
k-
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k
P
.-
C complex measurements, graphs, data interpretation, and statistical measures '
,

.
w Passport to Advanced Math: ajialyzing and working with advanced expressions
{ a
r
f
b Additional Topics in Math: essential geometric and trigonometric relationships
r
i- /
{

f-
S
r,
r
i.d"ble 1.2 summarizes in greater detailwhat is covered in each of the four math ccyitent groups
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k
tested by the redesigned SAT.

I? KNOW WHAT YOU'RE UP AGAINST 5

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,
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Table,1.2 The Four SAT Math Content Groups

P
. ma
-
0 0

Heart of Algetjra I m Solving various types of linear equations

m Creating equations and inequalities to represent relationships
between quantities and to use these to Solve problems
n Polynomials and Factoring
# Calculating midpoint, distance, and slope in the xy-p!ane
w' Graphing linear e'quations and inequalities in the xy-plane
w Solving systems of linear equations and inequalities
w Recognizing linear functions and function notation
' Problem Solving w Analyzing and describing relationships using ratios, proportions,
and Data Analysis percentages, and units of measurement
m Describing and analyzing data and,relationships using graphs,
scatter plots, and two-way tables
w Describing linear and exponential change by interpreting the
parts of a linear or exponential model
® Summarizing numerical data using statistical measures
Passport to w Performing more advanced operations involving polynomial
Advanced Math rational expressions, and rational exponents -
w Recognizing the relationship between the zeros, factors, and
graph of a polynomial function t

w Solving radical, exponential, and fractional equations

n Completing the square L

w Solving nonfactorable quadratic equations

w Parabolas and their equations
m Nonlinear systems of equations
h Transformations of functions and their graphs

Additiond Topics w Area and volume measurement

in Math w Applying geometric relationships and theorems involving lines,
angles, and triangles (isosceles, right, and similar). Pythagorean
theorem, regular polygons, and circles
m Equation of a circle and its graph
w Performing operations with complex numbers
w Working with trigonometric functions (radian measure, cofunction
relationships, unit circle, and the general angle)

What Types of Math Questions Are Asked?

The redesigned SAT includes two types of math questions:

a Multiple-choice (MC) questjons with four possible answer choices for each question.
w Student-produced response questions (grid-ins) which do not come with answer
choices. Instead, you must work out.the solution to the problem and then "grid-in" the
answer you arrived at on a special four-column grid.

How Are the Math Sections Set Up?

The redesigned SAT has two math sections: a section in which a calculator is permitted and
a shorter section in which a calculator is not allowed.

6 MATH WORKBOOK FOR THE NEW SAT

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w The 55-minute calculator section contains 38 questions. Not all questions in the calcu-
lator- section.require or benefit from using a calculator.
m The 25-minute no-calculator section has 20 questions. .
,
Table 1.3 Breaking Down the Two Math Sections ' ,r

·" · · " · " ·"

Calculator math section I 55 minutes I 30 MC + 8 grid-ins = 38 questions

No-calculator math section 25 minutes0 15 MC + 5 grid-ins = 20 questions p

i0
Table 1.4 summarizes how the four math content areas are represented in each of the math t

sections.
t"
i
m
k

Table 1.4 Number of Questions by Math'ContentArea

iI"
r-
r-
V
· %qmqm~mm
Heart of Algebra " 11 - " 8 19
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r-

Problem Solving and Data Analysis 17 — 17

Passport to Advanced Math 7 " 9 16" !E
I
Additional Topics in Math
Total
3
38
3
20
'6
58 "
i
i
p
l.

How Are the SAT Math, Scores Reported? i

When you receive your SAT Math score, you will find that your raw math test score has been p

iI
converted to a scaled score that ranges from 200 to 800, with 500 representing the average
SAT Math score. In addition, three math test subscores will be reported for the following areas:
(I) Heart of Algebni, (2) Problem Solving and Data Analysis, and (3) Advanced Math.

The Difficulty Levels of the Questions

As you work your way through each math section, qugstjons of the same type (multiple-
choice or grid-in) gradually become mOre difficult. Expect easier questions at the beginning
of each section and harder questions at the end. You should, therefore, concentrate on getting
as many of the earlier questions right as possible as each correct answer counts the same.

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KNOW WHAT YOU'RE UP AGAINST 7
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,
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LESSON 3-¶ TUNE-UP EXERCISES

Muftiple-Choice
7. If lu is a positive number and lu2 = 2, then
1. If5 a",then 5
a / IU'=

(A) a""l (A) JZ

(B) a"_i (B) 2-vS
(C) a>" (C) 4
(D) a: (D) 3ja

. 2. Ify=25-x2andlsxs5,whatisthe 8. Ifx Aanci y' 12,then -4-

smallest possible value of y? xy
(A)
(B)
0
1
'^' 2a
(C) 5
(B) ":-
(D) 10
3
(C) JZ
3. Given y = lux2 and yis not 0. If the values of
x and iu are each doubled, then the value of (D) 232
y is multiplied by

(A) I
9. If x is a positive integer such than x9 = r and
(B) 2
x5 = iu, which of the following must be equal
(C) 4
to Xl3?
(D) 8
(A) rw - I
4 If x" Xl5 and (x4)" x20, then mn (B) r+ w-l
Xm (C) .r.'
IU
(A) 13 (D) r2 — LU
(B) 24
(C) 28 10. Caitlin has a movie rental card worth $175.

