ALFRED W.

MCCOY

* DR. ALFRED W. McCOY IS A PROFESSOR OF HISTORY AT THE UNIVERSITY

OF WISCONSIN MADISON, WHERE HE ALSO SERVES AS A DIRECTOR OF THE CENTER

FOR SE ASIAN STUDIES. HE SPENT THE PAST QUARTER CENTURY WRITING ABOUT THE

POLITICS AND THE HISTORY OF THE OPIUM TRADE.

* BIRTH: 1945

* CITIZENSHIP: MASSACHUSETTS, U, S, A,

SOURCES

*PRIMARY SOURCE

Alfred McCY, political caricatures of the American Era (Editorial cartoons)

*SECONDARY SOURCE

Philippine from 1900-1915-------political cartoons

Political cartoons |Britannica. com

PHILIPPINE CARTOONS: POLITICAL CARICATURES OF THE AMERICAN ERA, 1900-1941

* A political cartoon, a type of editorial cartoon, it

Is a graphic with caricatures of public figure,

Expressing the Artest opinion.

* Gained full expression during the American era.

* Filipino artist recorded national attitude towards

The coming of the American.

* like the nationalist the Philippine press

Established itself during the decade following the

American invasion of 1898. It was the time of remarkable fermente and cultural creativity
* Censorship laws after the end of military rule

1901 provided and outlet for their protest.

* The Spanish commission permanent de censura

Simply banned all Filipino creativity, American

Press control were much more flexibility.

* Spanish censorship simply banned any non-religious

Filipino publication and made it impossible to even

Consider opening a newspaper in late 19th century manila

* Manilas first Spanish dally newspaper began publishing in 1846

* The Filipino gained their earliest editorial experience

As propagandist in Madrid or a newspaper publisher for the revolution in 1898-99

* The first Filipino daily newspaper. La independencia, appeared. Published clandestinely in Manila, the
paper was directed by Antonio Luna.

* The four decades of American colonial role for a formative period in the Philippine history.

* The Philippine move forward from an authoritarian Spanish regime to autonomy and freedom .

* Under U. S. Colonial tutelage, the Philippine experienced a process of Americanization and

modernization that has left a lasting legacy.

* Even at first contact in the 16th century, the Spanish conquistador found that Filipino possessed a
sophisticated material, culture and a complex society.

* At the close to Spanish Era in 1898, the Philippine already have substantial cities, a thriving export
agriculture, and strong church and state structures. The revolution defeat of the Spanish empire in 1898
is an simple testimony to the sophisticated of Filipino society.

* Viewed from the vintage point of half century and more this political cartoon are evocative record of
half-assed forgotten history.

* For those who drew and published them. This cartoons where simultaneous a mirror of there society's
colonial condition' and act protest a weapon in the struggle of social reform.

* Cartoons play a role in the political discourse of society that provides for freedom of speech and of the
press.