Mikee Y.

Garzon
Crs/Yr/Section: 2BSABE-B
AnSci 01_Lab: Principles of Animal
Science
Date of Submission: November
13,2023,2023
Submitted to: MARY ANN B. RAMA,
MSc.

Qualitative and Qualitative Variables

Learning Activity No. 5: Phenotypic Characterization of Chicken

I. Introduction

henotypic characterization is
the process of identifying
distinct breed
populations and describing
their characteristics and
those of their production
environments. It has a
“primary” characterization
phase which involves a single
visit
to the field to gather
measurements of the
animals’ morphological
features,
interviews with raisers and
identification of some
aspects of the production
environment and an
“advanced” characterization
phase which requires
repeated
visits to measure productive
and adaptive capacities of
breeds in specified
production environments
(FAO, 2012).
henotypic characterization is
the process of identifying
distinct breed
populations and describing
their characteristics and
those of their production
environments. It has a
“primary” characterization
phase which involves a single
visit
to the field to gather
measurements of the
animals’ morphological
features,
interviews with raisers and
identification of some
aspects of the production
environment and an
“advanced” characterization
phase which requires
repeated
visits to measure productive
and adaptive capacities of
breeds in specified
production environments
(FAO, 2012).
henotypic characterization is
the process of identifying
distinct breed
populations and describing
their characteristics and
those of their production
environments. It has a
“primary” characterization
phase which involves a single
visit
to the field to gather
measurements of the
animals’ morphological
features,
interviews with raisers and
identification of some
aspects of the production
environment and an
“advanced” characterization
phase which requires
repeated
visits to measure productive
and adaptive capacities of
breeds in specified
production environments
(FAO, 2012).
Phenotypic characterization is the process of identifying distinct breed populations
and describing their characteristics and those of their production environments. It has a
“primary” characterization phase which involves a single visit to the field to gather
measurements of the animals’ morphological features, interviews with raisers and
identification of some aspects of the production environment and an “advanced”
characterization phase which requires repeated visit to measure productive and adaptive
capacities of breeds in specified
production environments (FAO, 2012).
Native chicken is well known for their adaptability, disease resistance, distinct taste
and quality of meat. Poultry farming using of native strains is being practiced in much in local
area in the country and plays the important role in poultry sector, more diverse use and
benefits to household level. Utilization of native chicken in tropics especially in the Southeast
Asia varies from region to region and from community to community within a region (Dessie
et al., 2012). In the archipelagic nature of the Philip-pines there are several strains of
Philippine native chicken has survived and evolved in different areas of the country.
The genetic groups are phenotypically unique from each other but not all these strains
are recognized nor identified (Lambio, 2000). Due to continuous interbreeding, and
crossbreeding of native chicken and mixing of different strains from different provinces
without selection, some pure breeds and indigenous breeds possess and exhibits wide variety
in terms of qualitative and quantitative traits (Avante, 1989). Several genetic groups of native
chicken documentted in the country are “Banaba’’, “Bolinao”, “Camarines”, “Paraoakan”, and
“Darag”, and “Boholanon” genetic groups re-present its Provinces or Region. None of these
recorded types are found in Mindanao, particularly in Davao Region.

II. Objective
1. To determine and document the specific plumage color and pattern of the
individual chicken, aiding in its identification and use a standardized color chart
to precisely categorize the color
2. To characterize the development and structure of the chicken's comb and
wattles, providing insights into its gender and potential breed and record the
measurements to determine the quantitative size of the comb.
3. To analyze the shape and size of the chicken's beak, potentially revealing
information about its foraging habits and adaptability and measure the beak
length using calipers to obtain a quantitative value.
4. To classify and describe the specific feather types present on the chicken,
including distinguishing features such as contour and down feathers.
5. To determine the presence or absence of feathers on the chicken's legs and
feet, which can offer insights into its adaptability to different environmental
conditions.
6. To weigh the chicken using a scale to determine its body weight.

III. 1. Identify the different external parts of the poultry and livestock species;
IV. 2. Explain the importance of external anatomy of farm animals relative to the study
of
V. animal science
VI. 1. Identify the different external parts of the poultry and livestock species;
VII. 2. Explain the importance of external anatomy of farm animals relative to the study
of
VIII. animal science
1. Identify the different external parts of the poultry and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of external anatomy of farm animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different external parts of the poultry and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of external anatomy of farm animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different external parts of the poultry and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of external anatomy of farm animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different external parts of the poultry and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of external anatomy of farm animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different external parts of the poultry and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of external anatomy of farm animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different external parts of the poultry and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of external anatomy of farm animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different external parts of the poultry and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of external anatomy of farm animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different external parts of the poultry and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of external anatomy of farm animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different external parts of the poultry and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of external anatomy of farm animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different external parts of the poultry and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of external anatomy of farm animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different external parts of the poultry and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of external anatomy of farm animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different external parts of the poultry and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of external anatomy of farm animals relative to the study of
animal scien
Laboratory Exercise No. 1
EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF FARM ANIMALS AND BODY
MEASUREMENTS OF FARM ANIMALS
I. Introduction
Anatomy is the science that deals with the structure of the organisms. On the other
hand, physiology is the study of the integrated functions of the body and the functions of
all of its parts. The animal body is subdivided into external and internal anatomy. The
former describes the outer structure of the body while the latter deals with the internal
organs and systems of the body. Knowledge in external anatomy of animals is valuable to
identify their physical characteristics and attributes for selection and to know the physical
conditions of the animals in diseases determination.
II. Objectives
At the end of the exercise, students are expected to:
1. Identify the different external parts of the poultry and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of external anatomy of farm animals relative to the study of
animal scienc
III. Methodology