(D) 40 After she rents the first movie, the card's

value is $172.25. After she rents the second

5. If 2 = p3, then Bp must equal movie, its value is $169.50. After she rents

the third movie, the card is worth $166.75.

(A) p6
Assuming the pattern continues, which of
(B) pB
the following equations define A, the
(C) p1O
(D) 8ja amount of money on the rental card after n

rentals?

6. If 1Ok-3 = m, then lOk =

I (A) 175 - 2.75n

(B) 2.75n - 175 '

(A) 1,OOOm
(C) (175 - 2.75)n
(B) m + 1,000

"' lGo (D) :,:: n,

(D) m - 1,000

88 MATH WORKBOOK FOR THE NEW SAT

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li. Three times the sum of a number and four is 16. If it takes h hours to paint a rectangular wall
equal to five times the number, decreased by that is x feet wide and y feet long, how many
two. If x represents the number, which minutes does it take to paint I square foot of
equation is a correct translation of the the bulletin board?
statement?
(A)',:,
(A) 3(ic + 4) = 5x - 2
(B) 3(x+ 4) = 5(X-2) 60h
(B) xy
(C) 3x+4=5x-2
(C) 6h)(x+y)
(D) 3x + 4 = 5(x- 2)
F

(D) .',:
,
12. Owen gets paid $280 per week plus 5% t
E
E
.

commission on al! sales for selling electronic L

E
E
L
E
k
equipment. If he sells d dollars worth of i
t

17. If Carol earns x dollars a week for 3 weeks

· electronic equipment in one week, which
algebraic expression represents the amount and y dollars a week for 4 weeks, what is the
of money he will earn m lu weeks? average number of dollars per week that she -
earns?
(A) (280d + 5)lu
(B) 280 + 0.05dw (A) :(x+y)
(C) (280 + 0.05d)w
(D) 280W + 0.05d (B) 3x;4y
(

13. Which expression represents the number of (C) 127'y

hours in iu weeks and d days?

(A) 7iu + 12d

(B) 84W + 24d
'"' :":
(C) 168W + 24d 18. Tim bought a skateboard and two helmets
(D) 168W + 60d for a total of d dollars. If the skateboard costs
s dollars, the cost of each helmet could be
14. Which verbal expression can be represented represented by which of the folloWing
by 2(x -,5)? expressions?
(A) 5 less than 2 times x (A) 2ds
(B) 2 multiplied by x less 5

1
!
(C) twice the difference of x and 5
(D) the product of 2 and x, decreased by 5 "' :'
(C) d2 '
i
15. If k pencils cost c centS, what..is the cost .1r
k
I (D) d - S
cents of p pencils?
Z 2
P
F
l.
.
(A) ·P$'
i

' (B) .p.k.

c
b

c .
") 6
i
rr
i
rr
r
(D) cpk
t

f HEART OF ALGEBRA 89
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19. The length of a rectahgle is three feet less (b'""")'

than twice its width. If x represents the . bn . b""'
· width of the rectangle, in feet, which
inequality represents the area of the 21. The expression above is equivalent to which
rectangle that is at most 30 square feet? , of the following?

{A) x{2X - 3) < 30 (A) b'

(B) x(2x - 3) z 30 (B) i!,
(C) x(3 - 2x) g; 30 LJ

(D) X(3 - 2x) z 30 (C) b2n

20. In 1995, the U.S. federal government paid off

'"'i!'
one-third of its debt. If the original amount
of the debt was $4,920,000,000,000, which
expression represents the amount that was
not paid off?

(A) 1.64xl04
(B) 1.64xl012
(C) 3.28 X 108
(D) 3.28 X 10'2

Grid-in
I. If24x42=16",thenx= 3. If y = 22P-l and z = p - 2, what is the value
2 If a7 7,777 and .a.'- 11, what is the value of .y- when p = 2.5? .}

b z
of ab?
4. Ifl3Gks21,9Sps19,2<m<6,andk,p,
and m are integers, what is the largest
possible value of k " P?
m

90 MATH WORKBOOK FOR THE NEW SAT

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" '""' ' """""' """ "" '"' '4j ' NE UP' '"' ' ' """ ' " S
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Multiple-Choice
5. If 3j- (k + 5) = 16 - 4k, what is the value of
1. If " n"n :, what is the value of :?
J + I"?

(A) 193 (A) 8

(B) 7
(B) : ' (C) 5
(D) 4
(C) :
6. If:(lOp+2)=p+7,then4p=
(D) .i;.
(A) 6
2, If P + 4 = 13, what is the value of p? (B) :
p-4
(C) 4
(A) : (D) 3

(B) :: 7. If 0.25y + 0.36 = 0.33y - 1.48, what is

the value of le?
(C) -2g8.

