Module 1 Lesson 1

Activity (Let’s Get Started!)

Recall five (5) rules that you have to follow at home. These rules should be the most strictly enforced by
your parents.

1. Respect my parents and people that is older than me

2. Must return home at the specified time.
3. Before you leave, you must say your goodbyes.
4. At night, avoid leaving the house.
5. Dress appropriately.

⮚ Why do you need to follow them in spite of the fact that they limit you on things you want to do?

- I have to obey them since it is one of the ways I show them respect and it is also beneficial to my
life.
 Review philosophy as a field of study and as a science.
 What is philosophy as a field of study? Why is Ethics related and connected with philosophy?
- Philosophy is a branch of science that studies general and fundamental issues such as existence,
thinking, reasoning, knowledge, and values. Ethics and philosophy are linked because ethics is
the branch of philosophy concerned with discovering, understanding, demonstrating, and
proving a code of values.

Analysis (Let’s Think About it!)

Now think about the questions below:

⮚ What do you think would happen if all these rules we follow not followed?

- If we do not follow the rules, our lives can become fragmented and do significant harm, as the
rules help to keep our lives tranquil.

⮚ How do you imagine a world without rules would be?

- Our world would be disorganized and effed up without rules.

⮚ Why must we follow rules even if they are constricting or prohibitive?

- We must adhere to it because it is also for our benefit and serves a positive function.

⮚ Why are rules important in a functioning society?

- Rules are necessary to keep society structured and avoid chaos. To keep us together and, above
all, to sustain peace.

⮚ Why is Ethics related and connected with philosophy? What is its importance as a philosophical
field?

- Ethics is significant because it serves as a guide for humanity in living a moral and value-based
existence.
Application (Let’s Do It!) Learner Worksheet 1

Student Name: Score:

Course/ Year/ Section:

In the matrix below are some rules from institutions.

Briefly describe these rules and their importance by filling out the matrix below.

Rule Description of Specified Importance

“No ID, No Entry’ Policy of the
University
Anti- Jaywalking Ordinance of
the City of Davao
Enhance Community
Quarantine during the Covid
Pandemic
Anti- Bomb Joke Policy in Public
Places such as Airports, bus
terminals, ports, malls,
concerts, and movie houses.
Behavior
Without identification, students
and employees are not
permitted to enter the school.
Pedestrians should cross the
road only when it is safe to do
so.
People should remain at home
for their own safety.
Avoid making bomb threat
pranks or jokes in public
locations.
In order to avoid strangers from
entering the school.
Individuals' safety and the
prevention of traffic accidents.
To prevent the virus from
spreading and to guarantee
everyone's safety.
To prevent the dissemination of
fake news or incorrect
information, as well as to avoid
causing concern among the
authorities.

Lesson 2: Moral &Non-Moral Standards

Activity

In one social experiment, researchers had an old man walk slowly on a very busy city street to see how
people would behave around him. The researchers observed some people would walk around him in
their hurry to get to where they needed to go. Several individuals on the other hand slowed their pace
to walk with him and ask him if he required assistance, which he politely declined. After walking a few
more feet, the old man started to buckle and fall on the street looking pale and dazed from exertion.
People immediately rushed to his aid to help him and to call paramedics. When asked why they did it,
people had different responses from “because he was a weak old guy” to “I just had to help him, he
needed my help.” What would you do if you were in this situation and why?

- I would assist him because it has been ingrained in our minds or our parents have taught us that
when others are in danger, we should assist them.

Analysis

• People in the social experiment acted automatically, without being told what to do. Why do you think
they acted this way?

- They acted in this manner because they recognize that the man requires assistance, and it is human
nature to assist someone in distress.
• What are your motivations for your actions? Discuss.

- It's possible that my behaviors are subconscious because I occasionally act automatically when I
see someone in danger. Perhaps it has anything to do with my moral values.

Application (Let’s Do It!)

