KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA AFS, OJHAR

HOLIDAYS HOMEWORK
CLASS X (MATHS)
Q.1: Express each number as a product of its prime factors:
(i) 140
(ii) 156
(iii) 3825
(iv) 5005
(v) 7429
Solution:
(i) 140
Using the division of a number by prime numbers method, we can get the product of prime factors of 140.
Therefore, 140 = 2 × 2 × 5 × 7 × 1 = 22 × 5 × 7
(ii) 156
Using the division of a number by prime numbers method, we can get the product of prime factors of 156.
Hence, 156 = 2 × 2 × 13 × 3 = 22 × 13 × 3
(iii) 3825
Using the division of a number by prime numbers method, we can get the product of prime factors of 3825.
Hence, 3825 = 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 × 17 = 32 × 52 × 17
(iv) 5005
Using the division of a number by prime numbers method, we can get the product of prime factors of 5005.
Hence, 5005 = 5 × 7 × 11 × 13 = 5 × 7 × 11 × 13
(v) 7429
Using the division of a number by prime numbers method, we can get the product of prime factors of 7429.
Hence, 7429 = 17 × 19 × 23 = 17 × 19 × 23
Q.2: Given that HCF (306, 657) = 9, find LCM (306, 657).
Solution:
As we know that,
HCF × LCM = Product of the two given numbers
So,
9 × LCM = 306 × 657
LCM = (306 × 657)/9 = 22338
Therefore, LCM(306,657) = 22338
Q.3: Prove that 3 + 2√5 is irrational.
Solution:
Let 3 + 2√5 be a rational number.
Then the co-primes x and y of the given rational number where (y ≠ 0) is such that:
3 + 2√5 = x/y
Rearranging, we get,
2√5 = (x/y) – 3
√5 = 1/2[(x/y) – 3]
Since x and y are integers, thus, 1/2[(x/y) – 3] is a rational number.
Therefore, √5 is also a rational number. But this confronts the fact that √5 is irrational.
Thus, our assumption that 3 + 2√5 is a rational number is wrong.
Hence, 3 + 2√5 is irrational.
Q.4: Without actually performing the long division, state whether the following rational numbers will have a
terminating decimal expansion or a non-terminating repeating decimal expansion:
(i) 13/3125 (ii) 17/8 (iii) 64/455 (iv) 15/1600
Solution:
Note: If the denominator has only factors of 2 and 5 or in the form of 2 m × 5n then it has a terminating decimal
expansion.
If the denominator has factors other than 2 and 5 then it has a non-terminating repeating decimal expansion.
(i) 13/3125
Factoring the denominator, we get,
3125 = 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 = 55
Or
= 20 × 55
Since the denominator is of the form 2m × 5n then, 13/3125 has a terminating decimal expansion.
(ii) 17/8
Factoring the denominator, we get,
8 = 2× 2 × 2 = 23
Or
= = 2 3 × 50
Since the denominator is of the form 2m × 5n then, 17/8 has a terminating decimal expansion.
(iii) 64/455
Factoring the denominator, we get,
455 = 5 × 7 × 13
Since the denominator is not in the form of 2m × 5n, therefore 64/455 has a non-terminating repeating decimal
expansion.
(iv) 15/1600
Factoring the denominator, we get,
1600 = 26 × 52
Since the denominator is in the form of 2m × 5n, 15/1600 has a terminating decimal expansion.
Q.5: The following real numbers have decimal expansions as given below. In each case, decide whether they
are rational or not. If they are rational, and of the form, p/q what can you say about the prime factors of q?
(i) 43.123456789
(ii) 0.120120012000120000. . .
Solution:
(i) 43.123456789
Since it has a terminating decimal expansion, it is a rational number in the form of p/q and q has factors of 2 and 5
only.
(ii) 0.120120012000120000. . .
Since it has a non-terminating and non-repeating decimal expansion, it is an irrational number.
Q.6: Check whether 6n can end with the digit 0 for any natural number n.
Solution:
If the number 6n ends with the digit zero (0), then it should be divisible by 5, as we know any number with a unit place
as 0 or 5 is divisible by 5.
Prime factorization of 6n = (2 × 3)n
Therefore, the prime factorization of 6n doesn’t contain the prime number 5.
Hence, it is clear that for any natural number n, 6n is not divisible by 5 and thus it proves that 6n cannot end with the
digit 0 for any natural number n.
Q.7: What is the HCF of the smallest prime number and the smallest composite number?
Solution:
The smallest prime number = 2
The smallest composite number = 4
Prime factorisation of 2 = 2
Prime factorisation of 4 = 2 × 2
HCF(2, 4) = 2
Therefore, the HCF of the smallest prime number and the smallest composite number is 2.
Q.8: Using Euclid’s Algorithm, find the HCF of 2048 and 960.
Solution:
2048 > 960
Using Euclid’s division algorithm,
2048 = 960 × 2 + 128
960 = 128 × 7 + 64
128 = 64 × 2 + 0
Therefore, the HCF of 2048 and 960 is 64.
Q.9: Find HCF and LCM of 404 and 96 and verify that HCF × LCM = Product of the two given numbers.
Solution:
Prime factorisation of 404 = 2 × 2 × 101
Prime factorisation of 96 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 = 2 5 × 3
HCF = 2 × 2 = 4
LCM = 25 × 3 × 101 = 9696
HCF × LCM = 4 × 9696 = 38784
Product of the given two numbers = 404 × 96 = 38784
Hence, verified that LCM × HCF = Product of the given two numbers.