(A) 2.30'
(D) -i;.
(B) 1.40
(D) 0.75
3. If4x+7=12,whatisthevalueof8x+3? (C) 0.64

(A) 9 8, If 4k 36,then '3k

(B) li 7 7
(C) 13
(D) 15
(A) 21
(B) 27
4. : x 4. 9, what is the value of I:? (C) 32
(D) 35

(A) 3
9. Iflx+1x+lx=l4,thenx=
(B) 2
2 4 8
(C) :
(A) 4

(D) : . (B) 8
(C) 12
(D) 16

96 MATH WORKBOOK FOR THE NEW SAT

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10. if-2-=2,thenx+2= Br + 7 11
X 4s

15. If:r+l=s+1,whatisthevalueofr+sfor
(A) :
the equation above?
(B) :
(C) 3 (A) :
(D) 4
(B) :
11. If y_2 _
2 .-y+2,theny= (C) 1
(D) :
(A) .-6
(B) -4
(C) -2
' 16. Ifm+l 5("3_1),,h,n:
(D) 4

12, If-27y=y:3,theny= (A) :

(B) :
(A) 5
(B) 9 (C) 2
(C) 13
.(D) :
(D) 21'

'13. If : = 4, then3y= 5(p - I) + 6 _ 7 - (3 - 2p)

8 " 12
(A) 4 . 17. In the equation above, what is the value

(B) 12 of p?
(C) 24

, (D) 36 (A) :
14. When the number k is multiplied by 5, the (B) j5j
result is the same as when 5 is added to k. 2

What is the value of k? (C) 3

(A) : (D) j9j'

(B) 1
(C) 5
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heart of algebra 97
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Người dạy: Thầy An - ĐHBKHN - DD: 0915380009 - Gmail:annguyenvanbk@gmail.com
I 8. During the investigation of an archeologica! ,
dig, a femur bone was found and used to
estimate the height of the person it came
from using the formula h = 61.4+ 2.3F, where
h is the height, in centimeters, of a person
whose femur is F centimeters in length.
Using this formula, the height of the person
was eetimatpd to be 5 feet 8 inches. The
length of the femur, in centimeters, was
closest to which of the following lengths?
[Note: I inch = 2.54 centimeters]
(A) 37.3
(B) 48.4
(C) 51.0
(D) 56.3
19. Last month, Sara, Ryan, and Taylor received
a total of 882 emails. If Sara received 25%
more emails than the sum of the number of
emails received by Ryan and Taylor, how
many emails did Sara receive?
(A) 448
(B) 486
(C) 490
(D) 504
Grid-in
]. jf 2iu - I = 2, what is the value of iu2 - I?
2. If li - 3x is 4 less than 13, what is the value
of 6x?
3. If2x+l=8and15-3y=O,whatis
x
value of 'y'?
4. The total score in a football game was 72
points. The winning team scored 12 points
more than the losing team. How many
points did the winning team score?
5. Max's cell phone plan"charges a monthly
"pay-as-you-go rate" of $0.13 for each text
message sent or received. If Max was
chatged $7.41 for 15 more sent texts than he
received, how many texts ,did Max send?
98 MATH WORKBOOK FOR THE NEW SAT
2.0. In an election for senior class president,
Emily received approximately 25% more
votes than Alexis. If Emily received 163 votes,
the number of votes Alexis received is closest
to
(A) 122'
(B) 130
(C) 138
(D) 204
t:
21. At City High School, the sophom.ore class
has 60 morC students than the freshman
class. The junior class has 50 fewer students
than twice the students in the freshman
class. The senior class is three times as large
as the freshman class. ,. If there are a total of
1,424 students at City High School, how
many students are in the freshman class?
(A) 202
(B) 205
(C) 235
(D) 236
6 If j;x ;X : + :, what is the value
of X?
.5(j'y_ 2) - : = 0
7. In the equation above, what is the value of y?
,
D = 141 - 0.16p
S=64+0.28p
8. The set of equations above describes how
the'supply, S, and demand, D, for a
computer memory chip depends on market
price. If p represents the price in dollars for
each lot of 10 memory chips, for what dollar
price per memory chip does supply equal
demand?
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9 If 7(X+9) I 41, whatis the value ofx 92
4 care for each cat and $5.50 per day to care
10. Gerald and Jim work at a furniture store.
Gerald is paid $185 per week plus 4% of his
total sales. Jim is paid $275 per week plus
2.5% of his total sales. What amount of sales
will make their weekly pay the same?
14. An animal shelter spends $2.35 per day to
for each dog. If $89.50 is spent caring for a
total of 22 cats and dogs, how much was
spent on caring for all of the cats?
r=2.24+0.06x
p=2.89+0.lOx

15. In the equations above, r and p represent

li. If 7 quarters and n nickels is equivalent to
380 pennies, what is the value of n?
12. A gardener is planting two types of trees:
· Type A is three feet tall and grows at a rate
of 15 inches per year.
· Type B is five feet tall and grows at a rate of
9 inches per year.
the price per gallon, in dollars, of regular
and premium grades of gasoline,
respectively, x months after January I of last
year. What was the cost per gallon, in dollars,
of premium gaso'line'for the'mcmth' in which ,
the per gallon price of premium exceeded
the per gallon price of regular by $0.93?

