PAKISTAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL JEDDAH

(English Section)

PHYSICS Y10
(Session 2023-24)

P4-Revision Pack
Mid-Term Topics
1 Motion, forces and energy
2 Thermal physics
3 Waves
4 Electricity

Student’s Name: ………………………………………………………….

Student’s ID: …………………… Class/Section: Y10- ….

PISJ(ES) PHYSICS DEPARTMENT TOTAL NO. OF PAGES: 45

 2
Motion, forces and energy
1 A student wishes to find the volume of a piece of wood of irregular shape. Her experiment requires
the use of a small brass object of mass 200 g.

(a) Calculate the volume of the brass object. The density of brass is 8.4 g / cm3.

volume = ...........................................................[2]

(b) To find the volume of the piece of wood, the student has a measuring cylinder, a supply of
water and the brass object in (a). The piece of wood and the brass object are small enough to
be placed in the measuring cylinder.

(i) The piece of wood does not sink in water.

Suggest why.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Describe what the student does to find the volume of the piece of wood, stating the
measurements that she makes and any calculations required.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[4]

[Total: 7]

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2 (a) Fig 2.1 shows liquid in a cylinder.

cylinder

liquid

Fig. 2.1

Table 2.1 gives some data about the cylinder and the liquid.

Table 2.1

radius of cylinder 3.5 cm

weight of empty cylinder 2.5 N
depth of liquid 12.0 cm
density of liquid 900 kg / m3

The cylinder containing liquid is placed on a digital balance that displays the mass in kg.

Calculate the reading shown on the balance.

reading ...................................................... kg [4]

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 4

3 (a) Fig. 1.1 shows the distance-time graphs for three different objects A, B and C.

A
B
distance

0
0 time

Fig. 1.1

Describe the motion of each of the objects A, B and C by selecting the appropriate description
from the list below.

constant speed increasing speed decreasing speed stationary

A ...............................................................................................................................................

B ...............................................................................................................................................

C ...............................................................................................................................................
[2]

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(b) Fig. 1.2 shows the speed-time graphs for three more objects D, E, and F.

speed D

0
0 time

Fig. 1.2

Describe the motion of each of the objects D, E and F by selecting the appropriate description
from the list below.

constant speed constant acceleration increasing acceleration stationary

D ...............................................................................................................................................

E ...............................................................................................................................................

F ................................................................................................................................................
[2]

© UCLES 2014 0625/31/O/N/14/Q1 [Turn over

 6

4 A free-fall parachutist jumps out of an aeroplane, but doesn’t open his parachute until after
some time has elapsed.

Fig. 3.1 shows the graph of his speed during the fall.

speed A B

C D

0
0 time

Fig. 3.1

(a) What is the value of the acceleration of the parachutist immediately after he has jumped
from the aeroplane?

................................................. [1]

(b) How can you tell that the acceleration decreases until point A on the graph is reached?

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

(c) State why the acceleration of the parachutist decreases until point A on the graph.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

(d) Consider section AB of the graph.

(i) State what is happening to the parachutist’s speed in this section.

............................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) What can be said about the forces on the parachutist during this section?

..................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................ [1]

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(e) At which point did the parachutist open his parachute?

................................................. [1]

(f) Explain why the speed decreases from B to C.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 9]

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 8

5 A plastic ball is dropped from the balcony of a tall building and falls towards the ground in a straight
line.

Fig. 1.1 is the speed-time graph for the falling ball.

8.0

speed
m/s
6.0

4.0

2.0

0
0 1.0 2.0 3.0
time / s

Fig. 1.1

(a) State and explain, in terms of forces, what is happening to the speed of the ball between time
t = 2.0 s and t = 3.0 s.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[2]

(b) On Fig. 1.1, mark a point P on the line where the acceleration of the ball is not constant. [1]

(c) Using Fig. 1.1,

(i) calculate the acceleration of the ball between t = 0 s and t = 0.25 s,

acceleration = ...........................................................[2]

(ii) estimate the distance that the ball falls in the first 3.0 s.

distance = ...........................................................[2]
[Total: 7]
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6 (a) Underline the pair of quantities which must be multiplied together to calculate impulse.

force and mass force and velocity mass and time

time and velocity weight and velocity force and time [1]

(b) Fig. 3.1 shows a collision between two blocks A and B on a smooth, horizontal surface.

