KOIRAJPUR, VARANASI

Session: 2023 – 24

Chemistry project
Submitted to: SUBMITTED BY:
Mr. DINESH SINGH SIR JAHNAVI KUSHWAHA

CLASS: XII synchro bio

 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Jahnavi Kushwaha of class
– 12th synchro bio of Sant Atulanand Convent
School Koirajpur Varanasi has prepared this
project on “Analysis of toothpaste for cation and
anion” in accordance with guidelines followed by
CBSE and has worked as per the instruction and
certifies that this project is unique and not
copied.

………………………. …………………………

Examiner signature Teacher signature

…………………………

Principal signature
 Acknowledgement

I express my deep sense of gratitude of my guide

“Mr. Dinesh Singh” sir. His valuable guidance
and inspiration has helped in every aspect of the
project.
I am thankful for his constant evaluation of this
project and subsequent in this regard.
Last but not the least, I extend my sincere thanks
to my parents, school and friends who played an
important role in proper tuning of this project.
 Content
➢ Introduction
➢ Ingredients
• Abrasives
• Fluorides
• Surfactant
• Flavorants
• Remineralisers
• Xylitol
➢ Analysis of toothpaste
• Dabur Babool
• Colgate
• Close up
➢ Conclusion
 Ingredients

➢ Abrasives: Abrasives constitute at least 50% of typical

toothpaste. These insoluble particles help remove plaque from
the teeth. The removal of plaque prevents cavities and
periodontal disease. Representative abrasives include particle
of calcium carbonate (CaCO3), various calcium hydrogen
phosphates, various silica and zeolites. Abrasives like the
dental polishing agents used in dentists’ clinic, also cause a
small amount of enamel erosion which is termed “polishing”
action.

➢ FLUORIDES: Fluoride in various forms is the most popular

active ingredient in toothpaste to prevent cavities. Fluoride
occurs in small amount in plants, animals and some natural
water sources. The additional fluoride in toothpaste has
beneficial effects on the formation of dental enamel and bones.
Sodium fluoride (NaF) is the most common source of fluoride
but stannous fluoride (SnF2) and sodium monofluorophosphate
(Na2PO3F) are also used.

➢ Surfactants: Surfactants typically used in toothpaste

are sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), cocamidopropyl betaine (tego
betain) and sodium methyl cocoyl taurate (adinol). SLS is found
in many other personal care products which improve its
cleaning power.

➢ Flavourants: Toothpaste comes in variety of flavours

and colours intended to encourage use of products. The three
 most common flavourants are spearmint, peppermint and
wintergreen.

➢ Remineralizers: Hydroxypaste nanocrystal and a

variety of calcium phosphates are included in formulations for
remineralization i.e. the formation of enamel.

➢ XYLITOL: Xylitol has powerful benefits for dental health and

prevention of tooth decay. It is naturally occurring sweetener
that can reduce the number of cavity causing bacteria in your
mouth.
 Analysis
1. Toothpaste taken: Dabur Babool

Colour of the toothpaste: White

TEST FOR CATION

S.no. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1. To the aqueous solution of No gas evolved Zero group absent

toothpaste, NaOH is added

2. To the aqueous solution of No observation 1st group absent

toothpaste, HCL is added

3. H2S gas is passes in this No observation 2nd group absent

solution
4. To the original solution of No observation 3rd group absent
toothpaste, conc. HNO3, NH4Cl
and NaOH IS added
5. H2S gas is passed in the above No observation 4th group absent
solution
6. To the original solution of White ppt is obtained 5th group present
toothpaste, NH4OH and
(NH3)2CO3
7. The ppt is filtered and is White ppt is obtained Ca2+ ion is
dissolved in dil. CH3COOH and confirmed
(NH3)2C2O4 is added

TEST FOR ANION

S.no. EXPERIMENT
1. To the original solution of
toothpaste dil. H2SO4 is added
2. The gas is collected and
passed through lime water
OBSERVATION INFERENCE
A colourless odourless CO3 2- may be
gas with effervescence
is evolved
Lime water turns milky CO3 2- Confirmed
 2. Toothpaste taken: Colgate

Colour of the toothpaste: White

TEST FOR CATION

S.no. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1. To the aqueous solution of No gas evolved Zero group absent

toothpaste, NaOH is added

2. To the aqueous solution of No observation 1st group absent

toothpaste, HCL is added

3. H2S gas is passes in this No observation 2nd group absent

solution
4. To the original solution of No observation 3rd group absent
toothpaste, conc. HNO3, NH4Cl
and NaOH IS added
5. H2S gas is passed in the above No observation 4th group absent
solution
6. To the original solution of White ppt is obtained 5th group present
toothpaste, NH4OH and
(NH3)2CO3
7. The ppt is filtered and is White ppt is obtained Ca2+ ion is
dissolved in dil. CH3COOH and confirmed
(NH3)2C2O4 is added

TEST FOR ANION

S.no. EXPERIMENT
1. To the original solution of
toothpaste dil. H2SO4 is added
2. The gas is collected and
passed through lime water
OBSERVATION INFERENCE
A colourless odourless CO3 2- may be
gas with effervescence
is evolved
Lime water turns milky CO3 2- Confirmed
 3. Toothpaste taken: Close Up

Colour of the toothpaste: Red

TEST FOR CATION

S.no. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

1. To the aqueous solution of No gas evolved Zero group absent

toothpaste, NaOH is added

2. To the aqueous solution of No observation 1st group absent

toothpaste, HCL is added

3. H2S gas is passes in this No observation 2nd group absent

solution
4. To the original solution of No observation 3rd group absent
toothpaste, conc. HNO3, NH4Cl
and NaOH IS added
5. H2S gas is passed in the above No observation 4th group absent
solution
6. Dissolve the ppt in HCl by White ppt is obtained 5th group present
boiling. Divide it into two parts.

To the first part add NaOH White ppt is obtained Zn2+ may be
solution to it.
To the second part NH4OH and White ppt is obtained Zn2+ may be
K4[Fe(CN)6] is added

TEST FOR ANION

S.no. EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1. To the toothpaste dil.H2SO4 is No observation Dil. H2SO4 group
added absent
2. To the toothpaste conc. H2SO4 No observation Conc. H2SO4 group
is added absent
3. To the soda extract of salt White ppt is obtained SO4 2- ion
added CH3COOH to acidify it confirmed
and BaCl2 is added
 Conclusion

▪ Dabur babool:
Cation present: Ca2+
Anion present: CO3 2-

▪ COLGATE:
Cation present: Ca2+
Anion present: CO3 2-

▪ CLOSE UP:
Cation present: Zn2+
Anion present: SO4 2-
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
For successfully completing my project I have taken
help from the following sources:
▪ Practical file
▪ Google
▪ Pradeep’s book