How many years will it take for these trees to

grow to the same height?

9n - (5n - 3) 2(n - I) - (3 - 7n)

8 . 12

13. In the equation above, what is the value

of n?

HEART OF ALGEBRA 99

I
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Multiple-Choice
1. If V = : Bh, what is h expressed in terms of
5. If s 2x+t,thenx
r
B and V?
(A) rs2"t
(A) :VB
(B) rs;i
"' 3): (C) 2rs - t
(C) -3BV. '(D) rs - 2t

(D) 3VB 6. Ifx=xo+:(l/+v0)t,whatisUintermsof

2 If F - k:,M, ,hen m -- the other variables?

(A) 2(x - Xq)

Uot
'A' :G (B) 2(x - Xo) - Uq
(B) kFr' t
M , (C) t(x - Xq)
2uo.

'"' ::
(d) F(r' + kMj
(D) i/,t _ 2(x - Xq)

3. If P = 2(L + W), what is Win terms of P 7. If 2s - 3t = 3t- s, what is s in terms of t?

and L?
(A) :
(A) P - 2L
(B) 2t
(B) P"22L (C) t+2
(D) ;+i
(C) 2L2"P

(D) :(P - L) 8. Ifxy+z= y,whatisxinterms ofyandz?

¢
(A) y;"
4. If A = :h(x+ y),whatis yinterms ofA, h,
(B) y " "
Z
and X?
(C) y y'"
Q
, ." (A) 2A h'h"
(D) 1 - Z
L
(B) A2hh" '
L
:
L
L

(C) 2Ah - X
i
L

i (D) 2A - hx
L-

L
L
P
HEART OF ALGEBRA 103
t

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9. If b(x + 2y) = 60 and by = 15, what is the 13. Ifa+b+c a+b thenc-
Value of bx? ' 3 " 2"

(A) 15 (A) ";b

(B) 20
(C) 25 (B) ";t'
(D) 30
(C) 5a+5b
10. If " b b :, what is the value of :? (D) ";t'

(A) : 14. If the value of n nickels plus d dimes is c

cents, what is n in terms of d?
(B) :
(A) : - 2d
(C) :
. (B) 5c- 2d
(C) "lOd
(D) :

11. Ifs+3sis2morethant+3t,thens-t= '"' :: "

(A) -2
15 If L : x, a - 2c, and b - 5d, what is the
(B) -:
value of c in terms of x?
(C) : d

(D) : ' (A) ;X

(B) ;X
12. If I - r and pm-q, what is p in terms of
p+q (C) ;X
randq?

(A) 'qq"l (D) ;X

(B) 1"q'q
4 2
t —1 IU -I
r
(C) l+rq
16. If in the equation above t¥ I and lu # I,
(D) l_'q then t=
r
(A) 2iu - I
(B) 2(iu- I)
(C) IU- 2
(D) 2iu

104 math Workbook for the new sat

Người dạy: Thầy An - ĐHBKHN - DD: 0915380009 - Gmail:annguyenvanbk@gmail.com
" _]

Grid-in
1. If16xa2x64=(4xb)2andaandbare
positive integers, then b is how many times
greater than a?
:··:·=::
4. ,,Ih the equation above, if x and y are positive
integers, what is the value of x + y?
2. If 3a - c = 5b and 3a + 3b - c = 40, what is the
value of b?
5. If : x + : y = y - 2x, then what is the value
3. If a = 2x + 3 and b = 4x - 7, for what value of
X
X is 3b = 5a? of y?

/P

--J

HEART OF ALGEBRA 105

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Multiple-Choice
1 20b' - 8b a and a # b, then, in terms of
5. If p =
4b " a-b
a and b, I- p=
(A) 5b' - 2b
'(B) 5b' - 2 (A) baa
(C) 5b' - 8b
(D) 5b2- 2 ' (B) bba

3 4 5iu (C) aab

IU 3 " lOw'

2. In the equatiori above, what isp the value '"' a!iF

of uR

6. If(a-b)2+(a+b)2=24,thena2+b2=
(A) .i;.
(A) 4
(B) :: (B) 12
(C) 16
(C) :: (D) 18

(D) .i;. 2 1 _ p' +1

p 2p " p'+l

P= 4x-z + 3y 7. In the equation above, what is the value

I
Q=-x+4z+3y ofb?
3. Using the definitions above for P and Q,
what is 2P - Q? (A) :
(A) 7x - 6z + 3y
(B) 9x+2z+9y
, (B) :
(C) 9x - 6z + 3y
(D) 7x - 6z + 9y
(C) :
(D) 3
4. If (x - y)2 = 50 and xy = 7, what i's the value
ofx' + y'? 8. Ifr=t+2ands+2=t,thenrs=
(A) 8
(A) t'
(B) 36
(B) 4
(C) 43 ,
(C) t' -4
'T
.' (D) 64
(D) t'-4t+4
,.

