Q1.

Complete each sentence about the heart by choosing the correct words from the box.

A ventricle fills with blood by the contraction of _________________________ .

When a ventricle contracts, blood is forced into __________________________ .

When a ventricle relaxes, the backflow of blood into it is prevented by the closing of

_________________________ .
(Total 3 marks)

Q2.
Figure 1 shows a diagram of the human heart.

Figure 1

(a) Name parts A and B.

A _________________________________________________________________

B _________________________________________________________________
(2)

(b) What is the function of blood vessel C?

Tick one box.

To take blood from the heart around the

body

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 To take blood from the body to the heart

To take blood from the heart to the lungs

To take blood from the lungs to the heart

(1)

(c) Coronary heart disease (CHD) develops when layers of fatty material build up in the
coronary artery.

One treatment for CHD is to insert a stent into the coronary artery.

Figure 2 shows a stent in a coronary artery.

Figure 2

Explain why the stent helps to prevent a heart attack.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(4)

(d) Look at the table below.

Number of deaths Amount of fruit

from CHD per 100 and vegetables
Country
000 population per eaten in kg per
year person per year

A 285 180

B 250 320

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 C 198 250

D 151 220

E 125 244

Plot the missing bars for countries D and E on Figure 3.

Use data from the table above.

Figure 3

(2)

(e) People in country B are more likely to die from CHD than people in country E.

How many more times as likely are people to die from CHD in country B than in
country E?

___________________________________________________________________
(1)

(f) A student concluded:

‘The factor that causes CHD is not eating enough fruit and vegetables.’

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 Evaluate the student’s conclusion.

Use data from Figure 3, and your own knowledge, in your answer.

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________
(6)
(Total 16 marks)

Q3.
Diagram 1 shows a section through the heart.

Diagram 1

(a) Use words from the box to label parts A, B, C and D.

artery atrium capillary platelet vein ventricle

(4)

(b) Diagram 2 shows one treatment for a diseased coronary artery.

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 Diagram 2

© Nucleus Medical Art/Visuals Unlimited/Corbis

(i) Name the treatment shown in Diagram 2.

______________________________________________________________
(1)

(ii) Explain how the treatment works.

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________
(2)
(Total 7 marks)

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Mark schemes

Q1.
an atrium
1

an artery
1

a semi-lunar valve
1
[3]

Q2.
(a) (A) right atrium
1

(B) right ventricle

1

(b) To take blood from the lungs to the heart

1

(c) keeps the (coronary) artery open / wide

1

so the blood can carry glucose and oxygen

1

to the heart (muscle)

1

for respiration
1
if marking points 2, 3 and 4 not awarded allow 1 mark for
‘keep a (constant) flow of blood to the heart (muscle)’

(d) bar D correctly plotted

1

bar E correctly plotted

1
± 0.5 small squares

(e) twice / two times (more likely)

1

(f) Level 3 (5–6 marks):

A detailed and coherent evaluation is provided that considers a range of relevant
points
about how well the data correlates with the statement, quoting relevant comparisons
and
comes to a conclusion consistent with the reasoning.

Level 2 (3–4 marks):

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 An attempt to relate relevant points within the data and come to a conclusion. The
logic may be inconsistent at times but builds towards a coherent argument.

Level 1 (1–2 marks):

Discrete, relevant points made, attempting to apply understanding of the factors
involved in development of CHD to the data in the table. The logic may be unclear
and the conclusion, if present, may not be consistent with the reasoning.

0 marks:
No relevant content

Indicative content

data that supports statement:

• country A has the highest death rate at 285 deaths per 1000 and the
lowest consumption at only 180 kg per person
• death rate in country E is less than half that in country A (125 compared
with 285) and consumption is higher (244 compared with 180)
• other countries with lower death rates than A have higher consumption
(eg country B 250 deaths per 1000 but consumption of 320 kg per
person)
arguments against statement:
• but most of the data on the graph does not show clear correlation
between death rates and consumption of data
• eg death rate in country B is second highest at 250 deaths per 1000 but
consumption is highest at 320 kg per person, nearly double that in A
where death rate is only 35 per 1000 more
• differences show no clear pattern – eg in countries where death rate is
much lower the consumption is not a similar proportion higher (cf country
D death
rate just under half that in A but consumption not double that in A)
• there may be other factors affecting death rate that are not reported,
such as smoking, obesity, exercise, stress
6
[16]

Q3.
(a) A artery
allow aorta
1

B ventricle
ignore references to left and right
1

C atrium
ignore references to left and right
allow atria
1

D vein
allow vena cava
1

(b) (i) stent

1

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(ii) keeps (artery) open
1

so (more) blood can flow through

allow blood can flow (more) easily
ignore ref to blood clots
1
[7]

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