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Preface
Objectives
This document describes the Gazelle S1020i-GL all-GE switches in terms of overview,
hardware structure, technical specifications, hardware installation, networking applications,
management, and maintenance. The appendix lists terms, acronyms, and abbreviations
involved in this document.
Versions
The following table lists the product versions related to this document.
Conventions
Symbol conventions
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as below.
Symbol Description
Indicate a hazard with a medium or low level of risk which, if
not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
Indicate a tip that may help you solve a problem or save time.
General conventions
Convention Description
Times New Roman Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman.
Arial Paragraphs in Warning, Caution, Notes, and Tip are in Arial.
Boldface Buttons and navigation path are in Boldface.
Italic Book titles are in italics.
Lucida Console Terminal display is in Lucida Console.
Book Antiqua Heading 1, Heading 2, Heading 3, and Block are in Book
Antiqua.
Change history
Updates between document versions are cumulative. Therefore, the latest document version
contains all updates made to previous versions.
Issue 01 (2010-06-03)
Initial commercial release
Contents
1 Overview......................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Characteristics .................................................................................................................................................. 2
1.3 Features ............................................................................................................................................................ 3
1.4 Applications...................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.4.1 Crossroad video monitoring system application ..................................................................................... 4
1.5 Product model .................................................................................................................................................. 5
4 Hardware installation................................................................................................................. 46
4.1 Preparing for installation ................................................................................................................................ 46
4.1.1 Precautions ............................................................................................................................................ 46
4.1.2 Environmental conditions ..................................................................................................................... 46
4.1.3 Power supply conditions ....................................................................................................................... 47
4.1.4 Static electricity conditions ................................................................................................................... 47
4.1.5 Grounding conditions ............................................................................................................................ 47
4.1.6 Other conditions .................................................................................................................................... 47
4.2 Installing device ............................................................................................................................................. 48
4.2.1 Installing device on guide rail ............................................................................................................... 48
4.3 Grounding device ........................................................................................................................................... 49
4.4 Connecting cables .......................................................................................................................................... 50
4.4.1 Connecting Ethernet cable .................................................................................................................... 50
4.4.2 Connecting fiber .................................................................................................................................... 51
4.4.3 Connecting power cable ........................................................................................................................ 52
4.5 Powering on device ........................................................................................................................................ 53
4.6 Checking installation ...................................................................................................................................... 53
6 Appendix ...................................................................................................................................... 60
6.1 Terms .............................................................................................................................................................. 60
6.2 Acronym and abbreviations ............................................................................................................................ 65
Figures
Figure 2-19 Appearance of the AC power interface on the Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-GL-AC .......................... 28
Figure 2-20 Appearance of the AC power interface on the Gazelle S1020i-4GF-8GE-GL-AC .......................... 28
Tables
Table 2-22 Parameters of the GE (1250 Mbit/s) dual-fiber bidirectional optical module .................................... 29
Table 2-23 Parameters of the GE (1250 Mbit/s) single-fiber bidirectional optical module.................................. 30
1 Overview
This chapter describes basic information about the Gazelle S1020i-GL, including the
following sections:
Introduction
Characteristics
Features
Applications
Product model
1.1 Introduction
The Gazelle S1020i-GL GE industrial switch (hereinafter referred to as the Gazelle S1020i-
GL) adopts an all-metal shell and fanless heat dissipation design, features small size and low
power consumption, and is easy to install. It is designed to meet requirements for industrial
on-site data backhaul and industrial automated controlling system, so it can work stably for a
long time in harsh environments.
The Gazelle S1020i-GL supports industrial redundant ring network protocol, completes Layer
2 features, and network management functions, and provides multiple interface forms,
including electrical interfaces and optical interfaces. As a Power Sourcing Equipment (PSE),
it supports Power over Ethernet (PoE) by the RJ45 interface.
Figure 1-1 shows the appearance of the Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-PWH-GL-DC48.
1.2 Characteristics
The Gazelle S1020i-GL is characterized by high reliability:
Adopt an industrial chip and power module, implementing low power consumption.
Adopt an all-metallic shell, and a fanless heat dissipation design.
Support IP40 protection.
Support standard ERPS ring network solution in the industry and 50ms fast service
switching, thus implementing carrier-grade reliability.
Support a wide range of operating temperature from -40 to +75°C (altitude: 0–1800 m).
Be dampproof and corrosion-resistant. Support humidity of 5%–95% in the operating
environment (non-condensing).
Support the Digital Input (DI) interface and relay alarms.
Provide multiple interface types. The uplink interface supports the SFP optical interface.
The downlink interface supports the RJ45 electrical interface.
Support IEEE 802.3 af, IEEE 802.3 at, and IEEE 802.3 bt standards to supply 15 W, 30
W, and 90 W power.
Support Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) v1/v2c/v3, Raisecom NView
NNM system, and Command Line Interface (CLI).
Support Dying Gasp.
