Chapter 24

Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

1. Answer (1) For transition between 3 to 2,
According to Einstein photo electric equation  1 1
E  13.6   
4 9
hc
–   K max
 13.6  5
 = 1.88 eV
 (3.10 eV – 1.68 eV) = Kmax 36

 Kmax = 1.42 eV Work function = 1.88 eV – 0.8 eV

2. Answer (1) = 1.08 eV = 1.1 eV

X-rays frequency is more than that of UV rays. 8. Answer (3)

So, KE max and stopping potential increase. Franck-Hertz exp.– Discrete energy level.
Statement-2 is incorrect. Photoelectrons are emitted
with a range of kinetic energies because different Photo-electric effect– Particle nature of light
electrons have different binding energies.
Davison-Germer exp.– Diffraction of electron beam.
3. Answer (2)
9. Answer (4)
P = nh
hc 1
4 × 103 = 1020 × 6.63 × 10–34 ×     mv 2 ...(i)
 2
4
  1017 Hz . This is range of X-rays. hc 1
6.63 4    mv12 ...(ii)
3 2
4. Answer (1)
As initial momentum is zero, so final momentum 4  1 1 4
(ii) –  (i) gives, = mv  mv1 
2 2

must also be zero. 3 3 2 2 3

 The two nuclei have equal and opposite 1

momentum. 4  4 2
 V  V   V1    V
1
2 2

 Same wavelength 3 3

5. Answer (2) 10. Answer (2)

6. Answer (4) m1  m
(m  m2 )v
When wavelength exceeds a certain wavelength, v1  1 0 m
m1  m2 m2 
photoelectric effect ceases to exist. 2
v
7. Answer (2) =
3

mv 2m eV 1 2m v 
r  = = V  p1  m.  
qB eB B e 3

2m1v 4v
B 2 r 2e v2  0=
 V = 0.8 V m1  m2 3
2m
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m  4v  2mv 1  5  10 10 m
p2  
2  3  3
h 6.6  1034
 p  
 de-Broglie wavelength A  2  2 : 1 m1 5  1010  9.1  1031
B p1
= 1.45 × 106 m/s
11. Answer (1)
15. Answer (1)
1 hc
m(2v )2   0 h =  + eV0
2 350
hc
1 hc    eV1
and, mv 2   0 1
2 540
hc
 hc   hc     eV2
 4    30 2
 540   350 
 9.12 – 3.54 = 30  1 1 
1240     e(V1  V2 )
 300 400 
 0  1.8 eV
(V1 – V2)  1.0 V
12. Answer (4)
16. Answer (2)
Here   7.5 × 10–12 m
h h h h
= 
mv 2mK =p 
2mqv
h2
 K=
2m 2
 h 
(6.6  10 34 )2 ev  2mq  50 
= A
2  9.1 1031  (7.5  1012 )2  1.6  10 19   200  14.41
B  h 
25 keV  
 2  4m  q  2500 
13. Answer (2)

 Nhc  1 17. Answer (1)

   t .A = I
  2h = 2 + eV0
N 16  10 3  1  10 4  
  t  = (per sec) h
  hc    eV0
2
hc
Given = 10 eV
 3h 

So total incident photons per second 2

N 16  107 3
 = = 9.98 × 10111 0 
t 10 eV 2
1 N
No. of emitted electrons per sec = 18. Answer (3)
10 t
= 9.98 × 1010 Energy lost by electron = 5.6 – 0.7 = 4.9 eV
 1011
hc
Maximum kinetic energy = 10 eV – 5 eV = 5 eV  4.9
 min
14. Answer (2)
10 3  3  108   min 
1240
 250 nm
1   0.5  10 9
6  1014 4.9

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19. Answer (4) h

 P

1
h  1 1 
 h  
  x y 
2

h 1 y  x
p1  
1  xy
 x  y
h 
p2   x  y
2
23. Answer (4)
 pf  p12  p22
Wavelength of incident wave () = 260 nm

h h2 h 2 Cut off (threshold) wavelength (0) = 380 nm

  
 12  22 hc hc
Then KEmax  
 0
1 1 1
  
2 12  22  1 1 
 1237  
 260 380 
20. Answer (1)
 = 5 × 10–7 m 1237  120
  1.5 eV
380  260
3  108
 7
 6  1014 Hz 24. Answer (4)
5  10
hc
12375 E
E  2.475 eV 
5000
Let no. of photons per sec. is N
Kmax = E –  = 0.48 eV
hc
21. Answer (1)  N  2 mW

