INFORMATION

SYSTEMS
ANALYSIS &
DESIGN
 SYSTEMS
DEVELOPMENT
METHODOLOGIES
GROUP 2 SPEAKERS

BANDULA, CHARENA
CHAVEZ, MICHAEL ANGELO
CONING, MARY JANE
MENDOZA, DANICA ANNE
PEREZ, WINJEN ARL
TIENZO, PAMELA BIANCA
LEARNING OBJECTIVES

Describe each systems

development methodologies.
Analyze the advantage and
disadvantage of each
methodology.
Explain the criteria of selecting
the methodology for systems
development project.
 A methodology is a formalized
Methodology approach to implementing SDLC.
 Structured Structured design methodologies adopt a
formal step-by-step approach to SDLC
Design that moves logically from one phase to
Methodologies the next .
Structured Design Methodologies

WATERFALL DEVELOPMENT

Original structured design

Moves forward from one phase in the
same manner as the waterfall
Requirements are typically very long
Waterfall Development

DISADVANTAGE
S
ADVANTAGES
Identifies system The design must be completely
specified before programming
requirements long before
begins
programming begins
A long time elapses between
Minimizes changes to the
the completion of the system
requirements as the proposal in the analysis phase
project proceeds and the delivery of the system
Structured Design Methodologies

PARALLEL DEVELOPMENT

Performs a general design for the

whole system and then divides the
project into a series of distinct
subprojects that can be designed and
implemented in parallel.
 Parallel Development

DISADVANTAGE
S
ADVANTAGES
Reduce the time to The end of the project
can require significant
deliver a system
integration efforts
 The Rapid Application Development (or
Rapid RAD) model is based on prototyping and
Application iterative model with no (or less) specific
planning. In general, RAD approach to
Development software development means putting
lesser emphasis on planning tasks and
more emphasis on development and coming
up with a prototype. .
RAPID APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT
METHODOLOGIES

PHASED DEVELOPMENT

One in which functionalities of the system

are introduced in a particular sequence,
replacing old systems and methodologies
gradually.
 Phased Development

DISADVANTAGE
S
ADVANTAGES
Problems with success and
Very simple and easy to acceptance of the system can occur
implement. if the essential features are not
Users Can Identify Additional identified for the first version.
Needs For Later Versions Must manage user expectations in
A phased approach makes budgets terms of having to wait for
easier to cope with features that will be implemented in
subsequent versions.
Rapid Application Development
Methodologies

PROTOTYPING DEVELOPMENT

The prototyping model is a systems

development method in which a prototype is
built, tested and then reworked as necessary
until an acceptable outcome is achieved from
which the complete system or product can be
developed.
Prototyping Development

DISADVANTAGE
ADVANTAGES
Early discovery of design
problems. Its fast-paced system releases
Identify improvements challenge attempts to conduct
Helps to more quickly refine real careful, methodical analysis.
requirements.
Reduced time and costs
Rapid Application Development
Methodologies

THROWAWAY PROTOTYPING

Throwaway prototyping is a part of the

development of a prototype. When the prototype
developers are concerned with a respective aspect
of the prototype, they make throwaway prototypes
to test it and get feedback from it. The end-users
take the prototype, evaluate it, and provide
feedback for the continuation, and addition within
the developmental cycle.
Throwaway Prototyping

DISADVANTAGE
ADVANTAGE

Produces more stable and Take longer to deliver the final

reliable systems system as compared to
prototyping-based methodologies.
 Agile Development focus on streaming
Agile the system-development process by
Development eliminating much of the modeling and
documentation overhead and the time
spent on those tasks.
Agile development

EXTREME PROGRAMMING (XP)

Founded on four core values: communication,

simplicity, feedback, and courage.
Three of the key principles that XP uses to
create successful systems are continous
testing, simple coding performed by pairs of
developers, and close interactions with end
users to build systems very quickly.
Agile development

EXTREME PROGRAMMING (XP)

Recommended only for small groups of

developers -no more than ten
developers -and it is not advised for
large mission-critical applications.
Needs a lot of on-site user input
 Extreme Programming

ADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES Error avoidance through
Close contact with the pair programming
customer No overtime , teams work
No unnecessary at their own pace
programming work Changes can be made at
Stable software through short notice
continous testing Code is clear and
comprehensible at all times
 Extreme Programming

DISADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Relatively high costs
Additional work
Requires version
Customer must participate
management
in the process
Requires self-discipline to
Relatively large time practice
investment
agile method

SCRUM

Scrum means to restart a

game
Most chaotic
Teams are self-organized and
self-directed (no team leader)
agile method

SCRUM

Once a sprint has begun ,

Scrum teams do not consider
any additional requirements .
Any new requirements that are
uncovered are placed on a back
-log of requirements that still
need to be addressed
 Scrum

ADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES
Scrum can help teams Developments are coded and
complete project deliverables tested during the sprint
quickly and efficiently review
Scrum ensures effective use Works well for fast-moving
of time and money development projects
Large projects are divided
into easily manageable
sprints
 Scrum
ADVANTAGES
The team gets clear visibility
through scrum meetings
Scrum, being agile, adopts
feedback from customers
and stakeholders
ADVANTAGES
Short sprints enable changes
based on feedback a lot
more easily
The individual effort of
each team member is visible
during daily scrum meetings
 Scrum

DISADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Adopting the Scrum
Scrum often leads to scope
framework in large teams is
creep, due to the lack of a
challenging
definite end-date
The framework can be
The chances of project successful only with
failure are high if experienced team members
individuals aren't very
committed or cooperative
 Scrum

DISADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Adopting the Scrum
Scrum often leads to scope
framework in large teams is
creep, due to the lack of a
challenging
definite end-date
The framework can be
The chances of project successful only with
failure are high if experienced team members
individuals aren't very
committed or cooperative
DEVELOPMENT
OPERATIONS
DevOps
DevOps is the combination of cultural philosophies,
practices, and tools that increases an organization’s
ability to deliver applications and services at high velocity:
evolving and improving products at a faster pace than
organizations using traditional software development and
infrastructure management processes. This speed
enables organizations to better serve their customers and
compete more effectively in the market.
DevOps Example
ADVANTAGES

DevOps
DevOps proponents describe several business and technical benefits,
many of which can result in happier customers. Some benefits of
DevOps include:

Better communication and collaboration between teams

Improve the agility and speed of development teams
Improves better-quality control and threat exposure
Enables early detection of software flaws
Provides better and quick response to changing client
requirements
DISADVANTAGES

DevOps

Less availability of DevOps professionals.

Infrastructure cost is high for setting by DevOps
environment.
Lack of DevOps knowledge can lead to problems in
the continuous integration of automation projects.
DEVELOPMENT
SECURITY
OPERATIONS
DevSecOps
DevSecOps is a trending practice in application security (AppSec) that
involves introducing security earlier in the software development life
cycle (SDLC). It also expands the collaboration between development
and operations teams to integrate security teams in the software
delivery cycle. DevSecOps requires a change in culture, process, and
tools across these core functional teams and makes security a shared
responsibility. Everyone involved in the SDLC has a role to play in
building security into the DevOps continuous integration and
continuous delivery (CI/CD) workflow.
ADVANTAGES
It can make sure that an application will be pretty stable and less vulnerable to malicious
attacks. The two most essential benefits of this concept are security and speed. In
addition, there are numerous features for DevSecOps services that are beneficial to
businesses of all sizes.
Better communication and collaboration between teams
Improve the agility and speed of development teams
Improves better-quality control and threat exposure
Enables early detection of software flaws
Provides better and quick response to changing client requirements
DISADVANTAGES
DevSecOps can’t solve all issues related to business. Every organization must
evaluate its requirements and needs. The below mentioned are some of the
disadvantages of DevSecOps:
Dev Speed suggests more missed sensitive data
Difficult to specify design vulnerabilities
No early phases documentation
Lack of open communication will not work
Management’s top priority may not be possible
DATA-ORIENTED
SYSTEM
DEVELOPMENT
Data-Oriented System Programming
Data-oriented programming (DOP) is a programming paradigm aimed at simplifying
the design and implementation of software systems, where information is at the
center in systems such as frontend or backend web applications and web services,
for example. Instead of designing information systems around software constructs
that combine code and data (e.g., objects instantiated from classes), DOP
encourages the separation of code from data. Moreover, DOP provides guidelines
about how to represent and manipulate data.
In DOP, data is treated as a first-class
citizen.
The essence of DOP is that it treats data as a first-class citizen. It gives
developers the ability to manipulate data inside a program with the same
simplicity as they manipulate numbers or strings. Treating data as a first-
class citizen is made possible by adhering to four core principles:

Principle #1: Separating code (behavior) from data.

