AKSHI

20221605
AIM: To study the relationship between sucidal rate and martial status.
INTRODUCTION
A person purposefully ending their own life is considered a complex and very
worrying phenomenon. It is a significant social, emotional, and psychological
issue with a global public health impact.
In recent years, India has seen severe difficulties relating to the suicide rate.
The rising suicide rate in the nation has caused significant alarm, with social,
economic, and psychological stressors among the contributing factors.
Relationship problems, financial hardships, and high levels of stress are
frequently mentioned as contributory reasons. The rate of suicide varies across
states and demographic groupings, with higher rates in particular geographic
areas and among particular age groups. The Indian government and numerous
groups have been attempting to increase public awareness of mental health
concerns and offer assistance to those who require it, but there is still a
tremendous social challenge in addressing the complex elements that underlie
the suicide problem.
Suicide is a complex problem with many underlying causes and contributing
aspects. Some are:
 Psychosocial pressures: Life pressures such as monetary challenges,
marital issues, employment loss, and academic pressure can exacerbate
suicide thoughts and actions. Economic recessions and an increase in
suicide rates have been linked by research.
 Trauma and Childhood Adversity: Childhood adversity, such as abuse or
neglect, can have a lifelong impact on mental health and raise the risk of
suicide in adults.
 Mental Health Disorders: Numerous people who commit suicide suffer
from diagnosable mental health disorders. Among the most often related
disorders include substance use disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar
disorder, and depression. 90% of people who died by suicide had a
mental health disorder that could be diagnosed, according to a 2019
study published in the journal Psychiatry.
  Agricultural distress: In rural parts of India, agriculture has been
connected to a greater rate of farmer suicides, including crop failure,
debt, and the inability to repay debts. Studies have looked at the
connection between India's suicide rates and agrarian crises, such as the
one that was published in the journal Social Science & Medicine in 2016.
 Marital and Relationship Issue: Relationship issues, particularly in
arranged marriages, can be a substantial source of stress in a marriage.
Domestic violence, marital conflict, and dowry-related problems have all
been identified as risk factors for suicide in women.
 Economic Factors: Suicide rates may be impacted by economic hardships,
unemployment, and underemployment. Concern has been raised about
the high rates of unemployment among educated youth.
 Lack of Mental Health Services: It is difficult to find mental health
specialists and services, especially in remote locations. People may not
receive timely treatment as a result of this lack of access to mental
healthcare. Expanding mental health services is a priority.
 Media influence: The "Werther Effect" refers to how the media portrays
suicide and its ability to affect imitative conduct. To reduce the risk of
spreading, responsible reporting standards have been devised.

Early intervention and support depend on the ability to spot signs of suicidal
thoughts or actions in people. If you have any reason to believe that someone
may be having difficulties, it's critical to approach the situation sensitively and
with empathy. Some signs that someone may be suicidal risk:
 Cultural and Family Dynamic: Understanding the dynamics of culture and
the family in relation to society's expectations. Be on the lookout for
distress signals brought on by marital issues, dowry disagreements, and
family issues. In 2018, a study that appeared in the Indian Journal of
Psychiatry highlighted the impact that family dynamics have on suicide
risk in India.
 Academic Pressure: Recognize the considerable pressure that the
competitive educational system places on pupils. Keep an eye out for
indications of academic discomfort, such as exam anxiety or a severe
dread of failing. Academic stress was identified as a contributing factor
by research published in the Journal of Clinical Medicine (2020).
  Verbal Cues: Pay close attention to what is being said verbally. People
who talk about wanting to die, feeling hopeless, or feeling like they don't
want to live should be regarded seriously. The importance of vocal
expressions in predicting suicide risk was highlighted in a study that was
published in the year 2020 issue of the journal JAMA Psychiatry.
 Behavior Changes: Pay attention to sudden behavioral shifts including
withdrawing from social activities, giving away possessions, or acting
recklessly. These behavioral signs are used in the assessment of suicide
risk, according to a 2017 study published in the Journal of Clinical
Psychiatry.
 Sleep and Appetite Changes: Keep a look out for major changes in
appetite that result in weight gain or loss, as well as sleep abnormalities
(such as insomnia or oversleeping). A 2019 study published in the
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
highlighted eating and sleeping irregularities as possible suicide risk
indicators.

Depending on cultural, social, and personal factors, the correlation between

suicide rates and marital status may differ. One of the demographic variables
that researchers look at while analyzing suicide rates is marital status.
Marital Status as a Risk Factor: According to studies, different suicide rates can
be attributed to different marital situations. The presence of a supporting
partner can provide emotional and social stability, which is why being married
is frequently viewed as a protective factor against suicide in many civilizations,
including India. The potential social isolation and mental suffering linked to
these statuses, on the other hand, may put those who are divorced, separated
from their partner, or bereaved at a slightly higher risk of suicide.
Differences between both genders exist in the link between marital status and
suicide. The relationship between marital status and suicide among women
may be more complex and influenced by factors like economic independence,
social support, and access to mental healthcare. Research frequently suggests
that divorced or separated men may be at a higher risk of suicide compared to
their married counterparts.
Cultural and Social Context: Cultural and social norms can have a big impact on
how married status affects suicide risk. In some cultures, social pressures and
stigma associated with divorce or singledom may raise depression and the
likelihood of suicide. On the other hand, living alone may be a choice that is
more socially acceptable and accepted in other civilizations.
The relationship between marital status and suicide rates in India is influenced
by cultural, social, and economic factors. Married individuals have lower
suicide rates, while divorced or separated individuals may experience higher
rates due to emotional distress, social stigma, and changes in social support
systems. Never-married individuals face varying risks, with younger individuals
having lower rates due to social pressures and family expectations. Widowed
individuals may experience increased risk due to grief, loneliness, and lack of
support. Cultural and social factors, as well as economic challenges,
educational pressures, mental health stigma, and access to lethal means, also
play a role in shaping these relationships.