NAMA : NORAINI BNTI ZAZALI

STUDENT ID : 2021858648
CLASS : CAAD 244 ( INDUSTRIAL DESIGN )

There are a few Scholars in Islamic Psychology . Name 3 of the Islamic Psychology and
elaborate what are they emphasized on .

From the Islamic point of view, Psychology Scholars are defined as truly comprehensive
psychology that can only develop from a very different assumption. From another point of view
it is also necessary so that a genuine study of the soul can occur and there is a genuine
psychology, the word psychology means more to the study of the soul, which can deal with all
aspects of the self can appear. Besides , From an Islamic point of view, the spiritual approach
refers to psychotherapy and is one aspect of behavior modification which is based on the
relationship between humans and their Creator which requires a paradigm and operation where
our faith in Allah SWT becomes the focal point. Faith is both a cognitive and an ethical
construct that can gather all the data and facts in a perspective that has the appropriateness
needed for understanding in the actual process that is therapeutic.

The first scholar in Islamic Psychology is Al-Farabi or his real name is Abu Nasr
Muhammad ibn Muhammad Farabi is an Islamic scientist who masters various sciences but he
is more inclined in the field of philosophy and logic. Throughout his life Al-Farabi often
traveled in addition to studying with famous poets and philosophers to deepen his knowledge.
In addition, Al-farabi also known as Alpharabius in the Western world is one of the great
Islamic scientists and philosophers in the Islamic Turkish world in the early Middle Ages. He
is also famous as a cosmologist, logician and musician. He lived between 870 - 950 AD. He
was from Farab, Kazakhstan. Al-Farabi earned the title among Muslim scholars as the "Second
Teacher", the heir to Aristotle, the "First Teacher", through his commentaries and treatises. The
definition of Ruh is an element in the human body that has been created by God as the source
of life. Ruh comes from the word Ar Riyaah which means wind which is something invisible,
but energetic. The word Ruh is mentioned twenty-one places in the Qur'an with carries a
different meaning which is ruh which refers to beings that has a ruh, a ruh that refers to a
breathed-out ruh the human body and also the ruh that refers to things that contains orders or
business purposes . Next, Aqal is a spiritual tool for humans that functions to distinguish
between what is right and what is wrong as well as being able to analyze an ability that depends
widely on the experience and level of human education, whether formally or informally. How
to use reason in Islamic view First, reason is like a building site while shara' is like a building.
Second, aqal is like vision while shara' is like a light that illuminates it. Third, aqal is similar
to the flame of a lamp while shara' is like the oil that keeps it alive. And the fourth, shara' is
aqal from outside the self while aqal is shara' from within. In conclusion, Spirit and reason are
closely related to humans because it is a gift given by God to every creature of his creation, in
the words of Allah SWT which means "and there is no one who takes lessons except those who
think." (Surah Ali Imran, 3:7). Aqal’ is the trigger of our strength that derived the ‘roh’.From
the strength, human develop survival instinct, defense mechanism and breeding mechanism .

Next, the scholar in Islamic Psychology is Ibn Sina or his real name is Abu Ali Al-Hussain
Ibn Abdallah Ibn Sina was born in the year 370 Hijrah corresponding to 980 AD. His early
studies began in Bukhara in the field of language and literature. In addition, he also studied
other sciences such as geometry, logic, mathematics, science, jurisprudence, and medicine. In
addition, he mastered various sciences including philosophy but he was more prominent in the
field of medicine either as a doctor or a professor of the science. Among the successes obtained
by Ibnu Sina is that he managed to cure the illness of Prince Nub Ibn Nas al-Samani who failed
to be treated by other doctors. His prowess and expertise in the field of medicine is unmatched
so much so that he was given the title of al-Sheikh al-Rais (First Master). The definition of Ruh
is an element in the human body that has been created by God as the source of life. Ruh comes
from the word Ar Riyaah which means wind which is something invisible, but energetic.
According to the view of the human spirit can be defined as the human spirit that has been
divorced from the body or body. In other words, it is the same as the supernatural that is when
a person is alive, he has an inner spirit. Death is when the spirit separates from the body. Some
religions believe that without a body, the spirit can still exist in heaven or hell. Some people
believe that spirits can communicate with people, or change things in the world. Most religions
forbid contact with spirits such as in Islam in any way, but some include this in their practices
such as ancestral beliefs . In addition, the spirit of animals in the Islamic view is based on
authentic evidence that all the animals on the face of the earth will be gathered by Allah SWT
in the hereafter, but the animals will return to ashes and soil. Animals are Mukalaf creatures.
The spirit of the plant can be defined as the soul in Arabic is referred to as nafs or ruh while in
English soul or spirit refers to the immaterial element in the human body. The soul cannot be
separated from the body, and vice versa because without one of the two, a person cannot be
said to be human. although the soul is a plant element in the human body.

Finally, Islamic psychology scholars is Imam Ghazali or his real name is Abu Hamid
Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Ghazal, known as Algazel in the Western World, is one of the
Islamic scientists. He is also a great guardian of God and is more widely known as an Islamic
thinker and is agreed by the scholars as Al-Mujaddid for his generation. His nickname is al-
Ghazal at-Tusi. His nickname is Abu Hamid. Among the other titles that have been given to
him are Hujjatul-Islam, Siraj al-Mujtahidin and Zain al-Abidin. Next, in his masterpiece Imam
Ghazali's "Ihya 'Ulumuddin differentiate between spirit and the body. Roh is the soul that
makes humans, animals and plants live in this world. In his work he tells The 'soul' of man is
eternal and endless but the 'soul' of animals and plants is destroyed . In the work of Ihya
Ulumiddin, which was composed by him in the 11th century, it tells about The spirit that was
taken that was held by Allah SWT when he died and that was held by the messengers of Allah
SWT then the spirit was put in the shroud from heaven or hell. Spirit is a force that grows life
in this world both in plants, animals and humans. Spirit is something very important and
fundamental to human life and as something fundamental and important should be known by
man himself and knowing it is adapted to the object he knows so that because the spirit is not
physical.
 In conclusion, a scholar in Islamic Psychology according to the Islamic view means to
From an Islamic perspective, any truly comprehensive psychology can only develop out of a
very different set of assumptions. A different set of knowledge is required, so that a genuine
'study of the soul' can take place and a 'genuine psychology', the word psychology means study
of the soul, which addresses all aspects of the self can emerge. In addition, it is closely related
to the occurrence of the spirit in the various views of the scholars in this psychology, in addition
to that, the occurrence of the spirit is also closely related to the body and the body is used by
living creatures and given the advantages possessed by humans given by Allah SWT which is
the perfection of using common sense in the word of Allah SWT that carries the meaning Then
He completed the event, and breathed into it: the Spirit of His creation. And He gave you
hearing and sight and heart (intellect), (so that you may be grateful, but) very little you are
grateful.