HEART OF ALGEBRA 111

Người dạy: Thầy An - ĐHBKHN - DD: 0915380009 - Gmail:annguyenvanbk@gmail.com

9. Which statement is true for all real values of

m 3(m - 4) 5(3 - m)
xandy? ' 2 5 " 6
(A) (x+y)'=x'+y'
14. What value of m makes the equation above a
(B) x'+x'=x'
true statement?
(C) 22:' 4
(A) 287

(D) (3x)? = 6jc2

(B) 232

10. If (p - q)2 = 25 and pq = 14, what is the value

of (p+ (i)'? (C) ::
(A) 25 (D) .i;;.
(B) 36
' (C) 53
(D) 81 15. If {k+ ::' 16, then k' + kli

11. If : : 1, what is 2a + 3b in terms of b?

(A) 4
(B) 8
(A) .7:. +1 (C) 12
(D) 14
(B) .i;. , 4

(C) 13b3 "I

"' " :='";'""" :"
X
(D) .i;. (A) y X

(B) y -1
X
12. [f(x+5)(x+p)=x2+2x+k,then
(C) y
(A) p=3andk=5 X- y
(B) p = -3 and k = 15
(D) y
(C) p = 3 and k = -15 y—X

· (D) p = -3 and k = -15

ll+s I 1- 3s
—=—+—
13. For what value of p is (x - 2)(x + 2) = 12r 6 4r
x(X - p)?
17. In the equation above, what is r in terms

(A) -4 ' of S?
(B) 0
(A) r=5s+4
(C) 2
S- 2
(B) r =
x 3
(D) 4
(C) r=4s+5
x S+ 3
(D) r =
2

!12 MATH WORKBOOK FOR THE NEW SAT

Người dạy: Thầy An - ĐHBKHN - DD: 0915380009 - Gmail:annguyenvanbk@gmail.com
r— — —

Grid-in
I. If (3y- 1)(2y + k) = ay' + by- 5 for all values [-

L-
of y, what is the value of a + b?

2. If4x2+20x+ r= (2x+s)2forallvalues ofx,

what is the value of r - S?

5 _ -(11-7y) , I I
8" 4y 2y 8

3. What value of y makes the equation above a

. true statement?

HEART OF ALGEBRA 113

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Multiple-Choice
d 4. If xy = 1 and x * -y, what is x in
q=d+n
X+y
terms of y?
].. On a manufacturer's assembly line, d parts
are found to be defective and n parts are (A) y"l
nondefective. The formula above is used to y -1
calculate a quality-of-parts ratio. What is d (B) y"l
expressed in terms of the other two y
variables?
(C) y
y -I
n
(A) 1 q
(D) y
y +1
(b) l"qq

n
5 What is the sum of ;xj and ;: + :
(C) q I
expressed in simplest form?
(d) q"ql
(A) 4x+l

X -1

2. The sum of a , a b , and a, b b , is (B) 4(x + I)

X -1
(C) 4(x'+4x+l)

X2 — 1
(A) 1
a -b
(D) 4!: " :)
(B) a
a -b
(C) b
a-b 6. If h x' - I + x' " I, what is x in terms of h?
X+I X -I
(D) "+b L

a-b

3. If ax + x2 = jy2 ay, what is a in. terms of x

'^' :
(B) 2h+l
and y? (C) 2h - 1
(D) h
(A) y- X
.2
(B) X- y
(C) x+y
(D) x'+y'
X- y

120 MATH WORKBOOK FOR THE NEW SAT

Người dạy: Thầy An - ĐHBKHN - DD: 0915380009 - Gmail:annguyenvanbk@gmail.com
F""

X4 — I
7. If ax' bx - ay' + by, then : 10. Ifx2=k+l,thenx'+1"

(A) I (A) le
X- y (B) k'

(B) I (C) k+2

X+ y - (D) k-2
(C) " " y
X-F y 11. If p = x(3x + 5) - 28, then p is divisible by
(D) ""y which of the following expressions?
X- y
(A) 3X+4
8. Ifa*banda'"b' a + b, then what is (B) x- 4
9 (C) X+7
the value of a - b? (D) 3x - 7

(A) : 12. If (X + p) is a factor of both x2+ 16x + 64 and

4x2 + 37X + k, where p and k are nonzero
(B) 3 integer constants, what could be the value
(C) 9 of k?
(D) 12
(A) 9
r+S 3 Br + 8s (B) 24
9. If X y"47th'nl5X 15y"
(C) 40
(D) 63
(A) ::
(I) 185

(C) 176

(D) :

