Quarter 3 Week 4 Pre-Test

Name: Score:
Section: Date:

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answer in your activity notebook.

1. Which of the following can be a medium for a wave?

a. air b. space c. water d. all of the above
2. Which of the following is an example of an ocean wave?
a. longitudinal wave b. standing waves c. stationary wave d. transverse wave
3. What is the maximum distance the molecules of a medium are displaced from their rest position?
a. amplitude b. frequency c. speed d. wavelength
4. Which of the following is an example of longitudinal wave?
a. blue light b. radio waves c. sound waves d. water ripples
5. Which of the following describes the effect of water waves passing into shallow water?
a. wavelength increases, frequency increases, velocity increases
b. wavelength increases, frequency unchanged, velocity increases
c. wavelength decreases, frequency increases, velocity unchanged
d. wavelength decreases, frequency unchanged, velocity decreases

The figure below represents a sea – wave that causes a small cork (Z) to rise up
and down through one complete oscillation every 4 seconds.
Refer to this figure for questions 6 – 7

6. What is the amplitude of the wave?

a. 0.5 m b. 1.0 m c. 1.5 m d.3.0 m
7. What is the position of the cork (Z), if the wave is moving to the right, after 4 seconds?
a. 0.25 m/s b. 0.75 m/s c. 4 m/s d.12 m/s
8. What is the speed of the wave, If the frequency of the wave is 2/s and its wavelength
is 8 cm?
a. 4 cm/s b. 6 cm/s c. 10 cm/s d.16 cm/s
9. Which of the following characteristics of a wave, the one that is independent of the others is?
a. amplitude b. frequency c. speed d. wavelength
10. Which of the following statements is correct?
a. Longitudinal waves are also called surface waves.
b. The vibrations of a transverse wave move in a direction along the direction of wave travel.
c. The vibrations of a transverse wave are in a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel.
d. The vibrations of a longitudinal wave are in a direction perpendicular to the direction of travel.

Lecture Quarter 3 Week 4

What is wave?
A wave is a periodic disturbance that moves away from a source and carries energy with it. For example,
earthquake waves show us that the amount of energy carried by a wave can do work on objects by
exerting forces that move objects from their original positions.

Types of Waves
There are two types of waves: the transverse waves, and the longitudinal waves. These are mechanical
waves that require a medium for propagation. Water waves and rope waves are examples of transverse
waves. On the other hand, a light wave is an example of an electromagnetic wave, which does not require
any medium for propagation. Recall what you did when you generate waves in a rope. When you disturb
one end of the rope, how did the rope waves travel with respect to the direction of wave motion? Yes,
rope waves travel in a direction perpendicular to the direction of wave motion. This kind of wave is what
we call a transverse wave.

Below is an illustration of a transverse wave.

On the other hand, longitudinal waves are waves which travel in a direction parallel to the direction of
wave motion or parallel to the direction of vibration

The figure below illustrates longitudinal waves.

Transverse Waves versus Longitudinal Waves

One way to categorize waves is based on the direction of movement of the individual particles of
the medium relative to the direction that the waves travel.
A transverse wave is a wave in which particles of the medium move in a direction perpendicular
to the direction that the wave moves.
A longitudinal wave is a wave in which particles of the medium move in a direction parallel to
the direction that the wave moves.

Electromagnetic versus Mechanical Waves

 Another way to categorize waves is based on their ability or inability to transmit energy through a
vacuum (i.e., empty space). Categorizing waves on this basis leads to two notable categories:
electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves.
An electromagnetic wave is a wave that can transmit its energy through a vacuum (i.e., empty
space). Electromagnetic waves are produced by the vibration of charged particles. Electromagnetic waves
that are produced on the sun subsequently travel to Earth through the vacuum of outer space. All light
waves are examples of electromagnetic waves.
A mechanical wave is a wave that is not capable of transmitting its energy through a vacuum.
Mechanical waves require a medium in order to transport their energy from one location to another. A
sound wave is an example of a mechanical wave.