A B A B
3.0 m / s v
2.4 kg 1.2 kg

before collision after collision

Fig. 3.1

Before the collision, block A, of mass 2.4 kg, is moving at 3.0 m / s. Block B, of mass 1.2 kg, is
at rest.

After the collision, blocks A and B stick together and move with velocity v.

(i) Calculate

1. the momentum of block A before the collision,

momentum = ...........................................................[2]

2. the velocity v,

velocity = ...........................................................[2]

3. the impulse experienced by block B during the collision.

impulse = ...........................................................[2]

(ii) Suggest why the total kinetic energy of blocks A and B after the collision is less than the
kinetic energy of block A before the collision.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]
[Total: 8]
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7 Fig. 2.1 is the extension–load graph for a light spring S.

30

extension / cm

20

10

0
0 2 4 6 8 10
load / N

Fig. 2.1

(a) State the range of loads for which S obeys Hooke’s law.

from ....................................................... to .......................................................... [1]

(b) Using information from Fig. 2.1, determine the spring constant k of spring S.

k = ......................................................... [2]

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(c) A second spring, identical to spring S, is attached to spring S. The two springs are attached
to a rod, as shown in Fig. 2.2. A load of 4.0 N is suspended from the bottom of spring S. The
arrangement is in equilibrium.

rod

second spring

spring S

4.0 N load

Fig. 2.2

(i) State the name of the form of energy stored in the two springs when they are stretched.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) Determine the extension of the arrangement in Fig. 2.2.

extension = ................................................... cm [1]

(iii) The load is carefully increased to 6.0 N in total.

Calculate the distance moved by the load to the new equilibrium position as the load
increases from 4.0 N to 6.0 N.

distance moved = ......................................................... [1]

[Total: 6]

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8 (a) (i) State one similarity and one difference between vector and scalar quantities.

similarity ...................................................................................................................

difference .............................................................................................................. [2]

(ii) Give an example of each quantity.

vector quantity ..........................................................................................................

scalar quantity ...................................................................................................... [2]

(b) Fig. 3.1 is an overhead view of two tractors pulling a tree trunk.

tractors

30 000 N

20° tree trunk

20 000 N

Fig. 3.1

The force exerted by each tractor is indicated in the diagram.

In the space below, carefully draw a scale diagram to determine the resultant force on
the tree trunk. State the scale you use.
Write down the magnitude of the resultant force and the angle between the resultant
force and one of the original forces.

magnitude of resultant force = ......................................................

direction of resultant force = ......................................................

[4]

[Total: 8]
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9 (a) Define the moment of a force.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) Fig. 2.1 shows an object of negligible weight. The object is in equilibrium.

rope
object pulley

20 cm
pivot P
50 kg
mass

12 cm

force F

Fig. 2.1

The object is free to rotate about its pivot P.

Calculate the value of force F.

F = ......................................................... [2]

(c) Describe an experiment involving vertical forces to show that there is no net moment on an
object in equilibrium. You may draw a diagram in the space provided.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 6]
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10 A power station burns waste materials from farm crops to generate electricity.

(a) State and explain whether this process is renewable.

statement ..................................................................................................................................

explanation ...............................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) The power station uses some of its waste thermal energy to heat water for houses in a nearby
town.

State one problem of using waste energy in this way if the power station is far from the town.

...................................................................................................................................................

Suggest a way of reducing this problem.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................
[2]

(c) State two environmental consequences of burning coal to generate electricity.

consequence 1. ........................................................................................................................

consequence 2. ........................................................................................................................
[2]

[Total: 6]

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11 Fig. 3.1 shows a long, plastic tube, sealed at both ends. The tube contains 0.15 kg of small metal
spheres.

small metal spheres

Fig. 3.1

A physics teacher turns the tube upside down very quickly and the small metal spheres then fall
through 1.8 m and hit the bottom of the tube.

