(D rrloN Erl'

ORDERNO.
Shownthe photo is model CT-9R ARP-050-O
Ouar?-PLLDirectDrive/RibbonSendustHead
STEREOCASSETTETAPE DECK

eT-tr|trl
lI l--rr
GT-8Fl
r This servicemanualrefersto the circuit descriptions. discription,pleaseseeservice
For the mechanism
manualof the CT-7R(ARP-001-0).

PICINEEFI ELECTFICINIG CCIFIPCIFIATICIN 4-1. Mesu.o 1-chome, Mesuno-ku, Tokyo 1s3, Jepen
U.B. PfCI\fEEFl ELECTFICX\IICB CCIFIFCIIIATICIN A5 Oxfond Dnive, Moonechie, New iJensey O7O74, u.S.A.
PICX\IEEFI ELEC?F|CIN|C aEIJFICIFE N.V. Luithagen-Haven 9, 2O3O Antwenp, Etelgium
PfC fEEFf ELECTFICTNICB A|JATF|ALIA PTY. l.rE,. 178-1A4 Eloundeny Fload, Bneeside. VictoniE 3195. Aust.alie

P r i n t e di n l a p a n
1 . CIRCUIT DESCRIPTIONS
1.1 PLAYBACK FLOW
The signal picked up by the playback head is
amplified by the equalization amplifiers, Q1701
and Q1703. At the same time, frequency response
is corrected.
The output from the equalization amplifiers is
level-adjusted by variable resistor VR1703 and
then applied to Q1705. In addition to being an
amplifier, Q1705 also functions to correct fre-
quency response.
When normal tape is used, Q1707 wiU be ON,
and the combination of Q1701, Q1703, and
Q1705 will set equalization to 120ps. For metal or
CrO2 tape, Q1707 will remain OFF and equaliza-
tion will be 70ps.
The output from Q1705 is applied to pin 15
of IC601 (HA11226) in the Dolby circuit. Here, it
is passed out pin 9. This output is then applied to
pin 16 of IC602 and output from pin 9. The out-
put signal from IC602 passesvia the MONITOR
switch to LINE OUTPUT. (A description of the
Dolby circuit will be presented later.)
1.2 RECORDINGFLOW
The signal input to the microphone jack is first
amplified by the mic amplifier, IC1501 (NJM-
4558D), then passedvia the INPUT selector switch
to the INPUT volume. Level is adjusted by the IN-
PUT volume and the signal is then applied to the
flat amp IC1701 (NJM4558D). The amplifiedsignal
is then pa.ssedthrough the MPX filter and into the
Dolby circuit. In the Dolby circuit, it is passed
through Q608, IC602 (HA11226), and IC601
(HA11226) before input to the recording ampli-
fier. From the recording amp, it is applied to the
recording head.
1.3 CONTROL CIRCUIT
The control circuitry of this unit is contained
in CPU PD6006, expansion IC PM3001, and IC
PA3010 used in the MS function. The key signals
applied to PD6006 are transmitted to PM3001 as
16-bit serial data, and PM3001 then uses this data
to control the various circuits.
When a mode key is activated, the 16-bit serial
data transmission is output from pin 5 of PD6006.
This is shown in Fig. 1-1. Also a clock pulse is
output from pin 7. (Data and clock pulse trans-
mission occurs once each time the key isactivated.)
The 16-bit serial data is applied to pin 3 of the
expansion IC, PM3001, and the leading edge of the
clock pulse is read into the shift register of PM
3001 through pin 2.
After both read events are completed, a STB
(strobe) pulse is applied to pin 1, and PM3001
then starts transmitting control signals from its
various output pins in accordance with which key
was activated. (Refer to Fig. 1-3.)
The following sections will describe the various
circuit operations occurring when a mode key is
activated. Operations will be described for the
FWD direction of travel. (Except where other-
wise specified, the pin nos. will be for PM3001.)
The DOLBY MUTE circuit shown in the signal
path diagram (Fig. 1-1) tums Q313 ON to mute all
circuik only when the position of the Dolby
switch is changed.
1. STOP Mode Key ON -Power switch ON
Mechanism
The 16-bit serial data transmission from PD6006
will cause pin 7 and 8 of PM3001 to go high,
tuming SOL L and R OFF. The mechanism will
thus be placed in a STOP status.
Motor
Pin 4 and 5 will be low. and the reel motor will
be in a STOP status.
SignalPathandothercircuits
When pin 9 is high, Q621, Q311, and Q1603 are
all ON. This causes LINE OUTPUT and the head-
phone amp to be muted. If pin 11 also goes high,
Q309 is tumed ON, placing the REC AMP input at
a ground potential. When pins 12 and 13 go low,
Q302 tums OFF, stopping the bias oscillator
circuit, and extinguishing the REC IND. Muting is
applied to all circuits in a STOP status.
2. PLAY Mode Key ON
Mechanism
Pin 7 and 8 of PM3001 go low, activating SOL L
and R. (Refer to the timing chart in Fig. 1-5.)
This places the mechanism in the PLAY mode.
Motor
Pin 4 goes to a low level, while pin 5 is held at
a middle (M) level, causing RM R (reel-motor R)
to start turning.
P06006
3 35)S
t--"=
Fig.1-1 PD6006Dataoutput
 MS CIRCUT
PULL-UP RESISTOR P A 3 0 10

