Drilling and blasting project 2 Name: Temesgen Silabat ID- ETS1215/13

1. A) describe how you would design & execute this tunnel excavation in detail you are able to at
this stage. Use sketch or simple drawings for your explanation.
The site investigation and geotechnical analysis should be used to determine the most appropriate
excavation method for the specific project requirements and site conditions. Since granite is
considered a tough rock, we need to choose a method that is applicable for hard rock tunneling
such as full face heading method, heading and bench, drift method. Each method, has its
advantages and disadvantages like Full-face tunneling excavation is a fast and efficient However,
more expensive than others, Drift tunneling is a cost-effective method, and requires less space for
equipment and material storage compared to other excavation methods. Head & bench is
commonly used in soft ground conditions where the ground is not stable enough to support full-
face tunneling excavation or drift tunneling. Therefore, Drift tunneling is more preferable because
it fulfills the criteria of the project given the data of square cross section 3*3m, 200m long tunnel.

Drift tunnel main operation: first we do Boring or blasting a top center heading of drift, next
widening & enlarging, then make benching in stages, in this next method a drift of
2.5m*3m(minimum) size or sufficient to accommodate the tunneling machinery, labour & mucking
equipment etc is used. After making the central drift, holes are drilled for widening the face of
proposed tunnel. These drill holes are then loaded with suitable explosives and fired step by step.

b) What additional information would you need to carry out this task? ground conditions, the
ground water conditions, the logistics of supporting the tunnel excavation, the final use and shape
of the tunnel and appropriate risk management etc.

2) State the source if any, where you got your information from? www.kpstructures.in,
https://www.britannica.com/, NIT POLYTECHNIC, Nagpur youtube.com.