(a) Calculate

(i) the decrease in gravitational potential energy as the spheres fall 1.8 m,

decrease in gravitational potential energy = ........................................................ [2]

(ii) the speed of the spheres as they hit the bottom of the tube.

speed = ........................................................ [3]

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(b) The gravitational potential energy of the spheres is eventually transformed to thermal energy
in the metal spheres. The physics teacher explains that this procedure can be used to
determine the specific heat capacity of the metal.

(i) State one other measurement that must be made in order for the specific heat capacity
of the metal to be determined.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Suggest a source of inaccuracy in determining the specific heat capacity using this
experiment.

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(iii) The teacher turns the tube upside down and lets the spheres fall to the bottom 100 times
within a short period of time.
Explain why turning the tube upside down 100 times, instead of just once, produces a
more accurate value of the specific heat capacity.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

[Total: 9]

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Thermal Physics 17

12 (a) Explain, in terms of molecules, how thermal expansion takes place in a solid
and in a gas.

solid .................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

gas ...................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [4]

(b) Complete Table 5.1 to show the relative expansion of equal volumes of liquids, gases
and solids.

Choose words from

much less, slightly less, slightly more and much more. [2]

state of matter expansion compared to solids, for the

same temperature rise

liquids

gases

Table 5.1

(c) Alcohol is often used in thermometers.

State one property of alcohol that makes it suitable for use in thermometers.

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 7]

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 18

13 Fig. 3.1 shows a balloon inflated with air. NOV-21 P41 Q3

Fig. 3.1

The pressure of the air at the inner surface of the balloon keeps the rubber stretched.

(a) Explain, in terms of the momentum of the molecules, why there is a pressure at the inner
surface of the balloon.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

(b) The volume of the air in the balloon is 630 cm3 and the pressure of the air in the balloon is
1.0 × 105 Pa.

The balloon is tied to a heavy stone and dropped into a lake. The balloon is pulled down
quickly and the temperature of the air inside does not change.

(i) Calculate the volume of the air when the pressure of the air is 1.4 × 105 Pa.

volume = .......................................................... [2]

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14 Liquids and gases are two states of matter.

(a) In both boiling and evaporation, a liquid changes into a gas.

(i) State two ways in which boiling differs from evaporation.

1. .......................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

2. .......................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(ii) Before injecting a patient, a doctor wipes a small amount of a volatile liquid on to the
patient’s skin.

Explain, in terms of molecules, how this procedure cools the patient’s skin.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [4]

(b) Gases can be compressed but liquids are incompressible.

Explain, in terms of molecules, why liquids are incompressible.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 8]

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15 Water has a specific heat capacity of 4200 J / (kg °C) and a boiling point of 100 °C.

(a) State what is meant by boiling point.

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) A mass of 0.30 kg of water at its boiling point is poured into a copper container which is
initially at 11 °C. After a few seconds, the temperature of the container and the water are both
95 °C.

(i) Calculate the energy transferred from the water.

energy transferred = ......................................................... [2]

(ii) Calculate the thermal capacity of water by using the following equation

thermal capacity = mass of water × specific heat capacity of copper.

thermal capacity of water = ......................................................... [2]

(iii) Water from the container evaporates and the temperature of the remaining water
decreases slowly.

Explain, in terms of molecules, why evaporation causes the temperature of the remaining
water to decrease.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 8]

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16 Fig. 5.1 shows two metal plates A and B with a radiant heater placed midway between them.

shiny plate dull black plate

wax wax

cork cork

A B
radiant heater

Fig. 5.1

Metal plate A is shiny. Metal plate B is dull black. A piece of cork is attached to each plate using
wax. The wax is a solid at room temperature and has a melting point of 37 °C.

(a) State and explain what happens to the pieces of cork a few minutes after the heater is
switched on.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [4]

(b) Give the name of the method of transfer of thermal energy in solid metals.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 5]

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 22

17 Fig. 4.1 shows a cross-section of a double-walled glass vacuum flask, containing a hot liquid.
The surfaces of the two glass walls of the flask have shiny silvered coatings.

silvered
surfaces

vacuum

hot liquid

Fig. 4.1

(a) Explain

(i) why the rate of loss of thermal energy through the walls of the flask by conduction
is very low,

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

(ii) why the rate of loss of thermal energy through the walls of the flask by radiation is
very low.

