Ashtanga Yoga, as outlined by Patanjali in his "Yoga Sutras," refers to the eight-fold

path of yoga, which serves as a comprehensive guide for spiritual and personal
development. These eight limbs provide a structured and systematic approach to attain
inner peace, self-realization, and union with the divine. Here's an overview of Patanjali's
Eight Limbs of Yoga:
1. Yama (Ethical Restraints): The first limb consists of five ethical principles or
restraints:
- Ahimsa: Non-violence and compassion.
- Satya: Truthfulness and honesty.
- Asteya: Non-stealing and integrity.
- Brahmacharya: Moderation and control of desires.
- Aparigraha: Non-attachment and non-greed.
2. Niyama (Ethical Observances): The second limb focuses on personal disciplines and
observances. It consists of five principles:
- Saucha: Cleanliness, both physically and mentally.
- Santosha: Contentment and finding joy in the present moment.
- Tapas: Self-discipline and dedication to practice.
- Svadhyaya: Self-study and the study of sacred texts.
- Ishvara Pranidhana: Surrender to a higher power or the divine.
3. Asana (Physical Postures): Asanas are the physical postures practiced in yoga. They
are intended to promote physical health, strength, flexibility, and balance.
4. Pranayama (Breath Control): Pranayama involves controlling and regulating the
breath. It helps in managing energy, calming the mind, and preparing for meditation.
5. Pratyahara (Withdrawal of the Senses): Pratyahara is the process of turning the
senses inward, away from external distractions. It helps in cultivating inner awareness
and focus.
6. Dharana (Concentration): Dharana is the practice of focused concentration on a
single point, object, or thought. It trains the mind to become steady and one-pointed.
7. Dhyana (Meditation): Dhyana is the state of uninterrupted meditation or
contemplation. It's the continuous flow of concentrated awareness, leading to a profound
inner experience.

8. Samadhi (Union): Samadhi is the ultimate goal of yoga, often referred to as a state of
oneness or union with the Divine. In this state, the individual ego dissolves, and there is
a direct experience of unity with the universal consciousness.

Patanjali's Eight Limbs of Yoga provide a step-by-step path for individuals to achieve
self-realization and spiritual awakening. While the physical postures (asanas) are one
aspect of this path, the ethical principles, breath control, and meditation practices play
equally vital roles in the journey towards inner peace and union with the divine. These
eight limbs serve as a guide for living a balanced and meaningful life while nurturing
the spiritual dimension of one's existence.