* Principle 11: Design for commercial afterife * Designing products, processes and systems such reused or reconfigured to ‘maintain their value (Sometimes referred to as ‘hat their components can be ‘and useability for new products ‘design for modularity) Examples + Conversion of old factories to housing + Disassembly of equipment for reuse of components a ing material noleculer Creation of “plastic lumber" from used polymeric packaging mé + Creat c reuse)replenishment is ne, environmental ef fe for reuse, OUTCE in which its Sligible with respect to 18 depletion - has sig tS due to their Inability 1 be ‘cycled back to the “|Moterial and energy input S should be renew * Don't want to deplete our natural resources: able rather than depleting? * Need resources to be there for future generations + Exapmples rmal, biomass, hydrogen (fuel cells) * Energy: solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, biomass, hy© inspired a. gro mally petroleum-based chemicals from ing umber of veys matter or waste 10° synthesize Piclogica! materials instead, often plant e, and the produto for storing energy * Another important develop ment in green ch Products to reduce their hazard istry is the trend toward redesigning cheniaThe amount of © good quality paper. d to get por the removal of lignin various re Sulphide and chlorine gas, But on th agents used lke, sodium hydroxide, sodium 'e other hand itis also causing environmental Pollution and various other problems,* For the decomposition of lignin the reaction with Products. Dioxins ond. fu 2.3,4-tetrach Many other hazardous Chlorine also resut in chlorinated furans and ONS are produced like loropdioxin. They are by prods of chemical "reaction of Chlorine and Gromatic rings of the lic ignin,7 hese Products Cause different health Problems and cancer, “Latter on, chlorine gas was replace d agents like 03, H,0, or 0, by chlorine dioxide, There ore other did not give this the desired products Iso * Terrence Collins of Camegie Mellon University has developed a versatile agent. Tn this, use of hydrogen Peroxide as bleaching agent takes place in the Presence of different activators known as TAMLs [Tetra Aamido Macroo Ligands] activators, The catalytic action of TAMLs activators grants break down more lignin at low temperature in less tineTh present era the use of alum s alt to treat muricipal and industrial waste n clear 1S in practice. Tt has been raised th because it increasing the hazardous io Alzheimer's ailments ater at lum isnot perfect for this purpose ms in discharged water ond may cause. Therefore, Agriculture waste ‘that Aischarged such as kere) 3ed Such as Kernel powder ang Tamarind seeds, acts SS an efficient agent to ¢ industrial waste water Clears. Pow ecofriendly and cheaper than elum * Four different flocculants taken for the testing, that is kernel pow Seeds of tamarinds, mixture of the Starch and alum, and ponder and st arch ‘mixture. Slurries prepared by the addition of weighed enount of coy, sond and water to the given flocculantsTe Varously caled gy id electrolyy S. Tor ents and electrically (electrolytes) es, otic 4 Salts, or ionic glasses ic liquids have ducting fluidsTonic liquids© at a temperature and id and Gh Solids tke a gas, and dissa Point, where distint iu 905 phases do not ve materials like g* Supercritical fluids ane Suitable as g ib« * Carbon dioxide ‘and wate; Substitute for ange of industrial and la oratory processes organic solvents in g T are the most commonly used sy They are use for supercritical fluid ext percritical fis ction (SFE) * These supercritical properties can be appli Ss “green chemistry’ Credentials in chemistry with high yield and minimu m waste,ooking, Their Success in organic established. Already, the re ore microwave organic synthesis wth tryfor synthesis Chemical reactions eS. Sonochemical re iques classes of Sonochemical rea Can star and advanced “green” techn ctions: homogeneous heterogeneous sonechenistry of fi Sonochemistry of igi iquid-liquid or solid-liquid sy Overlapping with the previous technig ids, stems, and ues, sonocatalyssGreen Engineering Examples naturally break down These products may also use renewable resources, rather than the fossil fuels used to create plastic, to improve their Sustainability and green focus ef further,Processing later Other green engineering methods May create cleaning methods that remove Pharmaceutical or human waste from water or sewage rd ininize Contamination in drinking water supplies* Wastewater treatment ‘Treating wastewater helps Water in a community on nanotechnology hods improve this process Green engineers May work on projects that already focus on environmental improvement and enhance their operation further, such 4s identifying waste- destroying bacteria they may use for water treatmentbes under 'y from the floor to its celling 10 alternative energy sources* Radiant heating systems deliver he at through the floor, walls o er & floor, walls or ceiling of AS implied by their name, these systems rely mostly on radiant heat tra delivery of heat from a warm surfa e to occupants and obj building 'S va radiation * Radiant floor heating systems are charac ized by ther silent operation and efficiency. Since the heat source is located below, temperature rise is uniform os warm air rises and displaces cooler air. This also allows heating to occur without a forced air system: the installation 4 snot disturb dust ond alergens, while 5. Redant floor heating oso improving occupant comfort by eliminating air drafts. Radiant fo g 0 offers a lower running cost than furnace-based heating savings from 25% to 50% according to the US Department Energyeling Solution © bui east and west sides Seasons and from heay ding. They carefully shade them n excessive heat during the hot ids during cold Is provide an added insulation ray eff StaSons. Plants. grown on buildings may ol effect that could improve a building's ene