W 2  5000  10 3
 P and pressure = I/c 2 
c  N 
hC 12420  1.6  10 19
h h 5h N = 5 × 1015
   P  for one photon
 4 4 25. Answer (3)
5 Nh E
   pressure
4 tA P =
C
 Nhc  2
(25  25)  40  60
But    50 W/m
   tA  = N-s
3  108
5 50 = 5 × 10–3 N-s
   pressure
4 c
26. Answer (4)
2
5  50  1m
 Fn =  20  10 8 N hc
4c   hv

22. Answer (1)
  = h × 4 × 1014 Hz = 1.654 eV
h h
P1  P2     1.66 eV
x y
27. Answer (4)
 1 1 
P  P1  P2  h    I  I0 cos2 
  x y 
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I0 and c = speed of light = [LT–1]

  I0 cos2 
10
 and V = potential = [ML2T–3A–1]
1
  cos2   [ML2T–3A–1] = [ML2T–1]x [A]y [M–1L3T–2]z [LT–1]r
10
1 Comparing dimension of M, L, T, A, we get
 cos    0.316
10 y = –1, x = 0, z = – 1, r = 5
   71.6
 v  h0I 1G 1c 5
   90    90  71.6  18.4 31. Answer (3)
28. Answer (1) eE0 ˆ
v  v 0 iˆ  v 0 jˆ  tk
h h m
e  
pe 2mE
  eE t 
2

hc hc  |v |  2v 02   0 
 E  p   m 
P E

e h
1 E E 1 Initialy,  0 
    mv 0 2
P 2mE c 2m c
29. Answer (2) h
Now,  
de-Broglie wavelength (), 2
 eE t 
m 2v 02   0 
h  m 
mv   p  2m (KE )

 1

h 0 2
   eE0 t 
2m KE 1  
 2mv
 0 

A KB TA  1.5
   (as given) 0
B KA TA =
e 2E02t 2
1
A 1 2m2v 02
Also,   2
B 32. Answer (4)
On solving TA = 2 eV h

 KB = TA – 1.5 = 0.5 eV 2 mk
 Work function of metal B is 
if    k   4k
B = EB – KB 2
= 4.5 – 0.5 = 4 eV  E  3E
For A, A = EA – TA = 2 eV 33. Answer (2)

30. Answer (3)   E ph – (KE )max

Stopping potential (V)  hxIyGzCr p  2mk

Here, h = plank’s constant = [ML2T–1] p2

 k
2m
I = current = [A]
p
r 
G = Gravitational constant = [M–1L3T–2] eB
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r 2e 2 B 2 N1
 k   500
2m N2
12420 r 2eB 2
 – (In eV) 38. Answer (2)
6561 2m
h
(10 –4 ) (1.6  10 –19 ) 9  105 0 
 1.89 (eV) – m
2  9.07  10 –31 v
2 0
= (1.89 – 0.79) eV = 1.1 eV
m m m
34. Answer (2) v 0  v1  v 2
2 2 3
eE v0 = v2 – v1
V  t
m
v0
v1 =
h 5

eEt
h
1 =  5 0
d h m v0

dt eEt 2 2 5

35. Answer (4)  = 4 0

39. Answer (2)
1 m2v 2

2 m1v1 h 
V  f–
e e
me
m1  Minimum energy for ejection = work function
5  1.878  10 –4
 = hf (for V = 0)
 9.7  10–28 kg
6.62  10 –34  5.5  1014
36. Answer (3) 
1.6  10 –19
hc = 2.27 eV
K1   0
1
40. Answer (2)
There will be no effect on graph.
hc
K2   0 41. Answer (3)
2
In photodiode, photocurrent increases with
 K2 = 3K1 increasing biasing voltage and then becomes
saturated.
 hc  hc
 3  0    0 I
 500  200
 0 = 0.61 eV V
37. Answer (2) IS

hc 42. Answer (3)

E

h

hc p
P  (N )

p  2mk
N1 N2
P1  P2   1
1  2 
m
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43. Answer (1) 47. Answer (3)

