REVIEWER IN MICROFINANCE Impact – the changes in the lives of the members, to their

families and communities.

QUIZ 1

MICROFINANCE
Defined as the viable and sustainable provision of a
broad range of financial services to poor and low
income individuals engaged in livelihood and micro
enterprise activities.
ESSAY
Poverty is the number one problem in every country that many
people suffer. As a student, wgar and how can you contribute to
eradicating poverty?

DR. MUHAMMAD YUNUS

The Father of Microfinance. TOPIC 4: CONCEPT OF SAVINGS

DECEMBER 10 1986 SAVINGS

When did CARD Inc. Originated? - Simply refers to the money you’ve earned that is left over after all
of your spending and other expenses have been completed.
REPUBLIC ACT 10693 CONVENTIONAL DEFINITION:
Also known as the “Microfinance NGOs Act” Income - expenses = Savings
CARD DEFINITION OF SAVINGS:
OUTREACH Income - Savings = Expense
An ability of the organization to reach out to poor
families and provide them with the products and WHY PEOPLE SAVE?
services of the microfinance institutions. 1. Children’s Education
2. Capital for business (Existing or new business)
FINANCIAL SERVICES PROVIDED BY MICROFINANCE 3. Retirement/Better life
-Deposit 4. Emergency needs
-Loans 5. Everyday needs
-Payment Services 6. Acquired fixed assets
-Insurances
-Money transfer/Remittances DISADVANTAGES OF SAVING THROUGH A PIGGY BANK
- Potential for theft, overspending, demands from family
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES OF MICROFINANCE - Value cannot cope with inflation rate
 -Morality - No returns/income from savings
o Over-indebtedness of the poor caused
by multiple loans and wrong IMPORTANCE OF SAVINGS IN BANKS
assessments by MFI. 1. Withdrawable
o Over-saturation of accessible areas 2. Security
and absence of services in remote 3. Access to other services
areas. 4. Returns
o Unfair competition.
o Negative publicity of other MFIs. INFLATION
o Violation of code of ethics particularly - Is a sustained increased in price level of goods and services in an
client and staff pirating. economy over a period of time.
 Unclear/ no laws governing or related to
microfinance in many countries IMPORTANCE OF SAVING IN BANKS
 Weak regulatory systems GOOD FORMULA: Income - Savings = Expenses
BUT THIS IS BETTER: Income - Investments = Expenses
 Further sophistication of microfinance
operations.
OTHER FORMS OF SAVINGS:
 Massive scale, intense competition.
- Jewelry
- Livestock
STRATEGIES AND INNOVATIONS OF MICROFINANCE
- Inventory
- Savings orientation/customer orientation of
- Land
microfinance operators.
- House
- Beyond group lending.
- Durable items
- More governments adopting regulations.
- Consolidation/mergers of smaller MFI.
- More depth of outreach.
- Credit and social performance ratings.
- Diversified products and services (to include
savings, cash transfers, consumption loans, micro-
insurance, etc.)
- Links of microfinance with business development
services.

GOALS OF MICROFINANCE
Outreach – ability of the organization to reach out
to poor families and provide them
with the products and services of
the microfinance institutions
Sustainability – ability of the organization to
continue and sustain the provision of the products
and services to target clients today and tomorrow
(future)