P D6 0 0 6
(cPu )
+sv

HALF SW

FOR POWER
MS SUPPLY CT-8R
s-{r o o t -ci-"
stotT --oNLY P M 3 O O l( E X P A N S
READER M-STOP -€ "tO----O+-O?t
i qs-orl
,-€ qr I
MEMORYO-JIII;
swI|MERli- _t__t
SENSING DATA sw t'-

M.REPEAT

I/B/S
\ODE rEc ) L A Y CFF
PINNO\
T- PLAY B.L.E.
35 H L H CIRCUIT
34 L H H
T- REC STB t ArJro RESEI
I c r R c ur T
\{o.
)IN NO\ D MODEI SKIP REW
33 H L H
R
FF REC BIAS M
32 L H H MODEtr M/T

F-R SW 8/S
PREVENTION
FWD

REV REC SENSOR AUTO BLE

-rEEC MUTE
P A U S EI N D

-r- REC
REC MUTE
M U S I CR E P E A T tN0
HEAO

ffi
4 PLAY
MS MUTE
BLANK SEARCH vl
.J_ +PAUSE
PAUSE M/R IND L
INOEXSCAN REc
. FF
FF T/S IND
M S/ S K I P
_L REW
REW A/S IND REC HEAD
-gSTOP
STOP SKIP INO

.J-DIR
DIRECTION GN D

t_
Fig. 1-2 Control systemblock diagram
 SignalPathandothercircuits
When pin 9 goes low, Q621, Q311 and Q1603
turn OFF, enabling sound to be output from
LINE OUTPUT and at the headphone jack. When
MS CIRCUT REELMOTOR
CIRCUIT pin 16 goes high, q324 tums ON and the time
constant of the blank detector circuit enters the
PLAY mode. Pins 11, pin 12 and pin 13 are in the
same state as STOP key ON.
3. FF Mode Key ON
Mechanism
PA2009 PA201c.
Pin 7 goes high and pin 8 goes low. This turns
SOL L OFF and SOL R ON, placing the mecha-
CAPSTANMOTORCIRCUIT nism in a PAUSE status.

NE
PM3OO1 (EXPANSIONIC)
Motor
Pin 4 goes low and pin 5 goes high, placing RM
L in a STOP status and causing RM R to turn.
SignalPathandothercircuits
CLOCK
| c r,,.o. I
- e Ro N L Y
Same as in the STOP status.
I I 4. REW Mode Key ON
Mechanism
J l aA UuTrOoRR E SEES
T E IT l l s o L . Pin 7 goes high and pin 8 goes low. This turns
I CcrRcu
I R C UIrr
T r- | L SOL L OFF and SOL R ON, placing the mecha-
I
nism in a PAUSE status.
Gto*'
FF REC BIAS MUTE MUTE Motor
L ---
Pin 4 goes high and pin 5 goes low. This turns
__J
MOTOR& MECHANISMPATH RM L ON and places RM R in a STOp status.
SignalPathandothercircuits
^{il-:l,REAL TIME COUNTER
TAPE RUN CIRCUTT Same as in the STOP status.
SIGNAL PATH 5. REC/PLAY Mode Key ON

L IN E
OUTPUT
I Mechanism
Same as PLAY Mode Key ON.
Motor
Same as PLAY Mode Key ON.
HEADPHONES
HEAD
SignalPathandothercircuits
PHONES
AMP
rI
Rc h l
When pin 9 is low, Q621, Q311, and Q1603 are
turned OFF enabling output from LINE OUTPUT
i7
and the headphone jack. If pin 11 also goes low,
DOLBY MUTE muting is lifted from the REC AI\4P allowing the
signal to be recorded on the tape. When pins 12
and 13 go high, Q302 is turned ON activating the
bias oscillator and applying erase current to the
erase head and bias to the recording head. The
REC IND (LED) is also illuminated.
6. PAUSE Mode Key ON (in STOP status)
Mechanism
Pin 7 and 8 both go high, turning SOL L and R
OFF and placing the mechanism in a STOp status.
Motor
Same as STOP status.
SignalPathandothercircuits SignalPathandothercircuits
Same as STOP status. (The PAUSE LED is When pin 9 is high, Q621, Q311 and Q1608 are
illuminated however.) all ON. This causesLINE OUTPUT and the head-
7. PAUSE Mode Key ON (in PLAY status) phone amp to be muted. If pin 11 also goes high,
Mechanism Q309 is tumed ON, placing the REC AMP input at
a ground potential. When pins 12 goes low, QB02
Pin 7 goes high, and pin 8 goes low. This turns turns OFF, stopping the bias oscillator circuit.
SOL L OFF and SOL R ON, placing the mecha- Pin 13 goes high, causing the REC IND to illumi
nism in a PAUSE status. nate.
Motor 9. Direction Key ON (in STOP status)
Same as STOP status. Mechanism
SignalPath Pin 7 goes low for a 275msec interval, and pin 8
Same as STOP status. (PAUSE LED is illumi- goes high. This causes SOL L to turn ON for only
nated however.) 27[msec, and since SOL R is OFF, the mechanism
goes through a direction operation from FWD-
8. REC/PLAY PAUSE Mode Key ON
STOP to REV-STOP.
Mechanism
Pin 7 goes high, and pin 8 goes low. This turns Motor
SOL L OFF and SOL R ON, placing the mecha- Same as STOP status.
nism in a PAUSE status. SignalPathandothercircuits
Motor Same as STOP status.
Sameas STOP status.