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................
[3]

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 23

(b) Suggest, with reasons, what must be added to the flask shown in Fig. 4.1 in order to
keep the liquid hot.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................... [3]
[Total: 6]

© UCLES 2013 0625/31/M/J/13 [Turn over

Waves
24

18 Fig. 6.1 shows a shallow tank viewed from above. The depth of the water is different in the two
parts of the tank. Fig. 6.1 shows the crests and the troughs of a wave that pass from left to right.

boundary

45°
Key
trough
crest
33°

2.6 cm

Fig. 6.1 (not to scale)

As the wave passes from one side to the other, the direction of the wavefronts changes.

(a) Explain why the direction of the wavefronts changes in the way shown in Fig. 6.1.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

(b) The speed of the wave in the left-hand part of the tank is 0.39 m / s.

(i) Using information from Fig. 6.1, determine the frequency of the wave.

frequency = ......................................................... [3]

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 PMT
25

(ii) Determine the speed of the wave in the right-hand side of the tank.

speed = ......................................................... [3]

[Total: 9]

© UCLES 2020 0625/41/O/N/20 [Turn over

 PMT
26

19 (a) (i) Describe what is observed during total internal reflection.

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) State two conditions required for light to be totally internally reflected.

1. .......................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

2. .......................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................
[2]

(b) Describe and explain the action of optical fibres in communication technology. You may draw
a diagram in your answer.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 6]

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20 Some plane waves travel on the surface of water in a tank. They pass from a region of deep For
water into a region of shallow water. Fig. 6.1 shows what the waves look like from above. Examiner’s
Use

boundary

waves move
this way

deep shallow
water water

Fig. 6.1

(a) State what happens at the boundary, if anything, to

(i) the frequency of the waves,

............................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) the speed of the waves,

............................................................................................................................ [1]

(iii) the wavelength of the waves.

............................................................................................................................ [1]

(b) The waves have a speed of 0.12 m / s in the deep water. Wave crests are 0.08 m apart in
the deep water.

Calculate the frequency of the source producing the waves. State the equation that you
use.

frequency = ................................................ [3]

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 28

(c) Fig. 6.2 shows identical waves moving towards the boundary at an angle. For
Examiner’s
Use
boundary

A B

waves move
this way

deep shallow
water water

Fig. 6.2

On Fig. 6.2, draw carefully the remainder of waves A and B, plus the two previous waves
which reached the shallow water. You will need to use your ruler to do this. [3]

[Total: 9]

© UCLES 2010 0625/31/M/J/10 [Turn over

 29

21 (a) The speed of light in air is known to be 3.0 × 108 m / s.

Outline how you would use a refraction experiment to deduce the speed of light in glass. You
may draw a diagram if it helps to clarify your answer.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[4]

(b) A tsunami is a giant water wave. It may be caused by an earthquake below the ocean.

Waves from a certain tsunami have a wavelength of 1.9 × 105 m and a speed of 240 m / s.

(i) Calculate the frequency of the tsunami waves.

frequency = ...........................................................[2]

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 30

(ii) The shock wave from the earthquake travels at 2.5 × 103 m / s.

The centre of the earthquake is 6.0 × 105 m from the coast of a country.

Calculate how much warning of the arrival of the tsunami at the coast is given by the
earth tremor felt at the coast.

warning time = ...........................................................[4]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2011 0625/31/M/J/11 [Turn over

 31

22 (a) Fig. 8.1 shows a section of an optical fibre. It consists of a fibre of denser transparent material,
coated with a layer of a less dense transparent material.

less dense
material

ray
denser material

Fig. 8.1

One ray within the fibre has been started for you on Fig. 8.1.

(i) State and explain what happens to the ray already drawn, after it reaches the boundary
between the materials.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(ii) On Fig. 8.1, carefully continue the ray until it reaches the end of the section of optical
fibre. [1]

(b) Fibre-optic cables are sometimes used to carry out internal examinations on the human
stomach.