Learner Worksheet 2

Student Name: Score:

Course/ Year/ Section:

Using the characteristics of moral standards, look for an article or news that deals with a particular
contemporary ethical issue. Attach/ paste your chosen article or news at the back of this paper. Discuss
why the issue is an ethical one. What moral standards and non-moral standards does it call upon or
challenge? Write your discussion in the space below.

Lesson 3

Activity

Read the given scenario below and reflect on the guide question that follows.

Santino and Iñigo are brothers. One night they are walking home. Iñigo tells him that he will pull a prank.
He then picks up a rock and throws it into the glass window of a convenience store, shattering the glass.
The owner of the store corners the brothers and interrogates them on who threw the rock at his store
window. Iñigo denies having done anything and tells the storeowner that he saw a man running away
from the store. The police arrive to investigate the act of vandalism and survey the property damage
telling the brothers that they are likely suspects and can be taken to the station for further questioning.
Santino finds himself torn between his loyalty to his brother and telling the storeowner and the police
the truth of what really happened. If he tells the truth only his brother will be liable for the damage but
if he keeps quiet to protect his brother they are both likely to be held accountable.

If you were in Santino’s situation what would you do? Discuss how you will go about this situation if you
find yourself in it as well as your motivations in discussing your course of action.

- If I were in Santino’s situation, I would say the authorities the truth. I know it sounds selfish but
it is better to be selfish sometimes because I believe that being selfish once in a while is a way of
giving respect to ourselves. It is better to tell the truth than to lie about things you did not do.

Analysis

 How do you deal with experiences wherein your moral values are challenged? What do you
usually do when deciding what to do in these situations?
- I deal it by think about the possibilities before I decide in a certain situation. Before I make a
decision, I consider the harm it will cause me as well as the possible outcomes.
  How do you decide on your course of action when all the options for your course of action
all have negative results or force you to violate your own moral values?
- - If my selections have a negative outcome, I should be more conscious of the risks I'll face and
choose the option that causes me the least harm.

Application

Learner Worksheet 3

Student Name: Score:

Course/ Year/ Section:

Relate one specific moral experience/ moral dilemma that happened to you recently. Narrate the
events and what moral conflict you went through. Evaluate the experience based on your learning in
this module. Discuss how you dealt with the experience and your resulting actions. How do you feel
about the experience now? Would you do it differently or would you still choose to act in the same
way? Why or why not? Write your discussion below. You may also use the back of this paper if the
space is not enough.

- Way back in high school, I am very active and a cheerful one. I used to join in to draw attention
to myself. I've been referred to as "pabida" on occasion, but I don't care. I became addicted to
drinking alcohol and had several different boyfriends, which caused a major problem in my life. I
got banned from my school because we were caught drinking at school by a teacher. My parents
really disappointed at me. And by that, I got to stay at home to stop the issues on my life.
However, the problems persist because someone has informed me that I am pregnant because I
am not going out as much as I used to. As a result, I consider suicide as a means of resolving the
problems in my life. It was difficult because no one ever spoke to me and I was always alone in
our home since I am an only child. I even asked God on why he gave me these issues in my life
when I was just trying to enjoy myself and just to live a normal life. I was devastated at that time
and my parents was also affected because of me. I used to have a cutter for my safety and that
cutter was the one I was trying to cut myself. However, the Lord did not abandon me. I saw my
rosary hanging in my wall. I know it was the sign. He made me realize that I was not alone. I
throw out the cutter that I have used and I apologize for him and for myself. As a result, I will no
longer wield the cutter because it will remind me of my traumatic childhood. That event was
traumatic for me, but I am grateful that I came to my senses and recognized that suicide is not a
solution to all of life's issues. If I could go back in time, I would be proud of myself for getting
through that predicament, and I would do the same thing again. If I continue to commit suicide,
it will be extremely painful for my parents and loved ones. I am glad that my emotions did not
override.