STOP PLAY REC,/PLAY STOP PLAY REC /PLAY

Pin FF REW PAUS€ PAUSE
No.
FUNCIION ' F W DI R E V F W D I R EV F w D I R E V F W O R E V FWO R E V F W D I R E V F w D I R E V F W OI R E V

RM. L L ( OFF) L n L M L IM L L L

5 RM. R L (or' n L M ML L L

HEAD SW -t L L L L L H
uooE f,

7 SOL. L HL HL L
d
(OFF) L n Hlt- HL

I SOL. R - (oFF) LH L]H L L r LH L IH

9 P B. IVUTE n
(oN) H H L L H H H

to L I N EM U T E t n H L L H L
(oN) f,

II REC MUTE H n H H L n H H
( o N)

I2 BIAS L L L L n L L
(OFF) L

t? REC L (or' L L L L L H

t4 REW IND L L n L L L L L
IOFF)

IND L rorr) H L L L L L L

t6 PLAY IND L,ora, L L H H L L L

PD oo6
H n H H n L L
t4 PAUSE IND (OFF) L

Fig. 1-3 PM3001Output stateby mode

5
Pin vo Applicable
No. Symbol Description Model
CT-gR CT€R
1 E xtal Used by internal quartz oscillator
Pin 2 - GND
2 Xtal External circuit terminal f : 3.58MHz
3 RESET IN CPU reset input (effective low, normatly high)
4 M.STOP IN Memory STOP input (effective tow)
5 DATA OUT DATA output to PM3001 orrr l1___1J- rl_ g- - - - --_Sf;Lr_ o
6 NC 1234
--t Serial
T-'l r-t rr I
7 CLOCK OUT CLOCKoutput to PM3001 . ' ^ ^ u l i l A l UA Ul AU output to o o
PM3001
I NC
r[_
I STB OUT STB output to PM30O1 STB

10 SKIP OUT SKIP key scanoutput J--L _J__-L KEY

o o
11 M/l OUT MUSIC REPEAT, INDEX SCAN key scanoutput
-L- -Lr
SCAN
---1__J-- --t_r output
12 B/S OUT BLANK SEARCHkey scanoutput o
13 AUTO BLE OUT AUTO BLE startoutput [ ffi;;,pffi---- l=]-fr"

14 P A U S EI N D OUT PAUSE indicator output (effective low)

I ndicator
o o
R E CM U T E
15
IND OUT R E C M U T E i n d i c a t o r o u t p u t ( e f f e c t i v el o w ) output
o
Ms MUTE output, PA301oMS signalMUTE output (low levelwhile reelmotor turning
16 M SM U T E OUT
during blank detectoroperation o
17 M/R IND OUT M U S I C R E P E A T i n d i c a t o r o u t p u t ( e f f e c t i v el o w l
18 r/srND OUT INDEX SCAN indicator output (effective lowl
Indicator X X
19 B/S IND OUT B L A N K S E A R C H i n d i c a t o r . o u t p u t ( e f f e c t i v el o w l output
X X
20 SKIP IND OUT SKIP indicator output (effective low)
21 GND GND o
22 DIRECTION I N DIR (directionlkey input
23 STOP IN STOP key input
24 REW IN REWkey input
25 FF IN F F key input Mode o
key
26 PAUSE IN Pause key input
input o
27 PLAY IN PLAY key input
2A REC IN REC/PLAY key input
29 R E CM U T IN REC MUTE key input o
30 RECSensor IN R E C s e n s o rs w i t c h i n p u t ( e n a b l e dt o w , d i s a b l e d h i g h )
Mechanism o
31 F-R SW IN FWD/REVsensorswitchinput (FWD: L; REV: H) SW input

32 M O D EI IN Mode \J
Mode selector switch input selector
33 M O D EI I IN SW input o
34 T.REC IN Timer RECswitchinput Timer
mode SW
35 T.PLAY IN Timer PLAY switchinput input o
36 r/B/s IN INDEX SCAN, BLANK SEARCH, SKIP key input Key
matrix
37 M.REPEAT IN MUSICREPEATkey inpur input o o
38 SENSING IN pulseinput (from PA2010pin)
Sensing J-l_l-Ll-L Reelturnins o o
39 LEADEF IN Tape leaderpulsedetectorinput (from pin 2, PA3010) n *Tape leaderdetected o
B l a n k s i g n a l i n p u t ( H l e v e l b e t w e e n s e l e c t i o ni n P L A Y , F F , R E W ; L l e v e ld u r i n g
40 MS IN
selection; H level all other timesl o
41 HALF SW IN Cassette loading switch input (Loaded: L ; Unloaded: H) o
42 VDD +5V power source o
Fig. 1-4 PD6006Pin description
Timingchart1
FWD

