LIPIDS

1. The following are essential amino acids:

a) Linoleic acid and Palmitic acid
b) Palmitic acid and Archidonic acid
c) Linolenic acid and Linoleic acid
d) Stearic acid and Linolenic acid
e) Linoleic acid and Arachidonic acid

2. Arachidonic Acid:
a) Is a branched fatty acid
b) Contains 3 double bonds
c) Is a precursor for eicosanoids
d) Contains 5 double bonds
e) Is a 20-carbon saturated fatty acid

3. A membrane phospholipids that contains glycerol is:

a) Phosphatidyl Choline
b) Sphingomyelin
c) Cerebroside
d) Ganglioside
e) Ceramide

4. Lipids are important in the human body because they act as:
a) Enzymes
b) Immune molecules
c) Lubricants
d) Stored genetic information
e) Energy source

5. The following compound is a simple lipid

a) Methionine
b) Lecithin
c) Cholesterol
d) Triacylglycerol
e) Amylopectin

6. Fatty acids:
a) Are always dicarboxylic
b) Are only composed of an even number of C atoms
c) Are obtained from the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol
d) Contains glycerol
e) Are the only components of cell membrane lipids
7. The following are saturated fatty acids:
a) Linoleic acid and archidic acid
b) Palmitic acid and stearic acid
c) Linolenic acid and myristic acid
d) Stearic acid and linolenic acid
e) Oleic acid and lauric acid

8. Arachidonic acid is:

a) The same as arachidic acid
b) Essential fatty acid
c) The precursor of prostaglandins
d) Not found in membrane lipids
e) Is a 22-carbon compound

9. Membrane phospholipids which contain glycerol include:

a) Lecithin and cardiolipin
b) Sphingomyelin and lecithin
c) Cerebroside and Phosphatidyl serine
d) Cardiolipin and gangliosides
e) Ceramide and phosphatidyl inosital

10. Lipids are important in the human body because they act as:
a) Enzymes and hormones
b) Hormones and energy source
c) Coenzyme and enzymes
d) Stored genetic information
e) Energy source and lubricants

11. The following are derived lipids:

a) Vitamin D and methionine
b) Lecithin and cholesterol
c) Cholesterol and palmitic acid
d) Dolicol and coenzyme Q
e) Amylopectin and prostaglandins

12. Structural lipids include:

a) Gangliosides and aminoglycosides
b) Cerebrosides and cholesterol
c) Phenylaline and phosphatidylserine
d) Phosphatidylserine and glucosamine
e) Glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans

13. Lipids are stored in mammalian tissues:

a) Starch
b) Triacylglycerol
c) Cholesterol
d) Estrogen
e) Fatty acids
14. In mammals, cholesterol is:
a) A normal membrane constituent
b) Converted to cholic acid by intestinal bacteria
c) Important source of energy
d) Parent molecule for sphingolipids
e) Synthesized in the liver mitochondria

15. In digestion and absorption of lipids:

a) Bile pigments are important biological detergents
b) Hormone-sensitive lipase is secreted by the pancreas
c) Non-specific lipid esterase is the main digestive enzyme
d) Bile salts are important enhancers
e) TAG enters enterocytes directly

16. Unlike prostaglandins, thromboxanes:

a) Are derived from arachidonic acid
b) Are synthesized cyclooxygenase pathway
c) Are released by platelets
d) Act as local hormones
e) Have 20 carbons

17. Complex lipids include:

a) Gangliosides and peptidoglucans
b) Cerebrosides and cellulose
c) Phenylalanine and phosphatidylcholine
d) Phosphatidylserine and cholesterol
e) Glycosaminoglycans and chitin

18. Triacylglycerol and Glycogen:

a) Are storage form of energy in plants
b) Are polymers of glucose
c) Are storage form of energy in animals
d) Have the same energy yield on complete oxidation
e) Are mainly stored in the liver

19. A membrane phospholipids that does not contain glycerol is:

a) Lecithin
b) Sphingomyelin
c) Cerebroside
d) Cardiolipin
e) Ceramide

20. Unsaturated fatty acids:

a) Are obtained in the diet from animals
b) Are always in the cis configuration
c) Include linolenic acid and arachidonic acid
d) Give important derivatives
e) Are water soluble
21. Phosphatidylcholine:
a) Is also known as lecithin
b) Is a major constituent of lung surfactant
c) Occurs in cell membranes
d) Can be obtained from phosphatidyl ethanolamine
e) All of the above is correct

22. Cholesterol is:

a) Found in plants
b) Membrane lipid
c) Non-amphipathic lipid
d) Precursor of bilirubin
e) A source of energy

23. Cerebrosides:
a) Include glucosylceramide
b) Are derived lipids
c) Contain sialic acid
d) Are glycerophospholipids
e) Are membrane glycoproteins

24. The following is an important function of cholesterol:

a) Synthesis of acetylcholine
b) Synthesis of prostaglandins
c) Formation of bile salts
d) Formation of phosphatidylcholine
e) Increasing membrane rigidity

25. Sphingomyelins:
a) Consist of phosphoric acid, choline and ceramide
b) Consist of ceramide, sphingosine and choline
c) Are glycosphingolipids
d) Are part of the skin pigment melanin
e) Are equally distributed in all tissues

26. The following is true about eicosanoids:

a) Prostacyclines inhibit platelet aggregation
b) Thromboxanes cause platelet aggregation
c) Prostaglandins enhance smooth muscle contraction
d) Leukotrienes are allergic mediators
e) All of the above is correct

27. The following are amphipathic membrane lipids:

a) Triacylglycerol and cholesterylester
b) Cholesteryl esters and cerebrosides
c) Cholesterol and fatty acid
d) Glycerophospholipds and sphingomyelins
e) Galactosyl ceramide and glycerol
28. The following statement about simple lipids is true:
a) TAG's always contain similar fatty acids
b) Waxes are esters of fatty acids with high molecular weight polyhydric
alcohols
c) Glucosyl ceramide is the main simple lipid in extra-neural tissues
d) Some contain fatty acids with odd carbon number
e) Include only esters of fatty acids with glycerol

29. Complex lipids do not include:

a) Phosphatidyl inositol 4,5 biphosphate
b) Octadecanoic acid
c) Lecithin
d) Glycosphingolipids
e) Ganglioside

30. The following is a storage lipid:

a) Triacylglycerol
b) Cholesteryl esters
c) Cholesterol
d) Phospholipid
e) Galactosyl ceramide

31. In digestion and absorption of lipids:

a) Bile pigments are important biological detergents
b) Hormone-sensitive lipase is secreted by the pancreas
c) Non-specific lipid esterase is the main digestive enzyme
d) Bile salts are important enhancers
e) Phospholipase A2 releases a fatty acid from C2 of TAG