When the altitude increases by 220 m between 1800 m and 5000 m, the highest
operating temperature of the device decreases by 1°C.
1.3 Features
Table 1-1 shows features of the Gazelle S1020i-GL.
interface modes
Basic QinQ
STP/RSTP/MSTP
Loop detection, solving the problem of self-loop and inner loop
Interface protection, implementing L2 data isolation
Port mirroring
Transparent transmission of L2CP
IEEE 802.3af and IEEE 802.3at PoE
PoE
Non-standard PDs
Smart PoE
Feature Description
Multicast filtering and unknown multicast discarding
Multicast
IGMP Snooping
IGMP MVR
Multicast VLAN copy
IGMP Proxy
IGMP filtering
Port security MAC (static, dynamic, and Sticky secure MAC)
Security
Dynamic ARP detection (static binding and dynamic binding)
RADIUS
802.1X
Interface-based storm control
IP Source Guard
PPPoE+ (static binding and dynamic binding)
Manual and static link aggregation
Reliability
Interface backup
Link-state tracking
SNMP (v1/v2c/v3)
System
RMON (statistics group, history statistics group, alarm group, and event
management
group)
LLDP
System log
Alarm management
Hardware monitoring
CPU monitoring
CPU protection
Ping and Traceroute
1.4 Applications
1.4.1 Crossroad video monitoring system application
The crossroad video monitoring system is used in hierarchical highway toll stations and
specific transportation crossings in the cities, etc. It can accurately collect and record
information about vehicles that pass the station and crossing.
Figure 1-2 shows the crossroad video monitoring system using the Gazelle S1020i-GL.
After the aggregation switch in the police station is connected to the Gazelle S1020i-GL, the
Layer 2 industrial Ethernet switch, IP high-definition bullet cameras, and car sensors form a
crossroad video monitoring system to monitor and manage information about vehicles in each
driveway, record information about illegal vehicles. Meanwhile, the 3G router can back up
data to guarantee data reliability and security.
Model Description
Provide two 100BASE-FX/1000BASE-X SFP optical interfaces.
Gazelle S1020i-
Provide four 10/100/1000BASE-T auto-negotiation electrical
2GF-4GE-PWH-
GL-DC48 interfaces, support IEEE 802.3 af, IEEE 802.3 at, and IEEE 802.3
bt, and support non-standard PDs.
Provide 2 DI interfaces for inputting digital signals.
Support outputting 1 ways of relay alarms.
Support 48 VDC power dual input.
Model Description
Provide four 100BASE-FX/1000BASE-X SFP optical interfaces.
Gazelle S1020i-
Provide eight 10/100/1000BASE-T auto-negotiation electrical
4GF-8GE-PWH-
GL-DC48 interfaces, support IEEE 802.3 af, IEEE 802.3 at, and IEEE 802.3
bt, and support non-standard PDs.
Provide 2 DI interfaces for inputting digital signals.
Support outputting 1 ways of relay alarms.
Support 48 VDC power dual input.
Provide two 1000Base-X/100Base-FX optical interfaces.
Gazelle S1020i-
Provide four 10/100/1000BASE-TX Ethernet electrical interfaces.
2GF-4GE-GL-
Provide 1 ALM interface.
AC
Provide 1 RJ45 Console interface.
Support single AC or DC 110/220 V power input
Provide two 1000Base-X/100Base-FX optical interfaces.
Gazelle S1020i-
Provide four 10/100/1000BASE-TX Ethernet electrical interfaces.
2GF-4GE-GL-
Provide 1 ALM interface.
DCW48
Provide 1 RJ45 Console interface.
Support dual DC power input with wide range of 24/48 V.
Provide four 1000Base-X/100Base-FX optical interfaces.
Gazelle S1020i-
Provide eight 10/100/1000BASE-TX Ethernet electrical interfaces.
4GF-8GE-GL-
Provide 1 ALM interface.
AC
Provide 1 DI interface.
Provide 1 RJ45 Console interface.
Support single AC or DC 110/220 V power input.
Provide four 1000Base-X/100Base-FX optical interfaces.
Gazelle S1020i-
Provide eight 10/100/1000BASE-TX Ethernet electrical interfaces.
4GF-8GE-GL-
Provide 1 ALM interface.
DCW48
Provide 1 DI interface.
Provide 1 RJ45 Console interface.
Support dual DC power input with wide range of 24/48 V.
For the Combo interface, you can choose its optical interface or electrical interface.
For one Combo interface, only one of its optical interface and electrical interface can
be chosen at a time.
2 Hardware structure
This chapter describes the hardware structure of the Gazelle S1020i-GL, including the
following sections:
Appearance
Interfaces
Interface properties
Lookup table of optical module parameters
LEDs
Power supply
Cables
2.1 Appearance
2.1.1 Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-PWH-GL-DC48
Front appearance
Figure 2-1 shows the front appearance of the Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-PWH-GL-DC48.