PIN
NO. ,,N POWERON
STOP Its STOP REW STOP P LAY STOP
PLAY /
PAUSE STOP

4 RM
L
Tr
f
R tvl R
L
Tt =
-.,r Tl
t2
1F-
i*M

6 HEAD SW
L

H
7 SOL, L
L

H
I )vL. x
L

f2 *l l* PLAY
tl
l* 'l-1
I PAUSE TI 'Ati
Zu PAUSE
gF , - Tll
*s DIR I
tl I

g6 STOP
STOP t,t
'lll
I

9 PB MUTE
H Tr
T2
-
-l f

lo LINEMUTE
L

H
T6
_l_
H
tl REC MUTE
L

t2 BIAS
L

t3 REC SW
L

ft:425mS T2:275mST!:275mS T4:225mS T5:tASmS T6:42SmS T7:42SmS Ts:325mS Te:ZgmS Tto:l25mS

F i g .1 - 5 T i m i n gc h a r to f P M 3 0 0 1 ,1

7
Timingchart2
FWD
-NooE PLAY/
PIN
N O . FUNCTIOiI\- S T OP R E C/ P L A Y STOP PAUSE REC/PAUSE R E C/ P L A Y PLAY RECl PLA Y ?EC/PAUSE S T OP

4 RM L
L

M M
f, RM. R L Jz-
t*
HEAO SW
L
r9
r Tg- T9 fe Tsr Te

7 SOL. L
H-

r
n
R SOL. R

t,
PLAY T2 |*
= PLAY

+
a
P A US E I
z; PAUSE
I -{
g< ,t
DIR I
, I I
$o STOP .l*---
= STOP
I

9 PB. MUTE
H
k-! l*
rl
-lt:
I

--l_
to LINE MUTE
H

I Tz
T r8- it
-t_
tl RECMUTE
H
It'" il
t2 B IA S L
Tr
L f to-
t- t Tl

REC SW T9 t9 T9 T9 T9+ ,9

F i g . 1 - 6 T i m i n gc h a r to f P M 3 0 0 1 2
,

a
Timingchart3
FWD
---_\MO0E
PIN
STOP tt REW FF PLAY REW REW FF REC / PLAY REW
NO F U N C T I O\ N
:

t
4 RM. L tM Tt . Tl
L T5

lH lr
5 RM. R LT rs-H lt Fr.
M
lr -rr -F T z
t
n irl
A HEAD SW
ili r llTg- Fl
I

7 SOL. L
H

H
Tl

ih ll
Tr

I
SOL. R Tr tl Ts
I

E PLAY I 'i ,l
PLAY I I
a I -
2P I PAUSE
i If
ll
\L
+r t
ii DIR
H; STOP I it,
STOP
I

9 PB. MUTE
n

"l h_ "t Ll
to LINEMUTE
F
."*iL f3
l-
tl REC MUTE
H -l
t6:
I t
t2 BIAS L

t? REC SW r9 Te
L

F i g .1 - 7 T i m i n gc h a r to f p M 3 0 0 1 ,3
Timingchart4

FWD REV FWD FWD REV FWD FWO REV FWD

PIN PT^Y / PLAY / P L A Y/
NO.
FUNCTION\ STOP STOP STOP PAUSE PAUSE PAUSE FF FF

RM L L

5 RM R tl
L

HEAD SW
L
ii
7 SOL L
H T2'
Tg
f T2=
T3-
tu T
I
I
2

d SOL R
U iil
F- PLAY - I

F
F. DIR
I
I

.1
I
I
I il- it
ii
{rr
I

= -t'r?
o',,i-j
STOP
I 'rdr
z

U
=
R- OIR
R -PAUSE_

R.PLAY _
-l
P.B MUTE

to LINE MUTE

n
tt REC MUTE

t2 B IA S

REC SW
L

D I R : 0 I R E C T I OT
Nt : 4 2 5 m S T a : 2 7 5 m S T . : 2 7 5 m S T4:ZZ5mS T5:tASmS T6j42SmS T7:425mS Ts;325mS Ts:Z5mS Tro:t25mS

F i g .1 - 8 T i m i n gc h a r to f P M 3 0 0 1 , 4

r%;l F**-l
l'wo*--l
I
PLAY
I t"%*--f
Fig. 1-9 Directionoperation(in STOPstatus) Fis.1 - 1 0 D i r e c t i o no p e r a t i o n( i n P A U S E ,F F a n d R E W
status)

10
 Timingchart5

FWD REV FWD FWD REV FWD

PIN
NO.
FUt'tCTtOt't- REW REW REW P L AY PLA Y PL A Y

RM L

f, RM L t l-Tz

I
HEAD SW L I

7 SOL. L
H Tz-
t!
L T2
Tr
l1
T2

I SOL. R L
u] i-l
Tl
ii

iir i i; il;i-
F-PLAY -

iii
U
F
s F.PAUSE-

F.DIR -
',lf
ilT
2
z R- DIR -
'{li "il
rr\
rrl i
R.PAUSE- l_

= R -PLAY _

B, MUTE
n

L a
lo LINE IVUTE
n

d
a
tl REC MUTE

BIAS L

t3 REC SW

DIR : DIRECTION

F i g . 1 - 1 1 T i m i n gc h a r to f P M 3 0 0 1 5
,

FWD-REV +
REV -FWD --*

Fig. 1-12 Directionoperation(in PLAY status)