Principle #2: Representing data with generic data structures.
Principle #3: Treating data as immutable.
Principle #4: Separating data schema from data representation.
OBJECT An approach to systems development
ORIENTED that proposes the use of system
objects to build new systems and
SYSTEM rebuild old ones. (Weinberg et al.)
DEVELOPMENT
Object Oriented System
Development
ADVANTAGES
Easier modeling process
Improved modularity
Improved maintainability
Improved quality of
systems
More understandable A&D
models
Greater Stability of design
over time
More flexible/adaptable
development
An easier transition
between phases
More effective code reuse
Improved communication
with developers
Improved productivity of
your work
Object Oriented System
Development
DISADVANTAGES
Decreased system run-time
performance
Unavailability of adequate
OO DBMS's
Increased initial
development time
Unavailability of OO
CASE Tools
Confusion of too many
OOA/D methods
Inability to try OOSD before
committing
Complexity of OOA/D
methods
Complexity of OOP languages
Incompatibility of OOSD with
processes
 Component-based development is
oriented on creating reusable software
COMPONENT components thus it can be used in the
BASED context of different software
DEVELOPMENT development lifecycles and architectural
styles. (Osis and Donins, 2017)
 Component Based
Development

DISADVANTAGES
ADVANTAGES

Increase in Reusability Choice of Components

Reduction of Updating & Maintenance
Development Time Ambiguous Requirements
Cost Reduction Fixing Problems
Improvement of Quality
 Web based application development is
WEB BASED the creation of application programs
APPLICATION that reside on remote servers and are
DEVELOPMENT delivered to the user’s device over the
Internet.
WEB BASED APPLICATION
DEVELOPMENT

ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
1. Cost 1. Performance
2. Updates 2. Security
3. Customization 3. Availability
4. Download Requirement 4. Web Issues
5. Platform Support 5. Internet Dependence
 ADVANTAGES

1. Cost 2. Updates 3. Customization

Developing a Unlike other Many developers
web app is way types of apps, find it easy to
cheaper a web app customize web
compared to doesn't need to apps.
other types of be updated
app often.
developments.
 ADVANTAGES

4. Download 5. Platform
Requirement Support
In order for On default web
running a web apps are
application, you designed to
don't need to support any
download them operating
separately. system.
 DISADVANTAGES

3. Availability
2. Security Web apps are
1. Performance
Web apps lacks rare to find since
A web app is
the feature of they are not
directly linked to
quality control available in any
a web browser.
system. App Store or Play
Store.
 DISADVANTAGES

4. Web Issues 5. Internet

The web Dependence
application is An internet
entirely connection is
dependent on compulsory when
the website. running a web
application.
 Reverse-engineering also known as
back engineering is the act of
dismantling an object to see how it
REVERSE
works. It is done primarily to
ENGINEERING analyze and gain knowledge about
the way something works but often
is used to duplicate or enhance the
object.
REVERSE ENGINEERING
 advantages

1.
It can be used for maintenance and
improvement or development of a new
software by understanding the underlying
source code or relevant information
which can help out to fix bugs and
vulnerabilities.
2.
It can be used in military applications to
learn about enemy’s latest research by
stealing or capturing a prototype and by
application of reverse engineering one can
make similar or even better to
countermeasure against it.

3.
It can also be used to save money by
finding out the individual capabilities
of a electronic part and by
manufacturing its spare can help
saving money instead of purchasing a
separate product.
 DISadvantage

It’s a threat to product security, by understanding

how a product works by determining the
specifications of its components and estimate costs
and by identifying the ways of potential patent
infringement and by modifying a bit, one may intent
to remove copy protection or steal technology or
can create a possibly-improved copy or even a
knockoff, which is usually the goal of a competitor.
CRITERIA FOR
SELECTING A
METHODOLOGY
CRITERIA FOR SELECTING A
METHODOLOGY
Thank You!
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JUMBLED WORDS
Mechanics of the Game
1. Study the scrambled letters
2. Try to unscramble or rearrange the
letters to form a word.
3. Once you form a word, raise your hand
and wait for the speaker to acknowledge
you.
4. The person who guesses the right
answer, CONGRATULATIONS!
01 DOTHEYMLOGO