MCQ

Q1.Three farmers have 490 kg, 588 kg and 882 kg of wheat respectively. Find the
maximum capacity of a bag so that the wheat can be packed in exact number of bags.
(a) 98 kg (b) 290 kg (c) 200 kg (d) 350 kg
Q.2. Express 98 as a product of its primes
(a) 2² × 7 (b) 2² × 7² (c) 2 × 7² (d) 23 × 7
Q.3. There are 312, 260 and 156 students in class X, XI and XII respectively. Buses are to
be hired to take these students to a picnic. Find the maximum number of students who
can sit in a bus if each bus takes equal number of students
(a) 52 (b) 56 (c) 48 (d) 63
Q.4. The product of three consecutive positive integers is divisible by
(a) 4 (b) 6 (c) no common factor (d) only 1
Q.5. which of the following is not irrational?
(a) (2 – √3)2 (b) (√2 + √3)2 (c) (√2 -√3)(√2 + √3) (d)2√7/7
6.The product of a rational and irrational number is
(a) rational (b) irrational (c) both of above (d) none of above
Q.8. HCF of 8, 9, 25 is
(a) 8 (b) 9 (c) 25 (d) 1

Q.9. The largest number that will divide 398, 436 and 542 leaving remainders 7,11 and
15 respectively is
(a) 17 (b) 11 (c) 34 (d) 45

Q.10. There is a circular path around a sports field. Priya takes 18 minutes to drive one
round of the field. Harish takes 12 minutes. Suppose they both start at the same point
and at the same time and go in the same direction. After how many minutes will they
meet ?
(a) 36 minutes (b) 18 minutes (c) 6 minutes (d) They will not meet

Case Study Questions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1 - Real Numbers

To enhance the reading skills of grade X students, the school nominates you and two of your friends to
set up a class library. There are two sections- section A and section B of grade X. There are 32 students in
section A and 36 students in section B.
1. What is the minimum number of books you will acquire for the class library, so that they can be
distributed equally among students of Section A or Section B?
a) 144 b) 128 c) 288 d) 272

Answer: c) 288
2. If the product of two positive integers is equal to the product of their HCF and LCM is true then,
the HCF (32 , 36) is
a) 2 b) 4 c) 6 d) 8

Answer: b) 4

3. 36 can be expressed as a product of its primes as

a) 22 × 32 b) 21 × 33 c) 23 × 31 d) 20 × 30
Answer: a) 22 × 32
4. 7 × 11 × 13 × 15 + 15 is a
a) Prime number b) Composite number c) Neither prime nor composite d) None of the above

Answer: b) Composite number

5. If p and q are positive integers such that p = ab2 and q= a2b, where a , b are prime numbers, then
the LCM (p, q) is
a) ab b) a2b2 c) a3b2 d) a3b3

CASE STUDY 2:
A seminar is being conducted by an Educational Organisation, where the participants will be educators of
different subjects. The number of participants in Hindi, English and Mathematics are 60, 84 and 108
respectively.
1. In each room the same number of participants are to be seated and all of them being in the same
subject, hence maximum number participants that can accommodated in each room are
a) 14 b) 12 c) 16 d) 18

Answer: b) 12
2. What is the minimum number of rooms required during the event?
a) 11 b) 31 c) 41 d) 21

Answer: d) 21
3. The LCM of 60, 84 and 108 is
a) 3780 b) 3680 c) 4780 d) 4680

Answer: a) 3780
4. The product of HCF and LCM of 60,84 and 108 is
a) 55360

b) 35360

c) 45500

d) 45360

Answer: d) 45360
5. 108 can be expressed as a product of its primes as
a) 23 × 32
b) 23 × 33
c) 22 × 32
d) 22 × 33
Answer: d) 22 × 33