CHAPTER 8:EDUCATION
programs with 2 semesters per year.
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
• Evaluate how func ons of educa on affect the
lives of people in society; (UCSP11/12HSO--IIf-
26)
• Promote primary educa on as a human right
(UCSP11/12HSO-IIf-27)Educa on is the social
ins tu on that formally socializes members of
the society. It also refers to the process through
which skills, knowledge, and values are
transmi ed from the teachers to the learners.
TYPES OF EDUCATION
 Formal Educa on
 Non-formal Educa on
 Informal Educa on
Formal educa on usually takes placed in a
classroom se ng and provided by trained
teaching and nonteaching staff.
 Elementary Educa on
 Secondary Educa on
 Ter ary Educa on
 Voca onal Educa on
 SPED Educa on
Elementary educa on is the first part of the
educa onal system, and it includes the first six
years of compulsory educa on from grade 1 to
grade 6.
Secondary educa on is con nuing basic
educa on from the elementary level to four
years of junior high school and two years of
senior high school.
Ter ary educa on is offered by private and
public colleges and universi es. Most higher
educa on ins tu ons offer 4-year degree
Voca onal educa on. Accredited ins tu ons
offer technical and voca onal educa on.
Programs offered vary in dura on from a few
weeks to two years.
Special educa on (SPED) refers to the
educa on of persons who are physically,
mentally, emo onally, socially or culturally
different from so-called "normal" individuals,
such that they require modifica on of school
prac ces to develop their poten al.
Func ons of Educa on in the Society
 Give training in specific skills; or the
basic general educa on literacy
 Prepare individuals for job
 Preserving culture from genera on to
genera on
 Encouraging democra c par cipa on
through verbal skills
 Develop the person's ability to think
logically
 Enriching life by enabling the students
to expand his/her intellectual and
aesthe c horizons
 Improving personal adjustment through
personal counselling
 Improving the health of the na on's
youth
 Producing na onalis c ci zens
 Build personal character
Non-formal educa on is an organized
educa onal ac vity that takes placed outside a
formal set up. It has no age-limit, even adults
can take part in a non formal educa on
program. One example for this is the Alterna ve
Learning System (ALS) of the Department of
Educa on.
Informal educa on is a lifelong process of
learning by which every person acquires and
accumulates knowledge, skills, a tude from
daily experiences at home, at work, at play, and
from life itself.
Educa on is a powerful tool by which
economically and socially marginalized adults
and children can li themselves out of poverty
and par cipate fully as ci zens. Hence in the
Philippines, primary educa on is considered a
right of a child. It is enshrined in the 1987
Philippine Cons tu on.

The two most important goals of educa on for

the individual and society are:

1. Produc ve ci zenry refers to an idea that a

ci zen can create opportuni es to become
produc ve.

2. Self-actualiza on refers to a desire for self-

fulfillment. If an individual's self-fulfillment is
through achieving his dreams and aspira ons in
life, once these are achieved, he reaches the
level of self-actualiza on.

Primary Educa on as a Human Right

The Universal Declara on of Human Rights

states that everyone has the right to educa on.
Educa on has to be free and compulsory at
least in the primary level, higher educa on and
technical-voca onal educa on should be made
generally available.

Primary Educa on as a Human Right

In the statement of United Na ons Educa onal,

Scien fic, and Cultural Organiza on (UNESCO),
educa on is a fundamental human right and
essen al for the exercise of all other human
rights. It promotes individual freedom and
empowerment and yields important
development benefits.

Primary Educa on as a Human Right