 PA3010
1 . 4 T A P E L E A D E R D E T E C T O RC I R C U I T
The tape leader detection circuit functions in
the auto-reverse mode to detect the point of
transition from the coated portion to the leader
portion of the tape. It then directs the mechanism
to reverse the direction oftravel, or places the unit
in a STOP status when this event occurs from the
fast-forward (FF) or rewind (REW) mode.
The detector uses an optical system based on an
. PHOTOTRANSISTOR
infrared LED whose emission is picked up by a
phototransistor. The circuit is activated by detect- Fig. 1-14 Tapeleaderdetectorcircuit
ing a difference in the amount of light passed by
the coated portion of tape, and the amount passed PIN
NO

by the transparent leader. t6

The output from pin 16 of PA3010 is converted

to light by the LED, and passesthrough the path
shown in Fig. 1-13 to be picked up by the photo-
transistor. During tape travel, the amount of light
received by the phototransistor is quite small, so
the input level at pin 7 is held low. This causes .or 1r1-L-=----
the charge and voltage at pin 3 and 4 to also be 4 _--_!' o B
held low, presenting a low logic input to the + and
- terminals of comparator. This results in a low
output from pin 2. But as the transparent leader l-t r _
pil$es into the light path, the amount of light
picked up by the phototransistor suddenly in-
creasesthe input to pin 7. This causespin 3 to snap COATEO TAPE LEANR TAPE
high, consequently applying a high input to the +
terminal of the comparator. Output from pin 2
Fig. 1-15 Tape leaderdetectorwaves
then goes high. As pin 3 goes high, the capacitor
connected to pin 4 starts charging, raising the
input level to the - terminal of the comparator. 1 . 5 E N D S E N S O RC I R C U I T
When the level of the - terminal reaches that of Since CT-9R and CT-8R are equipped with a
the + terminal, the output from the comparator tape leader detector circuit, they go into a STOP
snaps from high to low, and the output pulse status or go through a direction operation before
taken from pin 2 appears as shown in Fig. 1-1b. reaching the point where t,l-e end sensor cirucit is
CPU PD 6006 uses this output pulse to control activated, so normally the end sensor circuit will
the various mechanisms performing the mecha- not operate. However, where there is no leader on
nical functions of auto-reverse and automatic the cassette tape, or where there is an insufficient
stop. difference in the infrared transmission factor
between the coated portion and leader portion of
the tape, or in case the reel motor stops rotating
LED _ R E F E R E N C EP I N before the tape leader is detected, the end sensor
JN---:;:\
-l
t circuit is then activated.
Eb TAPE
.5 When the reel motor starts tuming, a sensing
1-6jJl enasenero
wrNDow pulse is transmitted from pin 13 of IC PA2010
n lwrrH
(used to control the reel motor) to pin 88 of
PIIOTOTRANSISTOR
PD6006. (This pulse is taken from the Hall element
and shaped into a squaxe wave by PA2010.)
Fig. 1-13 Tape leaderdetectorsection
When this pulse is maintained at either a low (L) or
high (H) level for a period exceeding three seconds,
PD6006 interprets that to mean the end of the
tape and thus switches to the next mode of opera-
tion.

l4
 If the mechanism is in the fast-forward (FF),
rewind (REW), or record-playback (REC/PLAY)
mode. the next mode entered is STOP. If it is
presently in the PLAY mode and the ? reverse
mode switch is selected, it also enters the STOP
mode. But if ? , Q are selected,if first goesthrough
a direction operation, then into a PLAY status.
Consequently, when an input signal is present,
pin 13 is at a low level, and no signal produces a
high output. This output is used by each of the
function operations (MS/SKIP, INDEX SCAN,
BLANK SEARCH, MUSIC REPEAT).
PMSMUTE""' L (PIN II) ( 8 L A N K S E A R C H O P E R A T I O N) PMSMUTE',,'H( PIN I I )

9
,,1,l,..1.,,'..,,..[h/1.,,. ll,,r,,1..
ll prllrl'n --1'

_|LJ-L W mlffi ilW

lwwmm mffiilffi L

-Fr
5V 70ms+
R I G H TR E E L
MOTORHALL
E L EM E N T
PA20to P06006
2 4vf\'
2.5V
t1 t
F i g . 1 - 1 6 E n d s e n s odr i a g r a m
3
I t-t
1.6 BLANK DETECTOR IC PA3O1OOPERATION Fig. 1-18 Blankdetectorwaves
When the function key is placed ON, and the
reel motor starts tuming, pin 16 of PD6006 1.7 FUNCTION KEY OPERATION
goes to a low level. When pin 16 goes low, pin 11 The various functions (MS/SKIP, INDEX SCAN,
of the blank detector IC (PA3010) also goes low, BLANK SEARCH, MUSIC REPEAT) are activated
lifting MS (Music Search) muting and commenc- by placing the respective key to the ON position.
ing MS operations. The timing chart for the pulses output from pins
As MS MUTE is lifted, the signal is first ampli- 10, 11, and 12 of CPU PD6006 are shown in Fig.
fied, then applied to pin 9, and its level is deter- 1-19. As a function key is placed in the ON posi-
mined by the comparator in the next stage. Com- tion, a pulse train is input to either pin 36 or 37 of
parator output at point A is as shown in the the CPU. The CPU then determines the timing of
Fig. 1-18. the pulse train, and starts operation of the selected
This output is used to tum Tr1 ON, and this in mode accordingly.
turn allows capacitor C connected to pin !2 to
dump its charge through Tr1. Thus, pin 13 goes to
a low level. _J-----r_ _J---L
When there is no input signal present, Tr1 turns -1_I- -1J-
OFF, capacitor C starts recharging, and approxi- --l
f
mately 7Omsec later, a high level is output from -l r !e-l
c+
pin 13. -LJ-
i-
-Lr