a) Materials
 1. One (1) Matured Chicken
2. Tape Measure

b) Methods
1. Plumage Color Assessment (Qualitative):
A. Observe the chicken's plumage under natural lighting
conditions.
B. Use a standardized color chart to match and describe the
specific plumage color and pattern.
2. Comb Size Measurement (Quantitative):
A. Use calipers or a ruler to measure the length, width, and height
of the chicken's comb.
B. Record these measurements in millimeters.
3. Beak Shape and Length Assessment (Qualitative and
Quantitative):
A. Observe the shape and size of the chicken's beak and describe
its features.
B. Use calipers to measure the beak length, recording the
measurement in millimeters.
4. Feather Type Classification (Qualitative):
A. Gently handle and separate the chicken's feathers.
B. Categorize feathers into qualitative groups such as contour
feathers, down feathers, and semiplume feathers based on their
characteristics.
5. Body Weight Measurement (Quantitative):
A. Weigh the chicken using a scale designed for poultry.
B. Record the weight in grams or kilograms as a quantitative variable.

IX. 1. Identify the different

external parts of the poultry
and livestock species;
X.2. Explain the importance
of external anatomy of farm
 animals relative to the
study of
XI. animal science
XII. 1. Identify the different
external parts of the poultry
and livestock species;
XIII. 2. Explain the
importance of external
anatomy of farm animals
relative to the study of
XIV. animal science
1. Identify the different
external parts of the poultry
and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of
external anatomy of farm
animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different
external parts of the poultry
and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of
external anatomy of farm
animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different
external parts of the poultry
and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of
external anatomy of farm
animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different
external parts of the poultry
and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of
external anatomy of farm
animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different
external parts of the poultry
and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of
external anatomy of farm
animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different
external parts of the poultry
and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of
external anatomy of farm
animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different
external parts of the poultry
and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of
external anatomy of farm
animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different
external parts of the poultry
and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of
external anatomy of farm
animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different
external parts of the poultry
and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of
external anatomy of farm
animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different
external parts of the poultry
and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of
external anatomy of farm
animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different
external parts of the poultry
and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of
external anatomy of farm
animals relative to the study of
animal science
1. Identify the different
external parts of the poultry
and livestock species;
2. Explain the importance of
external anatomy of farm
animals relative to the study of
animal scienc
IV. Results and Discussion

The phenotypic characterization of qualitative and quantitative traits in chickens

represents a comprehensive exploration into the visible and measurable features of these
avian species. Qualitative traits encompass observable characteristics such as feather color,
comb type, and beak morphology, offering a glimpse into the aesthetic and functional aspects
of chicken physiology. On the other hand, quantitative traits involve measurable attributes
like body weight, egg production, and growth rates, providing numerical insights into
productivity and efficiency. The significance of such characterization is profound in the
broader context of poultry science and agriculture. Understanding qualitative traits aids in the
selection and breeding of chickens with specific aesthetic or functional attributes, catering to
consumer preferences and market demands. Meanwhile, the analysis of quantitative traits
informs breeding programs aimed at enhancing productivity and resource efficiency,
contributing to sustainable poultry farming. This holistic approach not only improves the
genetic quality of poultry but also aligns with global efforts to ensure food security, optimize
resource utilization, and meet the evolving demands of the agricultural industry. In essence,
the phenotypic characterization of both qualitative and quantitative traits in chickens is a
pivotal step towards creating resilient, efficient, and adaptable poultry breeds that play a vital
role in addressing the challenges of modern agriculture.

1. Phenotypic Characteristics:

 Feather Morphology: Normal

 Feather Distribution: Normal
 Plumage Pattern: Barred
 Plumage Color: White and Brown
 Skin Color: White
 Shank Color: Black
 Earlobe Color: White and Red
 Comb Type: Buttercup
 Eye Color: Orange
 Skeletal Variants: Normal

2. Quantitative Data:

 Body Weight: 1.5 kg

 Body Length: 38 cm
 Chest Circumference: 32 cm
 Shank Length: 8 cm
 Wing Span Length: 42 cm

V. Overall Learning

Venturing into the world of chickens and unraveling the tales behind their feathers, beaks,
and personalities has been like discovering the unique identities within a feathery community.
From the vibrant hues of their feathers to the way their beaks are shaped, each trait tells a
story. It's not just about appearances; it's about understanding the deeper aspects that make
each chicken special. On the practical side, getting into the nitty-gritty of weight, egg
production, and growth rates is akin to deciphering the language of their efficiency and
productivity. Picture it like understanding how some chickens are natural sprinters while
others are marathon layers. This newfound knowledge isn't just fascinating; it's like holding
the key to crafting the perfect chicken superhero. By tailoring their traits, we're not only
meeting the desires of those who appreciate their beauty but also ensuring these feathered
friends contribute to a sustainable and balanced agricultural future. It's a bit like painting a
portrait of chickens that not only fit into the preferences of our tables but also dance in
harmony with the environment, making our journey in agriculture a more humane and
thoughtful one.

VI. Photo Documentation