HEART OF ALGEBRA 121

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Multiple-Choice F

r.
I
Equation (I): 2x2+ 7x = 4
1. The fraction x"2 is not defined I

X' + 4X-21 Equation (2): (y - 1)2 = 9

when x =
6. If fis the greater of the two roots of Equation
(A) 2 (I) and gis the lesser of the two roots of
(B) 7or-3 ' Equation (2), what is the value of the
(C) -7 or3 productf x g?
(D) -7 or-3
(A) -4
2, If a' 2a, then a equals (B) -1
2 · (C) 2
(D) 8
(A) Oor-2
(B) Oor2 X3 - 20X = X2
(C) Oor-4
(D) O'or4 7. If a, b, and c represent the set of all values of
x that satisfy the equation abOve, what is the
3. If (s - 3)2 = 0, what is the value of value of (a + b + C) + (abc)?
(S+3)(S+5)? (A) -I
(A) 48 (B) 0
(B) 24 (C) I
(C) 15 (D) 9
(D) 0
8 If x' x, then x
3
4. Ifk 7+:,whatisthevalueofk'+::?
(A) Oor-3
(A) 33 (B) 3 only
(B) 49 (C) 0 only
(C) 64 ' (D) Oor3
(D) 65
9. By how much does the sum of the roots of
the equation (x + l)(x - 3) = 0 exceed the
18 - 3iu IU'
W+6 "W+6 product of its roots?

5. Which of the following represents the sum of (A) I

all possible solutions to the equation above? (B) 2
7

(C) 3
. (A) -9 (D) 5
.' (B) -3
' (C) 3
(D) 9

HEART OF ALGEBRA 125

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10. If x2 - 63X - 64 = 0 and p and n are integers

x _ 2x + i
such that p" ="x, which of the fcillowing 2x -I x+2
CANNOT be a value for p?
12. If m and n represent the solutions of the
(A) -8 equation above, what is the value of m + n?
(B) -4
(C) -I (A) -:
(D) 4
(B) -:
II. If r>Oandr'=6.25rt"2,thenr=
(C) :
(A) :
(D) :
(B) :
(C) i (t-'2)' ='"A
(D) : 13. If p and q represent the solutions of the
equation above, jvhat is the value Of p x q?

(A) -:
(B) :
(C) :
(D) .i;.

Grid-in
1. If (4p + 1)2 = 81 and p > 0, what is a possible X' + 16 = lOx'
value of p?
5. If p and q are distinct roots of the equation
2. If (x - l)(x - 3) = -1, what is a possible,value above and pq > 0, what is the value of the
of X? product pq?

3. By what amount does the sum of the roots

exceed the product of the roots of the (2a - 5)2 = (4 - 3a)2
equation (x - 5)(x + 2) = 0?
6. What is the sum of the roots of the equation
above?
" (3k+ 14)k= 5
4. If r and s represent the solutions of the
equation above and r > s, what is the value Q

of the difference r - S?

726 MATH WORKBOOK FOR THE NEW SAT

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-· >
,. '....'. .: .: .:.

Multiple-Choice

I. If2x-3y= lland3x+ 15= 0,whatis the 5. Ifx-y=3 andx+y=5,whatisthevalue

value of y? , of y?

(A) -7 (A) -4
(B) -5 (B) -2
(C) 1 (C) -1
3 (D) 1
(D) 3
6. If5x+y=19andx-3y=7,thenx+y=
2. If 2a= 3b and 4a + b= 21, then b =
(A) -4
(A) I (B) -I
(B) 3 (C) 3
(C) 4 (D) 4
(D) 7
7. If x - 9 = 2y and x + 3 = 5y, what is the value
3. If2p+q=l1andp+2q=13,thenp+q= of X?

(A) 6 (A) -2
' (B) 8 (B) 4
(C) 9 (C) li
(D) 12 (D) 17

2(x+y)=3y+5 8. If : + : : and : : - :, then x

3%+ 2y=-3

4. Which equivalent equation could be used to (A) :

solve the system of equations above?

(A) 3(5;y:+2y=-3 (B) :

(C) 2
(b) 3(: -y:+2y=-3 (D) 4 .
(C) 3X+2(2X+5)=-3
9. If 5a + 3b - 35 and : :, what is the value
(D) 3x+ 2(5 - 2x) =-3

of a?

(A) .15!