1 LEDs (PWR1, PWR2, SYS, ALM, MGMT, LNK/ACT5–6, and SPEED 5–6)
2 Service uplink interfaces 5–6 (SFP)
3 Service downlink interfaces 1–4 RJ45) and LEDs
optical interface
Top appearance
Figure 2-2 shows the top appearance of the Gazelle S1020i-4GF-8GE-GS.
Front appearance
Figure 2-3 shows the front appearance of the Gazelle S1020i-4GF-8GE-PWH-GL-DC48.
optical interface
Top appearance
Figure 2-4 shows the top appearance of the Gazelle S1020i-4GF-8GE-PWH-GL-DC48.
1 LEDs (PWR1, PWR2, SYS, ALM, MGMT, LNK/ACT 5–6, and SPEED 5–6)
2 Service uplink interfaces 5–6 (SFP)
interface
1 LEDs (PWR1, PWR2, SYS, ALM, MGMT, LNK/ACT 5–6, and SPEED 5–6)
2 Service uplink interfaces 5–6 (SFP)
interface
interface
optical interface
2.2 Interfaces
2.2.1 Interface types and usage
Service interfaces
Table 2-7 lists interface types and usage of the Gazelle S1020i-GL.
2.2.2 Button
Table 2-9 lists the button of the Gazelle S1020i-GL.
Parameter Description
Transmission rate 10/100/1000 Mbit/s auto-negotiation
Duplex mode Full/Half duplex
When the transmission rate is 10/100 Mbit/s, we recommend
Specifications
using Cat 5 or better STP cable.
When the transmission rate is 1000 Mbit/s, we recommend using
Alarm status
When an alarm is generated, PIN 1 and PIN 2 are connected and thus the ALM LED is
on.
When no alarm is generated, PIN 2 and PIN 3 are connected and thus the ALM LED is
off.
Table 2-13 lists parameters of the alarm output interface.
2.3.5 DI interface
The Gazelle S1020i-GL DI interface adopts the 5-pin Phoenix connector (with spaces of 5.08
mm) or the 3-pin Phoenix connector (supported by the GazelleS1020i-4GF-8GE-GL only),
which is connected with a related device for inputting external digital signals, thus monitoring
external environment alarms.
Figure 2-15 shows the DI interface on the Gazelle S1020i-4GF-16GE-GS and Gazelle
S1020i-4GF-8GE-GS.
Figure 2-16 shows the DI interface on the Gazelle S1020i-12GF-16GE-GS.
Table 2-14 lists the usage and related PIN prints of the digital input interface.
The digital input interface supports current up to 8 mA. Each channel of digital signal input
supports the following statuses:
High level: the input voltage is 13–30 V.
Low level: the input voltage is -30 to +1 V.
After login, you can configure the triggering condition of an external alarm to high level or
low level in global configuration mode, as described in Table 2-15.
2.4 LEDs
Table 2-17 lists LEDs on the Gazelle S1020i-GL, which are located at the line side on the
front panel. Lights are guided to the front panel through light pipes.
properly.
Off: the system is being started or working
improperly.
Down status.
Yellow: the optical interface is working at
Optical interface SPEED Yellow
rate LED 100 Mbit/s.
Off: the optical interface is working at 10
status.
Green: the device is being accessed.
Network MGMT Green
Off: power supply 1 is abnormal or off.
management
LED
Green: the PoE power supply is normal.
PoE LED POE Green
Off: the PoE power supply is off or.
DC power interface
Figure 2-17 shows the DC power interface on the Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-PWH-GL-DC48
and Gazelle S1020i-4GF-8GE-PWH-GL-DC48.
Figure 2-18 shows the DC power interface on the Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-GL and Gazelle
S1020i-4GF-8GE-GL.
AC power interface
The Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-GL-AC and Gazelle S1020i-4GF-8GE-GL-AC support the AC
power supply.
Figure 2-19 shows appearance of the AC power interface on the Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-
GL-AC.
Figure 2-20 shows appearance of the AC power interface on the Gazelle S1020i-4GF-8GE-
GL-AC.
The AC power interface on the Gazelle S1020i-GL is a 3-pin or 5-pin Phoenix connector
interface (with spaces of 7.62 mm).
Table 2-20 lists interface type and usage of the AC power supply.
2.5.3 Specifications
Table 2-21 lists specifications of power supplies.
