PARENTAL SEPARATION AND THE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT

OF THE SELECTED GRADE 11 STUDENTS

______________________________
A Research Proposal
Presented to the
Senior High School Department
Midsalip National High School
_____________________________
In Partial Fulfilment
Of the Requirement in
Inquiry Investigation and Immersion
______________________________
By
BUTANAS JAIME A.
CASERES JUNEPHER C.
CATANES HONEY ROSE M.
ENOC RIZALYN C.
LUMINGKIT REGINE C.
LACSI JONNA
PLACIDO JOCELYN L.
SAYANG RE AN S.

June, 2023
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Children experiences many challenges throughout their educational career, parent, teacher,

principals, and family professionals recognize that a child’s home environment and family

structure have an impact on his or her school performance and success.

Over the past twenty-five years, the diversity of family structures has become more evident,

most notably the increase of divorce within family dynamics. A substantial number of divorced

involves couple with children. Sixty-one percent of families in which both the husband and wife

are divorcing from the first marriage have children less than 18 years age, (Rodriguez and Arnold

,2013).

Teachers in contemporary classrooms will encounter many children of divorce and must be

aware of the student’s needs relating to their family situation, as well as the difficulties associated

with divorce that many experiences, statistics show that almost 50% of marriage end in divorce,

and by the time today’s children reach age 18%, 45% will live in divorced family in Canada and

the United States. (Mulhuland, 2012)

Given these outstanding statistics, researchers have devoted considerable attention to

investigating the effect of parental separation and divorce on children’s academic success. Due to

the increase of divorce in society, many studies have reported that children exbibit deterioration in

academic performance and behavior in and out of the emotional challenges they experience from
the divorce or separation. It has been suggested that children divorce families are on average,

somewhat worse off than children who live in intact families (Jeynes, 2000)

These children have more difficulty in school, more behavior problems, more negative self-

concepts, more problems with peers and more trouble getting along with their parents, the

psychological and social disadvantages can significantly interfere with the student ability to reach

their full potential for success in school.

Academic achievement is a major influence in a child’s life a myriad of research findings

supports the suggestion that the academic achievement of children of divorce is lower than that

the children whose parent are neither divorced or separated (Cherian, 2014)

Researchers and educator understand that school becomes more important to children

whose families are in transition because it offers them structure, stability, and continuity during a

time when their home life is being disrupted, it is imperative that more research be done to provides

school system and educators with a better understanding and insight of the effect of divorce on

children. In addition, such research should seek to discover practical learning strategies for

children of divorce in order to improve their academic while experiencing family disruption.

This study focuses the effect of parental separation to the academic achievements of

selected Grade 11 students. Since parental separation can result in multiple negatively effect,

including perceived guilt, blame, stressors, and diminished resources for the children, it is not

surprising that parental separation as also been reported to negatively affect child’s motivation

engagement, and learning – related behavior. In this scenario therefore, the researcher intended to

examine the influence of parental separation and student academic performance among Grade 11

students of the Senior High School Department, Midsalip National High School.
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The purpose of the study is to find out the solution to the following question with regards

to the effect of parental separation on the academic performance of the Grade 11 students.

1. What are the effects of parental separation as viewed by the Grade 11 students?

2. To what extent does parental separation affect the academic performance of the Grade

11 students?

3. Is there a significant relationship between parental separation and academic performance of

Grade 11 student?

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

This study involved a conceptual framework to understand the connection among

parental separation and the Academic performance. Once parents build trust, they seek to become

more involved in student/parent activities within the school. These trusting relationship between

parents and school staff comprise social capital, and individual resource that parents can utilize to

improve their children’s educational outcomes. Figure 1. Shows the effect of parental separation

on Academic performance of grade 11 students. The academic performance is not only determined

by their parent socio-economic status but also parental involvement in the educational processes.

Academic Performance
Parental Separation of the Selected Grade 11
Students.

Figure 1
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study would be able to thought more-light on the sensitive influence of parental

separation on students and the need for parents to unanimously play their indispensable and very

crucial role of promoting children development through effective parenting.

Thus, this study will benefit the following individual

Teachers The study was eye opener to the teachers view in student’s performance and help them

to guide and give their full understanding about the students’ situations.

Students For them to be aware on how to deal with problems and will be able to learn to more

positive outlook in life and to take full responsibilities in life.

Parents To guide their children in proper guidance and behavior for their performance in school

they will soon realize the importance of the children student growth.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The primary focus of this study is to determine the effect of parental separation of

Academic performance of the selected Grade 11 students of Midsalip National High School. This

study discusses the Academic achievements of the selected students.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Parent: This means Mother and Father.

Parenting: This means the art of rearing children.

Single Parental Homes: Is a family or home in which a parent cares of for children.

Reproduction: This means child bearing or bringing forth children.

Divorce: Is legal separation of husband and wife

Nucleus: This means center or base

Academic Achievement: This is the total of all child educational activities in Midsalip School.

This could be derived from oral test or written tests which might be teachers made tests or

standardized test
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter presence the related literature and studies that would give clear and

understanding about the effect of parental separation and the Academic global attention.

Government and non-government organization have played vital roles in elimination of this

menace because of the psychological and social problem which make the student to exhibit strange

and unguided behavior (HARRINGTON, 2013) For obvious reasons children see parental

separation impact the youngster’s behavior in the school environment peer group and even in the

society at large. The family structure is altered and thus affected. Many parental separations are

emotional and can even draw the children into the conflict between the parents.

Academic performance is ‘what a student capable of achieving when tested or examine on

what he/she has been taught. Many empirical studies have been carried out to determine factors

affecting student’s academic performance. Pointed to a combination of personal and institutional

factors which are capable of influencing students’ Academic performance. He explains that the

personal factors related to the individual’s intelligence, knowledge and ability while institutional

factors include family or parental influences, societal influences and school related factors such as

student- teacher rapport like their accommodation and living conditions.