(i) Suggest one reason why the cable is made of thousands of very thin optical fibres.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Describe briefly how the inside of the stomach is illuminated.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

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 32

(iii) Describe briefly how the light from the stomach is transferred to the detecting equipment
outside the body.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

[Total: 6]

© UCLES 2011 0625/31/M/J/11 [Turn over

Electricity 33

23 The circuit of Fig. 4.1 is set up to run a small immersion heater from a 6.0 V battery.

6.0 V

X A

heater

Fig. 4.1

(a) State the name and purpose of component X.

name .........................................................................................................................................

purpose .................................................................................................................................[1]

(b) The heater is designed to work from a 3.6 V supply. It has a power rating of 4.5 W at this
voltage.

(i) Calculate the current in the heater when it has the correct potential difference across it.

current = ...........................................................[2]

(ii) Calculate the resistance of component X if there is to be the correct potential difference
across the heater. The battery and the ammeter both have zero resistance.

resistance = ...........................................................[3]

(c) Some time after the heater is switched on, the ammeter reading is seen to have decreased.

Suggest why this happens.

...................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................................................[1]

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 34

(d) As an alternative to running the heater from a battery, it is decided to construct a circuit to
enable it to be operated from the a.c. mains supply.

Name the electrical component needed to

(i) reduce the potential difference from that of the mains supply down to a potential difference
suitable for the heater,

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) change the current from a.c. to a current which has only one direction.

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

[Total: 9]

© UCLES 2011 0625/31/M/J/11 [Turn over

 35

24 The manufacturer’s label on an electric heater is as shown in Fig. 5.1.

C.I.E. Electrical Company

Suitable for use on 110 V, 60 Hz supply
1 kW/ 2 kW
This appliance must be earthed when in use

Fig. 5.1

(a) State what electrical quantity is represented by

(i) 110 V, ............................................................................................................

(ii) 60 Hz, ............................................................................................................

(iii) 1 kW. ............................................................................................................ [1]

(b) (i) Which part of the electric heater must be earthed?

.......................................................................................................................................[1]

(ii) Explain what the hazard might be if the heater is not earthed.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

.......................................................................................................................................[2]

(c) The heater has two 110 V heating elements, with two switches, so that either one or both
elements may be switched on.

In the space below, draw a circuit diagram showing how the heating elements and switches
are connected to the mains supply.
Use the symbol for each heating element.

[2]

[Total: 6]
© UCLES 2011 0625/31/M/J/11
 36

25 (a) Explain what is meant by electromotive force (e.m.f.).

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

(b) An electric heater contains two heating elements R1 and R2. An electric motor operates a fan.
The fan blows cool air over the heating elements.

Fig. 8.1 shows the circuit.

S1 S2 S3

240 V mains
supply M
R1 R2

Fig. 8.1

The heater is powered by a mains supply of e.m.f. 240 V.

Switches S1 and S2 are closed. Heating element R1 gets hot. The resistance of R1 is 30 Ω.

(i) Calculate the current in heating element R1.

current = ......................................................... [1]

(ii) Calculate the power produced in heating element R1.

power = ......................................................... [2]

(iii) The resistance of heating element R2 is 60 Ω.

Switches S1, S2 and S3 are closed.

1. State and explain how the current in R2 compares with the current in R1.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................... [2]

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2. The current in the motor is 0.10 A. The cable from the electric heater to the plug for
the mains socket is safe when the current in it is less than 20 A.

Suggest and explain a suitable fuse rating for this circuit.

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 9]

© UCLES 2020 0625/41/O/N/20 [Turn over

 38

26 Fig. 6.1 shows a shower that takes in cold water. The water passes through an electric water
heater and emerges from the showerhead at a higher temperature.

showerhead

electric
water heater

Fig. 6.1

The power of the heater is 9000 W.

(a) The shower is powered by a 230 V electricity supply.

(i) Calculate the current in the heater when it is switched on.

current = ........................................................ [2]

(ii) Suggest a suitable rating for the fuse in the heater circuit.

fuse rating = ........................................................ [1]

(b) The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J / (kg °C). The initial temperature of the cold water
is 16 °C.

Determine the maximum mass of water that can be heated to a temperature of 35 °C in 1.0 s.

mass = ........................................................ [4]

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27 Fig. 7.1 shows a circuit diagram that includes component X.

A
X

20 Ω

30 Ω

Fig. 7.1

(a) State the name of component X.

............................................................................................................................................. [1]

(b) The electromotive force (e.m.f.) of the battery is E. The switch is closed.