Frequency 50/60Hz
Table 2-22 Parameters of the GE (1250 Mbit/s) dual-fiber bidirectional optical module
Model Tx Rx Tx optical Overl Extinc Rx Mode Transm
wavelen wavelengt power oadin tion sensitivit ission
gth (nm) h (nm) (EOL) g ratio y (dBm) distanc
(dBm) point (dB) e (km)
(dBm)
USFP- 850 830–870 -9.5 to -3 >0 >9 < -17 MM 0.55
Gb/M-I
USFP- 1310 1260–1620 -10 to -3 > -3 >9 < -21 SM 15
Gb/S1-I
Table 2-23 Parameters of the GE (1250 Mbit/s) single-fiber bidirectional optical module
Model Tx Rx Tx optical Overl Extinc Rx Mode Trans
wavelen wavelengt power oadin tion sensitivit missio
gth (nm) h (nm) (EOL) g ratio y (dBm) n
(dBm) point (dB) distan
(dBm) ce
(km)
USFP- 1310 1500–1610 -10 to -3 > -3.0 > 9.0 < -21 SM 15
Gb/SS13-I
USFP- 1550 1260–1360 -10 to -3 > -3.0 > 9.0 < -21 SM 15
Gb/SS15-I
USFP- 1490 1530–1580 -3.0 to 2.0 > -3.0 > 9.0 < -21 SM 40
Gb/SS24-I
USFP- 1550 1450–1530 -3.0 to 2.0 > -3.0 > 9.0 < -21 SM 40
Gb/SS25-I
USFP- 1490 1530–1580 -2.0 to 3.0 > -3.0 > 9.0 < -26 SM 80
Gb/SS34-I
USFP- 1550 1450–1510 -2.0 to 3.0 > -3.0 > 9.0 < -26 SM 80
Gb/SS35-I
2.7 Cables
2.7.1 Ground cable
connected to the ground cable correctly during installation, which helps avoid
personal injury and equipment damage.
There is a ground terminal on the front panel of the Gazelle S1020i-GL, namely, the chassis
GND. Use the ground terminal to fasten one end of the ground cable to the ground point on
the chassis, and connect the other end to the ground.
Appearance
The ground cable is composed of the ground terminal and conductive wire. In general, the
ground terminal is an OT bare-pressure terminal; and the conductive wire is a yellow/green
copper soft flame-retardant conducting wire.
Figure 2-21 shows the ground cable. Figure 2-22 shows the OT terminal.
Technical specifications
Table 2-24 lists technical specifications of the ground cable.
The Gazelle S1020i-GL is delivered without the ground cable. If required, make
the ground cable on site according to technical specifications.
The ground cable cannot be longer than 30 m and should be as short as possible;
otherwise, a ground bar should be used instead.
Introduction
The Console cable is used to connect the Console interface of the Gazelle S1020i-GL to the
RS-232 serial interface of the console. It transmits configuration data signals. The console
locally debugs and maintains the Gazelle S1020i-GL through the Console interface.
Connector types of the Console cable are below:
RJ45 connector: connect the Console interface on the Gazelle S1020i-GL.
DB9 female interface connector: connect the serial interface on the console.
Appearance
Figure 2-23 shows the RJ45 console cable.
Wiring
Figure 2-24 shows PINs and wiring of the Console cable.
Technical specifications
Table 2-26 lists technical specifications of the Console cable.
Introduction
The Ethernet cable is for connecting Ethernet electrical interfaces with other devices.
The Ethernet interface on the Gazelle S1020i-GL is adaptive to straight-through cable mode
and crossover cable mode.
Make the Ethernet cable on site as required. Use the STP cable.
Appearance
Figure 2-25 shows the Ethernet cable.
Technical specifications
The Ethernet cables have two types:
Straight-through cable: used to connect devices of different types, such as between a PC
and a switch, or between a switch and a router
Crossover cable: used to connect devices of the same type, such as between PCs,
between switches, between routers, or between a PC and a router (they are of the same
type)
Table 2-27 lists the wiring of EIA/TIA 568A and EIA/TIA 568B standards.
Straight-through cable
Both two RJ45 connectors of the straight-through cable follow EIA/TIA 568B standard
wiring.
Figure 2-26 shows the wiring of the straight-through cable.
Crossover cable
One RJ45 connector of the 100 Mbit/s crossover cable follows EIA/TIA 568A standard
wiring; the other RJ45 connector follows EIA/TIA 568B standard wiring.
Figure 2-27 shows the wiring of the 100 Mbit/s crossover cable.
The Gazelle S1020i-GL is only equipped with the power connector instead of power cables.
You can make power cables on site as required according to technical specifications.
The AC power cable which meets American standard is composed of the American 3-pin plug
and coaxial cable, as shown in Figure 2-31.
Figure 2-31 shows the American AC power cable.
2.7.6 Fiber
Introduction
The Gazelle S1020i-GL supports the Single-Mode Fiber (SMF) and Multi-Mode Fiber
(MMF). These two kinds of fiber are the same in appearance but different in color. The
yellow one is the SMF and the orange one is the MMF.
The Gazelle S1020i-GL can be connected to the Optical Distribution Frame (ODF) or optical
interfaces of other devices through fiber.
Table 2-34 lists the type and usage of the fiber.
Choose the connector type and jumper cable length reasonably based on the on-
site requirements.
Choose a connector suitable for the optical interface. Otherwise, it may increase
additional loss of fiber links, reduce transmission quality of services, or even
damage the connector and optical interface.
Appearance
Figure 2-32 shows the appearance of the LC/PC fiber connector.