A=57!S A=AOIS. Cr27oS

F i s .1 - 1 9 Functionkey diagram

1. MS/SKIP Operation
When the MS/SKIP Key is placed ON, the FF
( >> ) key is activated, and when the beginning of
a music selection is located, pin 13 of PA3010
drops from high to low. The trailing edge of the
pulse effecting the level drop at the PD6006 pin
Fig. 1-17 Blankdetectorcircuit
sets the REWIND mode and rewinds the tape
back to the beginning of the selection, and enters
the PLAY mode.
 At the end of the selection, if the unrecorded
section of the tape (functioning to change the
output from pin 13 from low to high) holds the
level continuously high for over 8 seconds, PD6006
then selects the FF mode, continuing in that mode
until the beginning of the next selection drops
the level at pin 13 low. It then rewinds ( << )
back out to the beginning of the selection, and
enters the PLAY mode.
REW
Fig. 1-20 MS/SKIPoperation
2. INDEX SCAN Operation
When INDEX SCAN is activated, if the unit is
operating in the FWD direction, the FF ( >> )
mode is entered; if in REV, REW ( << ) is entered.
The unit then cycles through a search operation
to locate the beginning of a selection, then goes
into the PLAY mode. Playback of the selection
starts and continues for the 7 seconds that pin 18
of PA3010 is held low.
D
I the leader tape portion for 0.8 seconds in FF
R
E
c
T
I
N i.-
REWKEY ON
F i g . 1 - 2 1 I N D E X S C A No p e r a t i o n
After this 7 seconds has elapsed, it once again
retums to the FF or REW mode and cycles
through another search operation until all selec-
tions on the tape are thus indexed.
If the tape should end while the unit is in FWD
FF, or REV REW, either the STOP status would be
entered, or a direction operation would allow
search to continue, depending on the reverse mode
switch setting.
When in INDEX SCAN operation, REW KEy
(FF KEY in REV direction) is placed ON,INDEX
SCAN is operated in REW mode as shown in Fig.
r-2t.
3. BLANK SEARCH Operation
When the BLANK SEARCH key is placed ON,
if the unit is operating in the FWD direction, the
search is started in the FF ( >> ) mode; if operat-
ing in REV, it is started in the REW ( << ) mode.
When input to the blank detector (output by pin
13 of PA3010) is held high for 8 seconds,or when
the tape end sensor is detected, the present direc-
tion of travel is reversed, and the tape returns to
the position where input to the blank detector
snapped from high to low.
From this position, the unit reenters the PLAY
mode until a point is reached where the input at
the blank detector is maintained at a continuously
high level for 4 seconds.It then goes into a STOp
status, completing the operation.
As shown in Fig. L-22 (3), in case of the un-
recorded tape, the tape retums to the tape end in
REW mode after the search had been done for 8
secondsin FF mode-
When detecting the tape end, the tape travels
mode and then goesinto a STOP.
e sec -l
I A P EE N O
l i I D.
PLAY
LEADEFi r8 sec =
Fig. 1-22 BLANK SEARCHoperation
4. MUSIC REPEAT Operation
When the MUSIC REPEAT key is placed ON
while the unit is presently in the PLAY status,
the present music selection (or the next if un-
recorded tape selections) continues to completion,
then the output from pin 13 of PA3010 goesfrom
Iow to high. After the output of pin 13 has been
held high f.ot 2.5 seconds, the unit returns to the
beginning of that selection and repeats playback.
This operation may be repeated for the same
selection for up to 8 times, after which MUSIC
REPEAT is cleared and a STOP status entered.
The STOP status will also be entered in casethe
end sensor is activated.
F i g .1 - 2 3 M U S I CR E P E A To p e r a t i o n
1.8 DOLBY NR PROCESSOR
The CT-9R and CT-8R both feature type B and
type C Dolby NR processors.
The type C Dolby NR system enables noise to
be reduced by up to 20dB at frequencies above
7l<Ilz. The basic operating principles are the same
as for the type B Dolby NR system, the major
difference lying in the use of two separate pro-
cessor stages (a high level stage and a low level
stage connected in series). Switching to a type
B Dolby NR processor also enables Wpe B encoded
tapes to be played. Block diagxams for encoding
and decoding operations are outlined in Ftgs.
L-25 and L-26 respectively. The corresponding
input/output frequency response curves are shown
in Fig. 1-24.
The REC srgnal is passed through a spectral
skewing circuit (see Fig. 1-25) which is an LC
resonator with an for at 2OWlz, and designed to
prevent low to mid-range decoding error (high
level leakage) due to high level signals.
The REC signal is then applied to the lst
processor stage (high level stage) where it is divided
rnto 2 signals, the main signal being passeddirectly
to adder A, while the main signal is passed via
SCF-1 (side chain filter), arnplifier B and over-
shoot suppressor C before being applied to adder
A where the main and sub signals are recombined.
15
out put
t
......* Input
Fig.1-24 InpuVOutputcharacteristic
In addition, the amplifier B output is applied to
rectifier E (non-linear integrating type) via ampli
fier D, the rectified output being applied to VCR-1
(voltage control resistor) of SCF-1. This SCF is a
variable high-pass filter where the frequency
response is varied according to the VCR value.
The VCR value is increased under low level con-
ditions, and the SCF-1 tumover frequency is
determined by CURI. The level of the adder A
output will thus be 10dB higher than the main
signal level (around 1.5kHz), and the dynamic
range will be contracted. The VCR value will drop
when the VCR control voltage exceeds the
threshold value, and the SCF-1 turnover frequency
will be increased by C2lC!lR2lVCR-1, thereby
attenuating low to mid-range signals in the sub-
signal. And since the sub to main signal ratio is
lower at higher input signal frequencies, the
degree of dynamic range conhaction is smaller.
The adder A output is applied to the 2nd
processor stage (low level stage) where the signal
whose dynamic range was compressed in the lst
compressor stage is added. In order to further
compress the dynamic range in this 2nd processor
stage, the threshold level of the 2nd processor
VCR-2 control voltage is set below the corespond-
ing level of the 1st processor stage. The 2nd
processor stage also includes an anti-saturation
circuit R. The purlpose of this circuit is to effect
the same improvements as the spectral skewing
circuit.
During playback (se Fig. t-26), the same basic
circuitry is used as in recording mode, but with the
1st and 2nd processor stages in the reverse order.
Since the circuit starts from the output of the
inverter (sub-signal output), a negative feedback
loop is formed with the sub-signal being subtracted
from the main signal in adder A'. And since the sub- opposite of the conesponding characteristics
signal path operation is exactly the same as during during encoding. Consequently, a flat frequency
recording mode, the decoding and encoding response is maintained at all levels after all phases
characteristics complement each other. Further- of the encoding and decoding opperations are
more, the anti-saturation P and spectral de-skewing completed.
characteristics during decoding are the exact