The potential difference (p.d.) across the 30 Ω resistor is V30.

The p.d. across the 20 Ω resistor is V20.
The p.d. across component X is VX.

State an equation that relates VX to:

(i) V30

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

(ii) E and V20.

..................................................................................................................................... [1]

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(c) The e.m.f. of the battery is 6.0 V and the resistance of component X is 15 Ω.

Calculate:

(i) the total resistance of the circuit

resistance = ......................................................... [3]

(ii) the ammeter reading.

reading = ......................................................... [2]

(d) The temperature of component X increases.

State and explain what happens to the ammeter reading.

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2019 0625/41/M/J/19 [Turn over

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28 The resistance of a 1.0 m length of resistance wire is 7.6 Ω. A length of this wire is taped to a metre
rule. A crocodile clip is connected to one end of the resistance wire exactly at the 0 m mark of the
rule. Fig. 7.1 shows the crocodile clip connected to terminal P.

0 m mark movable contact metre rule

l
1.0 m mark

crocodile clip
resistance wire

connecting wire
terminal P terminal Q

Fig. 7.1

A second terminal Q is connected to a movable contact using a long length of connecting wire.
The movable contact is in contact with the resistance wire at a length l from the 0 m mark on the
rule.

The movable contact is placed at different points on the resistance wire. The resistance R of the
length l of the wire depends on l.

(a) On Fig. 7.2, sketch a graph to show how R varies with l for values of l between l = 0 and
l = 1.0 m. Mark appropriate values on the axes of the graph.

R/Ω

0
0 l/m

Fig. 7.2
[2]

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(b) Fig. 7.3 shows a battery of electromotive force (e.m.f.) 12 V connected across the 1.0 m length
of the resistance wire.

12 V

l
movable contact metre rule

resistance wire

terminal P terminal Q
Fig. 7.3

(i) State what is meant by electromotive force (e.m.f.).

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Calculate:

1. the current in the resistance wire

current = ........................................................ [2]

2. the potential difference (p.d.) between terminal P and terminal Q when l = 0.35 m

p.d. = ........................................................ [1]

3. the charge that passes through the resistance wire in 5.5 minutes.

charge = ........................................................ [2]

[Total: 9]

© UCLES 2019 0625/41/O/N/19 [Turn over

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29 A student has a power supply, a resistor, a voltmeter, an ammeter and a variable resistor.
For
Examiner’s
(a) The student obtains five sets of readings from which he determines an average value Use
for the resistance of the resistor.

In the space below, draw a labelled diagram of a circuit that he could use.

[3]

(b) Describe how the circuit should be used to obtain the five sets of readings.

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................... [2]

(c) Fig. 8.1 shows another circuit.

6.0 V

A
resistor resistor of
3.0 Ω unknown value

Fig. 8.1

When the circuit is switched on, the ammeter reads 0.50 A.

(i) Calculate the value of the unknown resistor.

resistance = ………………. [2]

(ii) Calculate the charge passing through the 3.0 Ω resistor in 120 s.

charge = ………………. [1]

(iii) Calculate the power dissipated in the 3.0 Ω resistor.

power = ………………. [2]

© UCLES 2005 0625/03/M/J/05 [Turn over

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30 The circuit in Fig. 9.1 contains a 4.0 V battery, whose resistance can be ignored. For
Examiner’s
There are also three resistors, a 3-position switch, S, and another component, P. Use

22  2

A
S B 8
C

4.0 V

Fig. 9.1

(a) State the name of component P.

................................................. [1]

(b) Deduce the resistance of the circuit when switch S is connected to

(i) point A,

resistance = ................................................ [1]

(ii) point B.

resistance = ................................................ [3]

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(c) State the current in component P when S is in position C, and explain your answer. For
Examiner’s
current = ..................................................... Use

explanation ......................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................... [2]

(d) The 22  resistor is removed as shown in Fig. 9.2.

2

A
S B 8
C

4.0 V

Fig. 9.2

Showing your working, decide which switch position will result in energy release from
the circuit at the rate of 2.0 W.

switch position = ................................................ [3]

[Total: 10]

© UCLES 2010 0625/33/M/J/10