When connecting or removing the LC/PC fiber connector, align the connector with the optical
interface, and do not rotate the fiber. Operate the fiber as below:
To connect the fiber, align the header of the fiber with the optical interface and insert the
fiber into the interface gently.
To remove the fiber, press down the spring clip, and push the fiber header inwards, and
then pull the fiber out.
Wiring
Table 2-35 lists the wiring of the fiber.
3 Technical specifications
This chapter describes the technical specifications of the Gazelle S1020i-GL, including the
following sections:
Overall parameter
Compliance standard
Technical specifications
EMC standards
155 mm 177 mm
Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-GL: 56 mm 105 mm
135 mm
Gazelle S1020i-4GF-8GE-GL: 80 mm 130 mm
150 mm
Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-PWH-GL-DC48: 8 W
Overall power Without PoE
Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-PWH-GL-DC48: 12 W
consumption
Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-GL: 10 W
Gazelle S1020i-4GF-8GE-GL: 14 W
Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-PWH-GL-DC48: 180 W
With PoE
Gazelle S1020i-4GF-8GE-PWH-GL-DC48: 360 W
Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-PWH-GL-DC48: 0.8 kg
Weight (without guide rail)
Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-PWH-GL-DC48: 1.5 kg
Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-GL: 0.8 kg
Gazelle S1020i-4GF-8GE-GL: 1.1 kg
Parameter Description
(altitude: 0–1800 m)
VDC
Gazelle S1020i-2GF-4GE-GL: 20–72 VDC
Gazelle S1020i-4GF-8GE-GL: 20–72 VDC
110/220 VAC
AC Rated
110/220 VDC
power voltage
supply 85–264 VAC
Voltage
88–300 VDC
range
Frequency 50/60 Hz
Parameter Description
Protection class IP40
Environmental authentication Comply with EU RoHS standard.
The laser beam in the fiber may hurt your eyes. Do not stare into the optical interface
during maintenance and installation.
According to the value of the laser Tx power, the Gazelle S1020i-GL laser belongs to Class 1
in terms of safety. In Class 1, the maximum Tx power on the optical interface is smaller than
10 dBm (10 mW).
4 Hardware installation
This chapter describes hardware installation of the Gazelle S1020i-GL, including the
following sections:
Preparing for installation
Installing device
Grounding device
Connecting cables
Powering on device
Checking installation
Step 2 Press the device to secure it to the guide rail, as shown in Figure 4-2.
Step 3 Check whether the rail clip is clamped to the guide rail tightly.
Step 2 Put the OT terminal of the ground cable and washers to the screw in order.
Step 3 Install the screw to the ground terminal again and tighten the screw clockwise, as shown in
Figure 4-4.
When the Gazelle S1020i-GL is not used, put a dustproof cover on the optical
interface to prevent dust and dirt from entering it, ensuring that the Gazelle S1020i-
GL works normally.
There is invisible laser inside the Gazelle S1020i-GL, which may cause eye injury.
Therefore, do not look directly into the optical interface, header of the optical
connector, or breakage of the fiber.
Step 3 To remove the fiber, push the fiber connector inward slightly, press the spring clip downward,
and then pull out the fiber.
Confirm the power type supported by the Gazelle S1020i-GL before installing the
power cable. Connect the proper power voltage to the corresponding PINs
according to the marks displayed on the device shell. Otherwise, the Gazelle
S1020i-GL will be damaged or fail to be started normally.
Ensure that the ground cable is correctly grounded before connecting the power
cable.
Disconnect all power supplies before connecting or removing the power cable.
Use the power cable which meets the technical specifications.
The power interface of the Gazelle S1020i-GL is a Phoenix terminal. Connect the power
cable as below:
Step 1 Make the power cable according to specifications.
Step 2 Insert the power connector into the power interface of the Gazelle S1020i-GL snuggly and
tighten the screws at both sides of the connector, as shown in Figure 4-8.
Step 3 Connect the other end of the DC power cable to the cabinet or the power sourcing equipment
in the machine room.
This chapter describes how to manage and maintain the Gazelle S1020i-GL, including the
following sections:
Management modes
Maintenance modes
NView NNM System
5.1.1 CLI
Telnet management
The Telnet protocol, one of the TCP/IP protocol stack, is a standard protocol for remote login
through the Internet. By adopting the Telnet protocol, a local PC can be a terminal for the
remote host system. You can remotely log in to and manage the Gazelle S1020i-GL through
the PC which runs the Telnet program.
SSH management
SSH is a protocol that provides secure remote login and other secure network services in
unsecure networks. When you remotely log in to the Gazelle S1020i-GL in an unsecure
network, SSH automatically encrypts data every time the device sends data. When data
reaches the destination, SSH automatically decrypts data. In this way, SSH prevents the
Gazelle S1020i-GL from attacks, such as plain text interception.
SSH can replace the Telnet for managing remote devices or provide secure paths for protocols,
such as FTP.