3KT h
Vrms  p 
m mp  v p

h h
  
3KTm m  v 

44. Answer (9)  p =   mpvp = mv

hc vp m 4
   eV ....(i)   
 v mp 1

48. Answer (2)

hc eV
  ....(ii)
3 4 h
P 
2mp   e  V 
hc hc 
From (i) and (ii)   
3 4 4
h
 
hc  1 1  3 2m   2e  V 
  
  3 4  4
P m
  2  42
hc 1 hc  mP
  Now if   
 9 0
 2 2 = 2.8
0 = 9So, n=9
49. Answer (4)
45. Answer (02.00)
h
e 
1 hc me  v
mv 2  
2 
h
p 
1 mp  v
mv12  4   ...(i)
2
e mp
1    1836
mv 22  2.5   ...(ii)  p me
2
50. Answer (3)
v1
Given 2 hc
v2    eV


4 hc hc
 4    2 eV  eV1   eV2
2.5   1 2

46. Answer (1) 1240 1240

 0.71   1.43
491 2
hc h
E ,P 
  1240 1240
  0.72
2 491
on decreasing wavelength of photon, energy will
decrease 2 = 382 nm

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51. Answer (01.00)

1
hf2    mv 22
1 2
mv 2  E – 
2
2h
v12  v 22  (f1  f2 )
2 m
 V2 = E – 
m 56. Answer (4)
vparticle = 4velectron
2
 V12    ...(1)
m 1
particle = 2 electron  pparticle = pelectron
2
2
V22   9  ...(2)
melectron v electron
m
 mparticle vparticle =
From (1) & (2), 2

melectron
V1 1  mparticle =
 8
V2 3
57. Answer (4)
x 1
  1 1
3 3 R. P  , 
 p
 (x = 01.00)
58. Answer (3)
52. Answer (3)
 1 1
 eV0  h –  Energy of photon = 13.6   
4 9
 Stopping potential is dependent on frequency..
= 1.89 eV
53. Answer (4)
mv
h r 
 qB
p
r 2q 2B 2 49  10 6  1.6  10 –19  25  10 8
p  2mk K.E   eV
2m 2  9.1  1031
Kinetic energy of both are same. K.E = 1.08 eV

mp  = 1.89 – 1.08 = 0.81 eV

1 1.00727
  59. Answer (4)
2 me 0.00055

54. Answer (3) hc hc

e 3V0   ...(i)
 0
h
1 
2mE hc hc
eV0   ...(ii)
2 0
hc
2   0 = 4
E
60. Answer (4)
1 1 E
 h h
2 c 2m  
p 2 km
55. Answer (4)

1 e k p mp mp
hf1    mv12  
2 p ke me me

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61. Answer (3) 65. Answer (125)

h
 2m KE  hc
p R where KE =  2  10 19
qB 
h

2mk
2  9 1031  2 1019
 R
1 1.6 1019  B

m
6  1025
 e   p   B  125  107 T
0.3  1.6  1019
62. Answer (3)
66. Answer (910)
P1 = P2

h h 1 p2
1  , 2  
P1 P2 2 p1

So 1 : 2 = 1 : 1
p 9.1 1031  106
63. Answer (2)  2  1 1  1
p2 1027
hc hc
  4.8e ... (i)
 0 = 9101
hc hc 67. Answer (3)
  1.6e ... (ii)
2 0
0  3.1 eV
Eq. (i) eq. (ii),
hc 13.6
 4.8e E1  eV
0 9
2
hc
 1.6e
0  13.6 
 Ephoton   3.0   eV = 4.511
hc  9 
  1.6e   0  4
0  KE of photoelectron = 4.511 – 3.1 = 1.41 eV
64. Answer (2)
68. Answer (4)
h
 hc
mv eV  

h2
 ke  1 1
2m  2  e(V1  V2 )  (hc )   

 1  2
hc
Also, k ph   e(V1 – V2) = 1.33 eV

69. Answer (354)
ke h2 
   E0 = 200
k ph 2m  2 hc
1
I 0E02C
h h 2
ratio  
2m c h 2I
2mc  P  0 E02  8.85  10 12  4  10 4
mv C
v 354
  35.4  10 8  N / m2
2c 109
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70. Answer (1) 74. Answer (2)

h h h
  
P 2 Em 2m K.E.

h h
Now,  2  
2 E2 m 3
2  m  kBT
2
3 h
 6.6  1034
4 2 E2 m 
9  1031  3  1.38  1023  300
3 h h = 0.624 × 10–8 = 6.24 nm
 