lst processor (high levet stagol 2nd processor (low level stagel

I Inverter
Inverter ii
|| salgelenR
saruralton Ft
i Adder A r\ :I l-l Adder A'
R E CI N R E CO U T
rl
ll
tl
s c F -| tl
Overchoot gl Overshoot
Amp. B suppressor C rl R4 c6 Amp. B' suppressor

g):.,!-
tl
tl
iit l ,thln L=
ll iJn""tirier E, Amp.D,
tl
tl
rl

FiS.t-ZS Block diagramfor encodingoperation

2nd procesor (low lanel stagel lst processor (high lovel stagel

Anti-
lnverter saturation P
Adder A' Adder A
P . B .I N P B .O U T
I I
I I
II Spectral
scF-2 II s c F -| de-skewing
Overshoot II Overshoot
C' Amp. B' II C Amp. I
suppressor
I
II
i- tl -l[}r* I
II
I J || -l*L
I
t+ I
+ I
Amp. D' Rectifier E'l ;"".iri"reE

Fig. 1-26 Block diagramfor decodingoperation

16
1.9 AUTO BLE CIRCUIT
Auto BLE provides the function of setting bias,
recording level and equalization to obtain the ideal
recording characteristics exhibited by the various
type formulations. Operation is fully automatic.
When the AUTO key is pressed, a signal is trans-
mitted from PD4010 to control IC PD6006 in
initiating mechanism operation and coarse-adjust
recording level. It then shifts to bias adjustment.
Bias is set by detecting the ideal current, deter-
mined by subjecting the lkHz tone oscillator signal
to record/playback at 16 step levels of intensity
and selecting which of the 16 bias strengths is best.
The resistance of the bias circuit is set accordingly.
This adjustment cycle may be repeated up to
four times. Then after equalization has been set,
SIGNAL PATH
}IEAD
PM900 I
n. osc
F i g . ' l - 2 7 B . L . E .c i r c u i tb l o c kd i a g r a m
the tape is rewound to the starting position. The
complete adjustment process requires from 10 to
20 seconds.
In case one of the adjustments is impossible for
AUTO BLE to make, it is automatically disabled.
The tape is then rewound and standard values are
set.
The detection method used for each value
adjustment consists of passing the record/playbaek
signal through the Lch and Rch rectifier circuits
and comparing them (with comparators) with an
analog voltage obtained from a CPU digital sgnal
passed through the D/A converter. These circuits
are contained in PM9001.
M E C H A N I S MP A T H
LI NE
OUTPUT
CL E A R
C O N T R O LP A T H
17
1.10 REAL TIME COUNTER
The CT-9R uses a HaIl element sensor to detect
the rotational speed of the reel carrier, and inputs a
pulse signal to PD6008 for use by the tape counter
and real time counter.
Tape Counter Function
o Tapecounterset to "0000" at the time poweris turned
oN.
1. When the power switch is turned ON, e1206 is
ON during the 100ms interval required for
cunent to passthrough +B, R1214, R121b and
chargeC1218.
2. Q1206 being ON also turns qL2O7 ON, and its
collector is at a low level.
3. This low signal is applied to pin B of IC904
(PD6008). Pin 13 thru 18 of IC904 are high,
and pin 19 is low.
4. This output is passed to LED 1101 via the
inverting amplifier of ICg0b (Mb4b1?p),
setting the display to "0000,'.
5. Thus, the tape counter restarts from .,0000" at
the time power is applied to the unit.
o Tapecounterincrement/decrement "nnnn"
1. As shown in Fig. L-29, the Hallvoltage genera-
ted by the Hall element (H252: HB) built into
the right reel carrier is applied to pins 16 and
17 of lC2O2 (PA2010) and is output from pin
13.
2. This output is applied to pin 32 of. IC904
(PD6008).
3. At the same time, the voltage generated by Hall
element (H251 : HA) is applied to pins 5 and
6 of IC903 (NJM2903) and is output from
pin 7.
4 . This output is applied to pin 30 of IC904.
5 . Signal input to pins 30 and 32 cause segment
data to be transmitted by pins 13 thru 1g
(active high), and digital data to be transmitted
by pins 26 thru 29. This changesthe numerical
display of the tape counter.
6. When the tape is traveling in the FWD direc-
tion, the pulse shown in Fig. 1-29 is applied
with each tum of the reel, causing the counter
to increase.
7. When the tape is traveling in the REV direc-
tion, the pulse shown in Fig. 1-29 is applied
with each tum of the reel, causing the counter
to decrease.