5.2.2 Traceroute
Traceroute is used to discover the real route through which the packet is transmitted to the
destination. Although the Ping feature can test the connectivity, it cannot record all network
devices on the route limited by the IP header. Traceroute can be used to test routing
information from the source host to the destination host.
5.2.5 Watchdog
By configuring Watchdog, you can prevent the system program from endless loops due to
uncertain fault, thus improving system stability.
5.3.2 Features
The NView NNM system has the following features:
Work as a uniform platform for all Raisecom manageable devices.
Uniformly manage data network and transport network.
Provide strong NE-level management and subnet-level management.
Provide northbound interfaces for integrating with the OAM system, such as COBRA,
SNMP, JDBC, and SOCKET interfaces.
Communicate with NE-level devices through SNMP in the southbound direction. With a
modular design, it supports flexible deployment according to actual situation.
The NView NNM system can be interconnected to the Operation Support System (OOS). It
implements OAM functions between the OSS and NEs through the northbound interface,
such as service activation, alarm reporting, alarm synchronization, fault diagnosis, and
periodical inspection.
Figure 5-1 shows the location of the NView NNM system.
6 Appendix
This chapter lists terms, acronyms, and abbreviations involved in this document, including
and following sections:
Terms
Acronym and abbreviations
6.1 Terms
A
A series of ordered rules composed of permit | deny sentences. These
Access
rules are based on the source MAC address, destination MAC address,
Control List
source IP address, destination IP address, interface ID, etc. The device
(ACL)
decides to receive or refuse the packets based on these rules.
Automatic
The technology that is used for automatically shutting down the laser to
Laser
avoid the maintenance and operation risks when the fiber is pulled out or
Shutdown
the output power is over great.
(ALS)
The interface automatically chooses the rate and duplex mode according
to the result of negotiation. The auto-negotiation process is: the interface
Auto-
adapts its rate and duplex mode to the highest performance according to
negotiation
the peer interface, that is, both ends of the link adopt the highest rate and
duplex mode they both support after auto-negotiation.
Automatic APS is used to monitor transport lines in real time and automatically
Protection analyze alarms to discover faults. When a critical fault occurs, through
Switching APS, services on the working line can be automatically switched to the
(APS) protection line, thus the communication is recovered in a short period.
B
A component installed on both sides of the chassis, used for install the
Bracket
chassis to the rack.
C
CHAP is a widely supported authentication method in which a
representation of the user's password, rather than the password itself, is
sent during the authentication process. With CHAP, the remote access
server sends a challenge to the remote access client. The remote access
client uses a hash algorithm (also known as a hash function) to compute
Challenge a Message Digest-5 (MD5) hash result based on the challenge and a
Handshake hash result computed from the user's password. The remote access client
Authentication sends the MD5 hash result to the remote access server. The remote
Protocol access server, which also has access to the hash result of the user's
(CHAP) password, performs the same calculation using the hash algorithm and
compares the result to the one sent by the client. If the results match, the
credentials of the remote access client are considered authentic. A hash
algorithm provides one-way encryption, which means that calculating
the hash result for a data block is easy, but determining the original data
block from the hash result is mathematically infeasible.
D
A security feature that can be used to verify the ARP data packets in the
Dynamic ARP
network. With DAI, the administrator can intercept, record, and discard
Inspection
ARP packets with invalid MAC address/IP address to prevent common
(DAI)
ARP attacks.
Dynamic Host A technology used for assigning IP address dynamically. It can
Configuration automatically assign IP addresses for all clients in the network to reduce
Protocol workload of the administrator. In addition, it can realize centralized
(DHCP) management of IP addresses.
E
Complying with IEEE 802.3ah protocol, EFM is a link-level Ethernet
Ethernet in the OAM technology. It provides the link connectivity detection, link fault
First Mile monitoring, and remote fault notification, etc. for a link between two
(EFM) directly-connected devices. EFM is mainly used for the Ethernet link on
edges of the network accessed by users.
It is an APS protocol based on ITU-T G.8032 standard, which is a link-
Ethernet Ring layer protocol specially used for the Ethernet ring. In normal conditions,
Protection it can avoid broadcast storm caused by the data loop on the Ethernet
Switching ring. When the link or device on the Ethernet ring fails, services can be
(ERPS) quickly switched to the backup line to enable services to be recovered in
time.
F
In a communication link, both parties can receive and send data
Full duplex
concurrently.
H
Half duplex In a communication link, both parties can receive or send data at a time.
I
Institute of
A professional society serving electrical engineers through its
Electrical and
publications, conferences, and standards development activities. The
Electronics
body responsible for the Ethernet 802.3 and wireless LAN 802.11
Engineers
specifications.
(IEEE)
Internet The organization operated under the IAB. IANA delegates authority for
Assigned IP address-space allocation and domain-name assignment to the NIC and
Numbers other organizations. IANA also maintains a database of assigned
Authority protocol identifiers used in the TCP/IP suite, including autonomous
(IANA) system numbers.