4 2 Em 2 E2 m 75. Answer (2)
Let us say the work function is 
9 1 1
 1
16 E E2 2
 2    mv1 … (1)
2
16
E2  E 1
9 and 5    mv 22 ... (2)
2
16 7 From (1) and (2)
So, E2 – E  E –E  E
9 9 v 22 v2
4
 or 2
71. Answer (4) v12 1 v1
Intensity change does not affect the maximum 76. Answer (1)
kinetic energy of emitted electron.
Davisson-Germer experiment is done and
72. Answer (2)
establishes the wave nature of electrons.
hc Interference and diffraction establishes wave
   eV1
1 nature.
77. Answer (2)
hc
   eV2 h
2
de Broglie wavelength  
p
hc hc
  e(V2  V1 ) h
2 1
 
2mK
hc  1 1 Where K: kinetic energy
V2    V1
e   2 1 
1
V2 = 1.25 V  For some K,  
m
73. Answer (3) Since m> mn > mp > me
h   < n < p < e
 78. Answer (2)
P
h hc
As P  e  PP  Pe e   ph  
pe E ph
But P  2mK
c
 E ph  pe  c  2Ee

P2 1
 K  K   for same P 
2M M Ee 
 
 KP < Ke E ph 2c

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79. Answer (2) Energy of one photon of these waves

K = KC
 6 
  4.14  1015   1015  eV
p2 pC2  2 

2m 2mC  9 
15
and  4.14  10   1015  eV
 2 
p m
 = 3.95 eV and 5.93 eV
pC mC
 Energy of maximum energetic electrons

  h / p mC = 5.93 – 2.50 = 3.43 eV

So   84. Answer (3)
 C h / pC m
hc
 Km  
 
So   3
C
1230
 K 
80. Answer (1) 800

h hc 1230
p   …(i) and, 2K  
p E 500

1230 1230
e 
h  2  2  
…(ii) 800 500
2mE
  = 0.615 eV
From (i) and (ii) 85. Answer (4)
 p   e2 h h
 
mv 2m eV
 Option 1 is correct
81. Answer (2) p mdVd 1
so   
hc hc d mpVp 2
K1     …(i)
1 3 2
2Vd 1

hc Vp 2
and K 2     …(ii)
2 Vp 4

from (i) and (ii) we can say Vd 1
3K1 = K2 – 2 86. Answer (2)
 = 900 nm
K2
K1  I = 100 W/m2
3
A = 10–4
82. Answer (2)
 P = 10–2 W
When energy of incident radiation is equal to the
work function of the metal, then the KE of  Number of photons incident per second
photoelectrons would be zero. But this statement 102 
does not comment on the situation when energy 
hc
is less than the work function.
83. Answer (4) 9  1011  102
  4.5  1016
Frequency of EM waves 6.63  1034  3  108
87. Answer (4)
6 9
=  1015 and  1015
2 2

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PHYSICS ARCHIVE - JEE (Main)

eE0 ˆ hc
 ax  i and, 2k      2E
m 2

eE0
 v  t   V0  t hc
E 
hc
 2E
m   2
0 mv  eE0 t 
  1   hc hc
  2 mV0  mV0    E
2 

0 hc 
 2   2 
 eE0 t  hc  E
1  
 mV0  92. Answer (3)
88. Answer (2) Linear momentum is conserved
1 so pM '/3  p2M '/3
 2
mv m  h  
2
M '/3 1
2 so 
 vm varies linearly with frequency..  2M '/3 1
And, threshold wavelength can be explained by 93. Answer (1)
particle nature of light.
hc
89. Answer (4)    KE …(i)

I
Pressure  mv 2m  KE 
c R  …(ii)
Bq Bq
F I
  Putting the values,
A c
  1.36 eV
7.2  109  3  108 2
 I W/m 94. Answer (2)
36  10 4
1
= 600 W/m2 3.8  0.6  mv12
2
 I  0.06 W/cm2
1
1.4  0.6  mv 22
90. Answer (3) 2
1 v12 3.2 4
mv12  5    
2 
v 22 0.8 1
1
And, mv 22  10   v 2
 v 1
1
2
2
2
 v1  4 95. Answer (35)
   
v
 2 9 hc
  = KE = eV
 0
v1 2
 v 3 6.63  10 34  3  108
2   6.63  10 34 fth
91. Answer (2) 6630  1010

hc  1.6  1019  0.4

k  E
  fth  35.11 × 1013 H



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