(B) :
(C) 5
(D) 7

134 MATH WORKBOOK FOR THE NEW SAT

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15. If3x+y=candx+y=b,whatisthevalueof
IQ, If x 6, y 4, and x 36, What is
x in terms of c and b?
y LU
the value of W? (A) '"3 b

(A) : (B) '"2 b

(B) : (C) b 3"

(C) 2 (D) b 2"

(D) 4

II. If4r+7s=23andr-2s=17then 16. Ifa+b=llanda-b=7,thenab=

·|
3r+ 3s=
(A) 6
(A) 8 · (B) 8
(B) 24 (C) 10
(C) 32 (D) 18
(D) 40
X-Z=7 .
12, IfP;q=3andrp-rq=12,thenr= X + y= 3

Z- y = 6
(A) -I
17. For the above system of three equations, x =
(B) I
(C) 2 (A) 5
(D) 4 (B) 6
(C) 7
13. If (a + b)2 = 9 and (a - b)2 = 49, what is the
(D) 8
value of a2 + b2?

a = 4c
(A) 17
(B) 20 c = re
(C) 29 a = 5e
' (D) 58
18. For the system of equations above, if e # 0,
what is the value of r?'
3x- y= 8 - X
6x+ 4y=2y-9 (A) :O
14.' For the system of equations above, what is
the value of the product xy? (B) :
F
·r (A) -3 (C) :
.(B) -2
~
·' (C) 2 (D) 1
(D) 3
d

ii
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HEART OF ALGEBRA 135

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Người dạy: Thầy An - ĐHBKHN - DD: 0915380009 - Gmail:annguyenvanbk@gmail.com

19. During the next football season, a player's

Food Protein Calories
earnings, x, will be 0.005 million dollars
,Cereal 5g 90
more than those of a teammates' earnings, y.
The two players will earn a total of 3.95 Milk 8g 80
million dollars. Which system of equations
could be used to determine the amount each 20. The table above shows the number of grams
player will earn, in millions of dollars? of protein and the number of calories in
T

single servings of bran flakes cereal and

(A) x+y=3.95
milk. How many servings of each are needed
X+ 0.005 = y
to get a total of 35 grams of protein and 470
(B) X- 3.95 = y calories?
y+ 0.005 = X
(A) 2 servings of milk; 4 servings of cereal
(C) y- 3.95 = X (B) 2 : servings of milk; 2 : servings
X-F 0.005 = y
' of cereal
(D) x+y=3.95
(C) 3 servings of milk; 2 1 servings of
y+ 0.005 = X
2
cereal
(D) 2 : servings of milk; 3 servings of

cereal

Grid-in
I. If5 sips+4 gulps= lglassandl3 sips + 7
gulps = 2 glasses, how many sips equal a
gulp?
2. When Amy exercises in her fitness center for
.. I hour she burns a total of 475 calories. If
she burns 9 calories a minute jogging on the
treadmill and then burns 6.5 cdories a
minute pedaling on the stationary bicycle,
how many minutes of the hour does she
spend exercising on the bicycle?
3. John and Sara each bought the same type of
pen and notebook in the school bookstore,
which does not charge sales tax. John paid
$5.55 for two pens and three notebooks, and
Sara paid $3.50 for one pen and two
notebooks. How much does the school
bookstore charge for one notebook? .
jr _ i s = 8
2 3
5r Is 29
8 4
4. For the system of equations above, what is
thevalueofr+s?
5. During its first week of business, a market
sold a total of 108 apples and oranges. The
second week, five times the number of
apples and three times the number of
oranges were sold. A total of 452 apples and
oranges were sold during the second week.
How many more apples ihan oranges were
sold in the first week?

136 MATH WORKBOOK FOR THE NEW SAT

3
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=_--- . —I --. - — —

6. Jacob and Zachary go to the movie theater

and purchase refreshments for their friends.
jacob spends a total of $18.25 on two bags of
popcorn and three drinks. Zachary spends a
total of $27.50 for four bags of popcorn and
two drinks. What is the cost for purchasing
one bag of popcorn and one drink?

For Questions 7 and 8 refer to the

information below.

A mobile phone-based taxi service charges a

base fee of $2 plus an amount per minute
and an additional amount per mile for the
trip. Ariel is charged $16.94 for' a ride that '
takes 14 minutes and travels 10 miles.
Victoria is charged $11.30 for a ride that
takes 10 minutes and travels 6 miles.

7. What is the per-minute charge?

8. What would be the charge for a ride that

takes 8 minutes and travels 5 miles?

A
·1

fi

HEART OF ALGEBRA 137

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. LESSON 3-8 TUNE-UP.'EX RCISRS' ,,' ''L '
Multiple-Choice
1. What is the largest integer value of 5. Which of the following numbers is NOT a
p that satisfies the inequality 4 + 3p < p + I? solution of the inequality 7 - 5x g -3(x - 5)?
V

(A) -2 (A) "5

(B) -1 (B) -4
(C) 0 (C) -2
(D) 1 (D) 1'

2. If -3 < 2x + 5 < 9, which of the following 6. Tamara has a cell phone plan that charges
CANNOT be a possible value of X? $0.07 per minute plus a monthly fee of
$19.00. She budgets $29.50 per month for
(A) -2
total cell phone expenses without taxes.
(B) -1
What is the maximum number of minutes
(C) 0
Tamara coUld use her phone each month in
(D) 2
order to stay within her budget?

3. Roger is having a picnic for 78 guests. He (A) 150

plans to serve each guest at least one hot (B) 271
dog. If each package, p, contains eight hot (C) 421
dogs, which inequality could be used to (D) 692
determine the number Qf packages of hot
dogs Roger must buy? 7. What is the solution of 3(2m - I) :5 4m + 7?