A worldwide organization of individuals interested in networking and
the Internet. Managed by the Internet Engineering Steering Group
Internet (IESG), the IETF is charged with studying technical problems facing the
Engineering Internet and proposing solutions to the Internet Architecture Board
Task Force (IAB). The work of the IETF is carried out by various working groups
(IETF) that concentrate on specific topics, such as routing and security. The
IETF is the publisher of the specifications that led to the TCP/IP
protocol standard.
L
Label Symbols for cable, chassis, and warnings
With link aggregation, multiple physical Ethernet interfaces are
combined to form a logical aggregation group. Multiple physical links in
one aggregation group are taken as a logical link. Link aggregation helps
Link
share traffic among member interfaces in an aggregation group. In
Aggregation
addition to effectively improving the reliability on links between
devices, link aggregation can help gain greater bandwidth without
upgrading hardware.
Link
Aggregation A protocol used for realizing link dynamic aggregation. The LACPDU is
Control used to exchange information with the peer device.
Protocol
(LACP)
Link-state tracking provides an interface linkage scheme, extending the
range of link backup. Through monitoring upstream links and
Link-state synchronizing downstream links, faults of the upstream device can be
tracking transferred quickly to the downstream device, and primary/backup
switching is triggered. In this way, it avoids traffic loss because the
downstream device does not sense faults of the upstream link.
M
Multi-mode
In this fiber, multi-mode optical signals are transmitted.
fiber
N
A time synchronization protocol defined by RFC1305. It is used to
synchronize time between distributed time server and clients. NTP is
Network Time
used to perform clock synchronization on all devices that have clocks in
Protocol
the network. Therefore, the devices can provide different applications
(NTP)
based on a unified time. In addition, NTP can ensure a very high
accuracy with an error of 10ms or so.
O
Open Shortest
An internal gateway dynamic routing protocol, which is used to decide
Path First
the route in an Autonomous System (AS)
(OSPF)
A distribution connection device between the fiber and a communication
Optical
device. It is an important part of the optical transmission system. It is
Distribution
mainly used for fiber splicing, optical connector installation, fiber
Frame (ODF)
adjustment, additional pigtail storage, and fiber protection.
P
Password PAP is an authentication protocol that uses a password in Point-to-Point
Authentication Protocol (PPP). It is a twice handshake protocol and transmits
Protocol unencrypted user names and passwords over the network. Therefore, it is
(PAP) considered unsecure.
Point-to-point
PPPoE is a network protocol for encapsulating PPP frames in Ethernet
Protocol over
frames. With PPPoE, the remote access device can control and account
Ethernet
each access user.
(PPPoE)
PVLAN adopts Layer 2 isolation technology. Only the upper VLAN is
Private VLAN visible globally. The lower VLANs are isolated from each other. If you
(PVLAN) partition each interface of the switch or IP DSLAM device into a lower
VLAN, all interfaces are isolated from each other.
Grounding The cable to connect the device to ground, usually a yellow/green
cable coaxial cable. Connecting the grounding cable properly is an important
Raisecom Proprietary and Confidential
63
Copyright © Raisecom Technology Co., Ltd.
Raisecom
Gazelle S1020i-GL (A) User Manual 6 Appendix
Q
802.1Q in 802.1Q (QinQ), also called Stacked VLAN or Double VLAN,
is extended from 802.1Q and defined by IEEE 802.1ad recommendation.
This VLAN feature allows the equipment to add a VLAN tag to a tagged
packet. The implementation of QinQ is to add a public VLAN tag to a
packet with a private VLAN tag, making the packet encapsulated with
QinQ two layers of VLAN tags. The packet is forwarded over the ISP's
backbone network based on the public VLAN tag and the private VLAN
tag is transmitted as the data part of the packet. In this way, the QinQ
feature enables the transmission of the private VLANs to the peer end
transparently. There are two QinQ types: basic QinQ and selective
QinQ.
A network security mechanism, used to solve problems of network delay
and congestion. When the network is overloaded or congested, QoS can
Quality of ensure that packets of important services are not delayed or discarded
Service (QoS) and the network runs high efficiently. Depending on the specific system
and service, it may relate to jitter, delay, packet loss ratio, bit error ratio,
and signal-to-noise ratio.
R
Rapid
Spanning Tree Evolution of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), which provides
Protocol improvements in the speed of convergence for bridged networks
(RSTP)
Remote RADIUS refers to a protocol used to authenticate and account users in
Authentication the network. RADIUS works in client/server mode. The RADIUS server
Dial In User is responsible for receiving users' connection requests, authenticating
Service users, and replying configurations required by all clients to provide
(RADIUS) services for users.
S
A network management protocol defined by Internet Engineering Task
Simple Force (IETF) used to manage devices in the Internet. SNMP can make
Network the network management system to remotely manage all network
Management devices that support SNMP, including monitoring network status,
Protocol modifying network device configurations, and receiving network event
(SNMP) alarms. At present, SNMP is the most widely-used network management
protocol in the TCP/IP network.
