Worksheet 3

Work and Energy

Question 1

a) The energy that a body possesses by virtue of its motion is known as ______________ energy.

b) The energy that a body possesses by virtue of its height above the ground is known as
________________________ ___________________________ energy.

Question 2

A force F acts along the path of a body of mass m and changes its velocity from u to v. If acceleration is a,

a) The force F = _____________, the displacement S = ____________________, and the work done W = __________

b) Obtain the equation W = ½mv2 − ½mu2

c) Here, ½mv2 is called _______________ ______________ energy, and ½mu2 is called _______________ ______________
energy

d) The kinetic energy K of a body is ½mv2. What is its velocity v?

e) Write an equation that relates the kinetic energy K of the body with its momentum p.

Question 3

An body of mass m is lying at a height h1. It is raised to a height h2. The acceleration due to gravity is g.

a) The work done to move the object from h1 to h2 is W = ________________________________

b) Obtain the equation W = mgh2 – mgh1

c) Here, mgh2 is called ______________ ___________________________________ ___________________ energy (Ufinal), and

mgh1 is called ______________ ___________________________________ ___________________ energy (Uinitial).

d) When an body of mass m is at a height h above the ground, its gravitational potential energy U =
Question 4
a) Calculate the kinetic energy of a car of mass 1000 kg moving at a speed of 90 kmph.
b) Two bodies P and Q have equal mass. Q travels at double the speed compared to P. Calculate the ratio
of their kinetic energies.
c) A bullet of mass 5 g moves with a speed of 400 m/s.
i. Calculate its kinetic energy.
ii. How fast should a boy of mass 50 kg move in order to possess equal kinetic energy?

Question 5
a) Find the gravitational potential energy possessed by a body of mass 6 kg kept at a height of 13 m
above the ground.
b) Two bodies X and Y of equal mass are kept at heights h and 2h respectively. State the ratio of their
potential energies.
c) The work done in raising a box of mass 32 kg to a height is 240 J.
i. What is the potential energy gained by the box?
ii. Determine the height of the box.

Question 6
a) How much net work is required to accelerate a 1000 kg car from 20 m.s-1 to 30 m.s-1?
b) An 100 g arrow is shot from a bow whose string exerts a force of 100 N on the arrow over a distance
of 80 cm. What is the speed of the arrow as it leaves the bow?