(A) mZ5

'^' :"'
(B) 8pz78
(B) m<5
(C) mz4
(C) 8+pz78 (D) m<4

t
(D) 78-pz8
I 8. An online music club has a one-time
I 4. Peter begins his kindergarten year able to registration fee of $13.95 and Charges $0.49
spell 10 words. He is going to learn to spell 2 to buy each song. If Emma has $50.00 to join .
i
-r new words every day. Which inequality can the club and buy songs, what is the
r
r

! be used to determine how many days, d, it maximum number of songs she can buy?
r

I takes Peter to be able to spell at least 85

L (A) 73
words?
(B) 74'
(A) 2d+lOz85 (C) 130
(B) 20d r 85 (D) 131
-C-
(C) (d+2)+lOz85
·' (D) 2d- 10 g 85
m

.
k
¥
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k
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P HEART OF ALGEBRA 141
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Người dạy: Thầy An - ĐHBKHN - DD: 0915380009 - Gmail:annguyenvanbk@gmail.com
9. The ninth grade class at a local high school
needs to purchase a park permit for $250.00
for their upcoming class picnic. Each ninth
grader attending the picnic pays $0.75. Each
guest pays $1.25. If 200 ninth graders attend
the picnic, which inequality can be used to. '
determine the number of guests, x, needed
to cover the cost of the permit?
(A) 0.75X - (1.25)(200) Z 250.00
(B) 0.75x + (1.25)(200) Z 250.00
(C) (0.75)(200) - 1.25X 2 250.00
(D) (0.75)(200) + l.25x Z 250.00
10. If 2(x - 4) Z : (5 - 3x)" and x is an integer,
what is the smallest possible value of X2?
(A) I
4
(B) I
(C) 4
(D) 9
11. Edith tutors after school for which she gets
paid at a rate of $20 an hour. She has also
accepted a job as a library assistant that pays
$15 an hour. She will work both jobs, but she
is able to work no more than a total of 11
hours a week, due to school commitments.
Edith wants to earn at least $185 a week
working a combination of both jobs. Which
, inequality can be used to represent the
situation?
(A) 20(1l+x)+W>15
X
(B) 20x+l5(ll-x)>185
(C) 15(11 X)+.1-8.5., 20
X
(D) 15x+20(1l+x)>185
742 MATH WORKBOOK FOR THE NEW SAT
12. Guy is paid $185 per week plus 3% of his
total sdes in dollars, and Jim is paid $275
per week plus 2.5% of his total sales in
dollars. If d represents the dollar amount of
sales for each Person, which inequality
represents the amount of sales for which
P
Guy is paid more than Jim?
(A) d > 18,000
(B) d < 18,000
(C) d > 12,500
(D) d < 12,500
13. Connor wants to attend the town carnival.
The price of admission to the carnival is
$4.50, and each ride costs an additional 79
cents. If he can spend at most $16.00 at the
carnival, which inequality can be used to
solve for r, the number of rides Connor can
go on, and what is the maximum number of
rides he can go on?
(A) 0.79 + 4.50r£ 16.00; 3 rides
(B) 0.79+4.50rSl6.00;4rides
(C) 4.50 + 0.79r£ 16.00; 14 rides
(D) 4.50 + 0.79r£ 16.00; 15 rides
14. For how many integer values of b is b + 3 > 0
andl>2b-9? '
(A) Four
(B) Five
(C) Six
(D) Seven
Người dạy: Thầy An - ĐHBKHN - DD: 0915380009 - Gmail:annguyenvanbk@gmail.com

Grid-in
I. For what integer value of y is y + 5 > 8 and
2y-3 <7?
2. If 2 times an integer x is increased by 5, the
" result is always greater than 16 and less than
29. What is the least value of X?
3. If 2 < 20X - 13 < 3, what is one possible value
for X?
1 1 1 1 1 1 I I day. Each printer costs $125 and each
—+—-—+—<—-—+—+—
7 8 9 10 8 9 10 n
4.' For the above inequality, what is the greatest
possible positive integer value of n?
. maximum number of printers it can ship
5. Chelsea has $45 to spend at an amusement
park. She spends $20 on admission and $15
on snacks. She wants to play a game that
costs $0.65 per game. What is the maximum
number of times she can play the game?
6. Chris rents a booth at a flea market at a cost
of $75 for one day. At the flea market Chris
sells picture frames each of which costs him
$.6.00. If Chris sells each picture frame for
$13, how many picture frames must he sell
to Inake a profit of at least $200 for that day?
7. An online electronics store must sell at least
$2,500 worth of printers and monitors per
monitor costs $225. The store can ship a
maximum of 15 items per day. What is the
each day?
5 I I 3
— < — — —X < -—
3 2 3 2
8. For the inequality above, what is a possible
value of x - 3?

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HEART OF ALGEBRA 143

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