Simple
Network Time
SNTP is mainly used for synchronizing time of devices in the network.
Protocol
(SNTP)
fiber
Spanning Tree STP can be used to eliminate network loops and back up link data. It
Protocol blocks loops in logic to prevent broadcast storms. When the unblocked
(STP) link fails, the blocked link is re-activated to act as the backup link.
V
VLAN is a protocol proposed to solve broadcast and security issues for
Virtual Local
Ethernet. It divides devices in a LAN into different segments logically
Area Network
rather than physically, thus implementing multiple virtual work groups
(VLAN)
which are based on Layer 2 isolation and do not affect each other.
VLAN mapping is mainly used to replace the private VLAN Tag of the
Ethernet service packet with the ISP's VLAN Tag, making the packet
transmitted according to ISP's VLAN forwarding rules. When the packet
VLAN
is sent to the peer private network from the ISP network, the VLAN Tag
mapping
is restored to the original private VLAN Tag according to the same
VLAN forwarding rules. Thus, the packet is sent to the destination
correctly.
B
BC Boundary Clock
BDR Backup Designated Router
C
CAR Committed Access Rate
CAS Channel Associated Signaling
CBS Committed Burst Size
CE Customer Edge
CHAP Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol
CIDR Classless Inter-Domain Routing
CIR Committed Information Rate
CIST Common Internal Spanning Tree
CLI Command Line Interface
CoS Class of Service
CPU Central Processing Unit
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection
CST Common Spanning Tree
D
DAI Dynamic ARP Inspection
DBA Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation
DC Direct Current
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DiffServ Differentiated Service
DNS Domain Name System
DRR Deficit Round Robin
DS Differentiated Services
DSL Digital Subscriber Line
F
FCS Frame Check Sequence
FE Fast Ethernet
FIFO First Input First Output
FTP File Transfer Protocol
G
GARP Generic Attribute Registration Protocol
GE Gigabit Ethernet
GMRP GARP Multicast Registration Protocol
GVRP Generic VLAN Registration Protocol
H
HDLC High-level Data Link Control
HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
I
IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol
IE Internet Explorer
IEC International Electro technical Commission
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IETF Internet Engineering Task Force
IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol
IP Internet Protocol
IS-IS Intermediate System to Intermediate System Routing Protocol
ISP Internet Service Provider
ITU-T International Telecommunications Union - Telecommunication
Standardization Sector
L
LACP Link Aggregation Control Protocol
LACPDU Link Aggregation Control Protocol Data Unit
LAN Local Area Network
LCAS Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme
LLDP Link Layer Discovery Protocol
LLDPDU Link Layer Discovery Protocol Data Unit
M
MAC Medium Access Control
MDI Medium Dependent Interface
MDI-X Medium Dependent Interface cross-over
MIB Management Information Base
MSTI Multiple Spanning Tree Instance
MSTP Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol
MTBF Mean Time Between Failure
MTU Maximum Transmission Unit
MVR Multicast VLAN Registration
N
NMS Network Management System
NNM Network Node Management
NTP Network Time Protocol
NView NNM NView Network Node Management
O
OAM Operation, Administration, and Management
OC Ordinary Clock
ODF Optical Distribution Frame
OID Object Identifiers
Option 82 DHCP Relay Agent Information Option
OSPF Open Shortest Path First
P
P2MP Point to Multipoint
P2P Point-to-Point
PADI PPPoE Active Discovery Initiation
PADO PPPoE Active Discovery Offer
PADS PPPoE Active Discovery Session-confirmation
PAP Password Authentication Protocol
PDU Protocol Data Unit
PE Provider Edge
PIM-DM Protocol Independent Multicast-Dense Mode
PIM-SM Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode
Ping Packet Internet Grope
PPP Point to Point Protocol
PPPoE PPP over Ethernet
PTP Precision Time Protocol
Q
QoS Quality of Service
R
RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial In User Service
RCMP Raisecom Cluster Management Protocol
RED Random Early Detection
RH Relative Humidity
RIP Routing Information Protocol
RMON Remote Network Monitoring
RNDP Raisecom Neighbor Discover Protocol
S
SCADA Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition
SF Signal Fail
SFP Small Form-factor Pluggable
SFTP Secure File Transfer Protocol
SLA Service Level Agreement
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SNTP Simple Network Time Protocol
SP Strict-Priority
SPF Shortest Path First
SSH Secure Shell
STP Spanning Tree Protocol
T
TACACS+ Terminal Access Controller Access Control System
TC Transparent Clock
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol
TLV Type Length Value
ToS Type of Service
TPID Tag Protocol Identifier
TTL Time To Live
U
UDP User Datagram Protocol
USM User-Based Security Model
V
VLAN Virtual Local Area Network
VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol
W
WAN Wide Area Network
WRR Weight Round Robin