Stockholm Conference 1972

United Nations Conference on the Human Environment

Name : Navghare Vinayak Tukaram

Class : LL.B III yr Roll.No.: G213093
Subject : Environmental Law
Introduction

● Title: The United Nations Conference on the Human

Environment
● Date: June 5-16, 1972
● Location: Stockholm, Sweden
● Motto : “Only One Earth”
● Participate:114 countries
Background

● Environmental Concerns in the 1960s:

• Rising pollution levels
•Accelerating resource depletion
•Escalating environmental degradation
● Growing awareness of the global impact of these
issues
● Necessity for international collaboration to address
them
Objectives
● Raising Global Environmental Awareness
● The urgency of taking action
● Promoting Sustainable Development
● Balancing economic growth and environmental
protection
● Establishing Principles for Environmental
Governance
● Developing a framework for international
cooperation.
● It was the UN’S first major conference on
international environmental issues, and marked a
turning point in the development of international
environmental politics.

● The meeting agreed upon a declaration, called

Stockholm Declaration. Containing 26 principles
concerning environment and development.
● The Stockholm Conference also led to the creation of the
United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) in December
1972 to coordinate global efforts to promote sustainability and
safeguard the natural environment.

● The conference also produced the Framework for

Environmental Action,an action plan containing 109 specific
recommendations releted to human settlements, natural
resources management, pollution, educational and social
aspects of the environment, development and international
organisation.
 Principles of Stockholm Declaration
● Human rights must be asserted, apartheid and colonialism
condemned.
● Natural resources must be safeguard.
● The Earth's capacity to produce renewable resources must be
maintained.
● Wildlife must be safeguarded.
● Non renewable resources must be shared and not exhausted.
● Pollution must not exceed the environment’s capacity to clean itself.
● Damaging oceanic pollution must be prevented.
● Development is needed to improve the environment.
● Developing countries therefore need assistance.
● Developing countries need reasonable prices for exports to carry
out environmental management.
Continued…
● Environment policy must not hamper development.
● Developing countries need money to develop environmental
safeguards.
● Integrated development planning is needed.
● Rational planning should resolve conflicts between environment and
development.
● Human settlements must be planned to eliminate environmental
problems.
● Governments should plan their own appropriate population policies.
● National institutions must plan development of state's natural
resources.
● Science and technology must be used to improve the environment.
● Environmental education is essential.
Continued…
● Environmental research must be promoted, particularly in
developing countries.
● States may exploit their resources as they wish but must not
endanger others.
● Compensation is due to state's thus endangered.
● Each nation must establish its own standards.
● There must be cooperation on international issues.
● International organisations should help to improve the
environment.
● Weapons of mass destruction must be eliminated.
Thank you !