The effect of parental separation is terminating process that breaks down a family that can

leaves devastating consequences with the family society view on marriage has drastically charged

from how it was viewed fifty years ago. Now a day have easier access to parental separation, so

instead of trying to work out conflicts they find it easier to simply sign some papers and rid
themselves of there spouse. With parental separation refer as high as they are today is some as if

people are not talking it consideration the potential devastating affect parental separation involve

minor children (PORTINOY 2008). That is a lot of children there are a lot of emotional that come

from it is well. The parental separation alone is not the only thing that causes children reaction to

the situation (OPPAWSKY 2000).

Parental separation is a sad time for any child because no one wants to see his or her parents

split up. In the study OPPAWSKY (2000). Report he/she that children also experienced different

variations of sadness as well as feeling shame with what was occurring in their family unit.

Problems with emotional instability their parents. Depending on how conflict were-being handled

at home and child coping abilities a number or negative feelings could be expressed towards

parents

Separation can have both physical and mental effect on students. The health consequences of

parent’s separation are also well documented, showing the detrimental effects of parent’s

separation on both somatic and mental health with the parent’s separation or experiencing higher

levels of depression, stress and fear, as well as low lower levels of self-esteem (Bracke,2010). The

physical and mental toll of parent separation astounding.

Parental separation is like mourning and children often find it difficult to cope with the strong

emotions that arise from such a loss and when it happens some negative behaviors can rise such

as; anger, anxiety, aggression, behavioral problems, discrimination, lack of concentration, sadness,

falling out with friends, low self-esteem, guilt (thinking it is their fault), increased dependency and

minor health problems.

 The effects of both father absence and mother absence, increased the risk of school

disciplinary problems when there is single-mother at home and reduced college expectations of

the children when there is single father at home. In general, the accumulated research shows that

children with separated parents, compared with children with continuously married parents, exhibit

more conduct problems, have more emotional problems.

 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter consisted of research design, population of sample, sampling procedures, instrument

data gathering procedures. In addition, it will discuss the development of learning activities for students

affected by parental separation.

Research Design

The study will use a descriptive correlation design that is quantitative methods of data collection. It

is quantitative in the sense that is based on methodological principles of description. And use of statistical

measurements. This design is considered appropriate for this study, because the work is intended to describe

the overall impact of parental separation on the Academic performance of selected Grade 11 students in

Midsalip National High School.

Research Locale

This study will be conducted in Midsalip National High School, formerly known as

Midsalip National High School in Zamboanga Del Sur. It is a secondary school offer both junior

high school and senior high school.

Research Respondents

This research respondents show the total population of 126 male and 159 females, so the total

population is 285 students. And the sample size is 52, this 59 is the students who have experienced parental

separation.
Category Respondents Total Population Sample Size

Male 126 24

Female 159 28

Total 285 52

Sampling Teqnique

The purposive sampling will be utilized to the selected respondents based on these criteria

as follows parental separation is consist of Two hundred eighty five (285) students randomly

selected with the use of stratified and simple random sampling technique from eight classes of the

secondary school. Twenty-four males and twenty-eight females were selected from each of the

students.

Research Instrument

The researchers that were used in the study included the research device questionnaires to

examine the effect of parental separation and the academic achievement of the selected Grade 11

student of the Senior High School Department, Midsalip National High School. In addition, the

researcher includes Likert scale in the questionnaire for accurate information and to determine the

the level of how parental separation affects the selected grade 11 students.s

Scaling Procedure
The researchers used scaling method in interpreting the data. Scaling method can be the simple

sum or average of questionnaires responses over the set of individual items that uses 1-5 points

scale. Scaling method is divided into two parts.

Numerical Scale Descriptive Equivalent

Strongly Agree 3.21- 4.00

Agree 2.61- 3.20

Disagree 1.81-2.60

Strongly Disagree 1.00-1.81

Data Gathering Procedures

The researchers will send a letter of consent to the school principal of Midsalip National High

School once approve, the researchers will give the survey questionnaire to the selected

respondents. After the respondents answered the survey questionnaire, it will be retrieved and will

be checked to ensure they are completely filled. Finally, data gathered collected will be encoded

into the computer.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The gathered data was collated, evaluated and tabulated using qualitative statistical tools. The

researchers utilized frequency, percentage, ranking and weighted mean in interpreting and

analysing the data.

Computation of the different statistics tools employed in this paper were shown below:

To set the frequency, add as the responses in every item or questions.

Computation of Percentage

Value
Percentage > ————-—
Total Value × 100

Step 1. Write the problem as a fraction, then simplify.

P = 2 / 52

Step 2. Divide the number to get a decimal

P = 0.385%

Step 3. Multiply by 100 to find the percentage

P = 0.259 % × 100

P = 3.85%
Computation of Weighted Mean

Step 1. Multiply the total number of responses in its corresponding Likert scale.

10 × 4 = 40

35 × 3 = 105

6 × 2 = 12

1×1=1

Step 2. After multiplying all the total responses by Likert scale, add all the product

40 + 105 + 12 + 1 = 158

Step 3. After adding the product, divide the product to the total respondents or frequency to get

the weighted mean.

158 / 52 = 3.04
WM = 3.04

Computation for the overall weighted mean

Step 1. Add all the weighted mean

3.04 + 2.79 + 3.00 + 2.92 + 3.02 + 2.48 + 2.86 + 2.81 + 2,77 + 2.75 = 28.43

Step 2. Divide the sum of the weighted mean to the number of items / questions

28.43 / 10 = 2.84 ——> overall weighted mean