TOPIC 5
INSURANCE
- According to Section 2(a) of Republic Act No.
10607 known as THE INSURANCE CODE states, A
contract of insurance is an agreement whereby one
undertakes for a consideration to indemnity another
against loss, damage or liability arising from an
unknown or contingent event.
GENERAL PRODUCTS OF INSURANCE
1. Life Insurance- products that insure human lives of
anything connected to a human’s health and death.
2. Non life Insurance- Products that do not insure
human lives or anything connected to it.
MICRO-AGRI
-Refers to both standard indemnity-based and
parametric-based microinsurance.
- Agriculture,forestry,fisheries and processing sectors
in the Philippines.
MICRO-HEALTH
- Refers to an activity providing specific health
insurance, health insurance-like, and other similar
products and services.
- Address the health needs of the general
population , particularly the low-income and the
informal sectors.
WHAT IS MICROINSURANCE?
- According to Section 187 of Republic Act No. 10607
known as “ THE INSURANCE CODE” defined
MICROINSURANCE is a financial products or service that
meets the risk protection need of the poor.
TYPES OF MICROINSURANCE PRODUCTS
1. Micro-life Insurance
 Examples: Term insurance, Credit Life
insurance, Personal accident insurance.
2. Micro-Non-Life Insurance
 Examples: Casualty and liability
Insurance, Various Property insurance.
BENEFITS
1. AFFORDABILITY - Microinsurance products are
affordable to low-income households.
2. PROTECTION AGAINST RISKS - Microinsurance
provides low-income households with a vessel that can
help protect themselves against uncertainties.
3. DIFFERENT COVERAGE OFFERED- Microinsurance
offers various types of coverage. They can choose life
insurance or non-life insurance.
4. MINIMAL REQUIREMENTS - The providers typically
ask for minimal documentary requirements making it
easy to understand for those who want to get insured.
5. SHORTER CLAIM PERIOD - They can get claims
typically after 10 working days upon submitting the
required documents.
TOPIC 7: BASIC FEATURES OF MFI AS A SOCIAL BUSINESS
SOCIAL ENTERPRISE
- the act of starting a business with the main objective being
to help solve a social issue.
- is the process of developing innovative, new organization
to address social, cultural, and environmental problems.
Social enterprise are revenue generating business with a twist.
- For- Profit organization
- Non- Profit organization
2 GOALS OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISE
1. To achieve social mission.
2. To earn revenue.
TYPES OF ENTERPRISE
- Sole Proprietorship
- Partnership
- Corporation
TYPES OF SOCIAL ENTERPRISES
1.Trading Enterprises
2. Financial Institutions
3. Community Organizations
4. Non- Government Organizations (NGOs) and charities.
THE EMERGING CONCEPT OF SOCIAL BUSINESS
Prof. Muhammad Yunus defines a social business as a business.
1. Created and designed to address a social problem.
2. A non- loss, non-dividend company
3. It is a financially self-sufficient, and business are reinvested in the
business itself.(or is used to start other social businesses)
7 PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL BUSINESS
Developed by Prof. Muhammad Yunus and Hans Reitz, co-
founder of Grameen Creative Lab.
1. Business objective will be to overcome poverty or more problems
( such as education, health, and environment) which threaten people
and society; not profit maximization.
2. Financial and economic sustainability
3. Investors get back their investment amount only. No dividend is
given beyond investment money.
4. When investment amount is paid back, company or expansion and
improvement.
5. Gender sensitive and environmentally conscious
6. Workforce gets market wage with better working conditions.
7. Do it with joy.
REVIEWER IN UNDERSTANDING THE SELF
LESSON 1: THE SELF FROM VARIOUS PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVE
SOCRATES (470-399 BC)
 RENE DESCARTES (1596-1650)

PLATO (428-347 BC)

DAVID HUME (1711-1774)

ST. AGUSTINE (354-430 BC)

ST. THOMAS AQUINAS (1225-1274)

IMMANUEL KANT (1711-1774)

GILBERT RYLE (1900-1976)

MAURICE MERLEAU- PONTY (1908-1961)

LESSON 3: THE SELF AS A COGNITIVE CONSTRUCT

LESSON 5: THE PHYSICAL AND SEXUAL SELF
 PHYSIOLOGY OF HUMAN SEXUAL RESPPONSE
FIRST STAGE: EXCITEMENT PHASE

SECOND STAGE: PLATEAU PHASE

THIRD STAGE: SEXUAL CLIMAX

FINAL STAGE: RESOLUTION PHASE

EROGENOUS ZONES

SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES (STDs)

TYPES OF BEHAVIOR CHLAMYDIA

GONORRHEA

HUMAN SEXUAL BEHAVIOR

1. SOLITARY BEHAVIOR

SYPHILLIS

2. SOCIOSEXUAL BEHAVIOR

HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS(HPV)
 ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS

SUBDERMAL IMPLANTS

HORMONAL INJECTIONS
NATURAL METHODS OF CONTRACEPTION

ABSTINENCE

INTRAUTERINE DEVICE (IUD)

CALENDAR METHOD

CONDOMS

BASAL BODY TEMPERATURE

SURGICAL METHODS (VASECTOMY AND TUBAL LIGATION)

CERVICAL MUCUS METHOD

COITUS INTERRUPTUS(WITHDRAWAL METHOD)

ARTIFICIAL METHODS OF CONTRACEPTION