Electromagnetic Spectrum

The electromagnetic spectrum describes all the kinds of light, including those the human eye
cannot see. In fact, most of the light in the universe is invisible to our eyes.
The light we can see, made up of the individual colors of the rainbow, represents only a very
small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Other types of light include radio waves, microwaves,
infrared radiation, ultraviolet rays, X-rays and gamma rays — all of which are imperceptible to human
eyes.
All light or electromagnetic radiation travels through space at 186,000 miles (300,000 kilometers)
per second — the speed of light. That’s about as far as a car will go over its lifetime, traveled by light in a
single second!

Electromagnetic Spectrum
Wavelength (meters)

Characteristics of Waves

Water waves are easily produced and observed. By touching one point on the surface you can see
the peaks of the waves form circles and move outwards from the source of the disturbance.
Some of the characteristics used to describe transverse wave motion are enumerated below:
● The high points are called crests while the low points are called troughs.
● The amplitude is the maximum displacement from the rest position. It is the height of the crest or
depth of a trough measured from the normal undisturbed position.
● The wavelength, λ, is the distance between two successive crests or two
successive troughs. It is also equal to the distance between any two identical
points on successive waves. For example, points A and B and points C and D.
 Parts of a Wave

 The frequency, f, is the number of crests or troughs that pass a point per second.
This is equivalent to the number of complete waves generated per second.
Frequency is measured in terms of hertz (Hz).
 The period, T, is the time taken to generate one complete wave. It is also the time
taken for the crests, or any given point on the wave, to move a distance of one
wavelength.

T = 1/f

 The speed, v, of the wave is the distance moved by a wave in one second. Since the
wave crest travels a distance of one wavelength in one period, the wave speed,

v = λ/T or ν = fλ

Activity Sheet Quarter 3 Week 4

A. Let’s make waves using a rope!

What to do:

1. Get a piece of rope about 2 m long. Fix one end of a rope by typing it around a post or a rod.

Figure 1. Rope tied to a rigid object

 2. Have a single disturbance in one end of the rope. What is formed?
3. Repeat procedure number 2 but this time move the end of the rope with a series of
disturbances. What did you observe? What do you think the medium used in this activity through
which the wave produced?

Q1. In Activity A, how did you generate waves in a rope?

Q2. What was transferred by waves from one place to another?
Q3. How will you compare the generation of waves in Procedure 2 and 3?

B. Let’s make waves using a slinky coil!

What to do:

1. Get a slinky coil or plastic coil, which is usually played by children. Let a partner hold one end
of the coil.

Figure 2. Slinky coil or plastic coil hold on both sides

2. Then, push and pull the other end. What do you observe? Yes, there are parts in the coil that are
compressed and there are parts in the coil that are far apart. This illustrates longitudinal waves.

Q1. How did you generate waves in a slinky coil?

Q2. Describe the movement of the waves in a slinky coil?
Q3. What kind of wave is produced when you flip the edge of the blanket or when you shake the
dust from a blanket or rug?

Quiz Quarter 3 Week 4

A. Direction: Fill in the blanks and write your answers in your notebook/ on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Waves carry __________________ from one place to another.

2. The highest point on a transverse wave is the _________________ while the lowest part is the 3.
______________________
4. The _____________________is the height of the wave.
5. The distance from one crest to the next is the ________________________.

B. Direction: Solve the following problems and write your answers in your notebook/ on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. A vibration of frequency 5 Hz sends a wave of wavelength 0.8 m down a rope.

What is the speed of the wave?

2. A wave of wavelength 1.5 m travels down a rope at a speed of 6 m/s. What is the frequency of
the wave?
C. Direction: Study the electromagnetic spectrum and answer the questions below and write your
answers in your notebook/ on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following has the highest frequency? (ultraviolet, microwaves, x-ray, radio waves)

2. Which of the following has the longest wavelength? (gamma ray, visible light, ultraviolet, radio
waves)

3. Which of the following has the shortest wavelength? (gamma ray, visible light, ultraviolet, radio
waves)

4. Which of the following has the highest frequency? (visible light, microwaves, infrared, radio
waves)

5. The longer the wavelength the _________ the frequency. (lower, higher)