Free Presentation
a formalized approach to
Template
implementing SDLC
01 METHODOLOGY

Free Presentation
a formalized approach to
Template
implementing SDLC
 ESDTRRUTCU SIDNEG
EGISOLDOEMHT

Free
adopt Presentation
a formal step-by-step approach

Template
to SDLC that moves logically from one
phase to the next.
 STRUCTURED DESIGN
METHODOLOGIES

Free
adopt Presentation
a formal step-by-step approach

Template
to SDLC that moves logically from one
phase to the next.
 APIRD COINATPLAPI LOMPEEVDNET

Free Presentation
use special techniques and
Template
computer tools to speed
analysis , design, and
up the

implementation phases
 RAPID APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

Free Presentation
use special techniques and
Template
computer tools to speed
analysis , design, and
up the

implementation phases
 IGELA LEVETMONDEP

Free Presentation
focus on streamlining the system-
development process by eliminating
Template
much of the modeling and documentation
overhead and the time spent on those
tasks
 AGILE DEVELOPMENT

Free Presentation
focus on streamlining the system-
development process by eliminating
Template
much of the modeling and documentation
overhead and the time spent on those
tasks
 POVSED

Free Presentation
is the combination of cultural
philosophies, practices, and tools that
Template
increases an organization’s ability to
deliver applications and services at
high velocity
 DEVOPS

Free Presentation
is the combination of cultural
philosophies, practices, and tools that
Template
increases an organization’s ability to
deliver applications and services at
high velocity
 COVESPESD

Free Presentation
is a trending practice in application
Template
security (AppSec) that involves
introducing security earlier in the
software development life cycle (SDLC)
 DEVSECOPS

Free Presentation
is a trending practice in application
Template
security (AppSec) that involves
introducing security earlier in the
software development life cycle (SDLC)
 ADTA TODNEENEIR
MIGMANRGROP

Free Presentation
is a programming paradigm aimed at
simplifying the design and implementation of
Template
software systems, where information is at
the center in systems such as frontend or
backend web applications and web services,
for example.
 DATA ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

Free Presentation
is a programming paradigm aimed at
simplifying the design and implementation of
Template
software systems, where information is at
the center in systems such as frontend or
backend web applications and web services,
for example.
 CETJOB TIENDEOR TYSMES
01 TENMOPVELED

Free Presentation
an approach to systems development
Template
that proposes the use of system
objects to build new systems and
rebuild old ones. (Weinberg et al.)
 OBJECT ORIENTED SYSTEM
01 DEVELOPMENT

Free Presentation
an approach to systems development
Template
that proposes the use of system
objects to build new systems and
rebuild old ones. (Weinberg et al.)
 NETONPOMC DABES
PELVOTEMNED

Free Presentation
is oriented on creating reusable software
components thus it can be used in the
Template
context of different software
development lifecycles and architectural
styles. (Osis and Donins, 2017)
 COMPONENT BASED
DEVELOPMENT

Free Presentation
is oriented on creating reusable software
components thus it can be used in the
Template
context of different software
development lifecycles and architectural
styles. (Osis and Donins, 2017)
 EWB SABED PLAPICONTAIN
01 DEVELOPMEN TENVOMLEPD

Free
is the Presentation
creation of application
programs that reside on remote
Template
servers and are delivered to the
user’s device over the Internet.
 WEB BASED APPLICATION
01 DEVELOPMENT

Free
is the Presentation
creation of application
programs that reside on remote
Template
servers and are delivered to the
user’s device over the Internet.
 EVERESR GENIRENENIG

Free Presentation
sometimes called back engineering, is the act
of dismantling an object to see how it works. It
Template
is done primarily to analyze and gain
knowledge about the way something works but
often is used to duplicate or enhance the
object.
 REVERSE ENGINEERING

Free Presentation
sometimes called back engineering, is the act
of dismantling an object to see how it works. It
Template
is done primarily to analyze and gain
knowledge about the way something works but
often is used to duplicate or enhance the
object.
THTAN
HAK
NKYO
YUO!U!!