Fig. 1-28 Tapecounterfunction

too coLUMN
( U N I T S)

to2coLuMN
( HUNORES
)
ro! coLUMlt
( rHousaNDS
)

4- PULL-UPR€SISTOR

'no 16r)-l
l\<tYl "ula=-ol
ffi
IC9o4

JI-I]JA
lC904 ROTORMAGNET AND
PrN
30rNPUl| L_t PIN 30
HR
LJ L I NP U T
HALL ELEMENT
R E L A T I O N S HI P
rcao4 f--'l
',1u,i3.,
J Ll
fi --.1
l_J L
C O U N T E IRN C R E M E N T
IC904
P I N3 2
INPUT
7C202
P I N1 3
OUTPUT m
Fig. 1-29 Tapecounterincrement/decrement
"nnnn"

18
a Counterreset
1. When the counter reset switch (S1101) is
placed ON, pin 41 of IC904 (PD6008) drops to
a low level, and pins 13 thru 18 go high, with
pin 19low.
2. Thus, when 51101 is held down, the tape
counter unconditionally resets the counter to
"0000". However, real time operations by
IC904 continues, and when S1101 is released,
the counter will once again indicate real time.
Real Time Counter Function
When the Counter/Mode switch (S1102) is
placed ON, the counter can be switched to eigher
tape counter or real time counter operation.
1. Placing 51102 ON causes pin 40 of IC904
(PD6008) to drop low.
2. This causes a high output from pin 20 to turn
Q921 ON, illuminating the LED1101 dot
indicator.
3. If the tape is traveling, voltage generated by the
right reel carrier Hall element (HA: H251) is
input to pins 5 and 6 of IC903 (NJM2903),
and output is obtained from pin 7.
4. At the same time, voltage generated by the Hall
element (HA : H253) of the left reel carrier is
applied to pins 2 and 3 of IC903, with output
from pin 1.
5. The outputs noted in 3 and 4 above are applied
to pins 30 and 31 of IC904 (PD6008) where
they are processed to obtain data on the
amount of tape time remaining. This data is
output from pins 13 thru 19, and 26 thru 29.
6. During the few second interval that data pro-
cessing is taking place in step 5 above, there is
no data present in IC904, and this causes the
output from pin 2O to vacillate between high
and low, switching Q921 ON and OFF causing
the dot indicator to blink. This reports initial
data acquisition.
7. During the time the dot indicator is blinking,
the numerical display will show preliminary
data, switching to an accurate display of the
calculation result a few seconds later.
8. As the processed data is stored in IC904, pin
20 will be locked high and Q921 will remain
ON keeping the dot indicator illuminated.
This reports the fact that the counter is indicat-
ing real time.
9. Remaining tape time is continually processed
during tape travel to update the counter.
10. The unit indicated by the counter during the
PLAY mode is seconds.In the FAST mode, 10
second units are shown.
1l.If during tape travel, the STOP or PAUSE
mode is entered. the counter will hold the
value at the point of entry.
l-2. When the tape reaches the "00.00" point on
the counter, the "00.00" display will be held
for approximately 30 seconds to account for
slight differences in tape length (even though
the tape may continue traveling).
o TAPECAPACITYswitch
The TAPE CAPACITY switch (S1018) is used to
allow for various tape lengths to be processed for
the tape time remaining display. Switching S1018
ON and OFF produces the logic levels at pins 38
and 39 of IC904 (PD6008) shown in Fig. 1-30.
Fig.1-30 Tapecapacity
switch
o Tapetraveldirectionindicator
LED indicators are provided so that the operator
can determine whether the tape is traveling in the
FWD or REV direction.
1. During the FWD mode of travel, the output
signal waveforms from pins 9 thru L2 otIC9O4
(PD6008) are as shown in Fig. 1-33.
2. These signals cycle through Q914 thru Q916,
turning them ON and OFF, thereby illuminat-
ing D1 thru D3 to indicate the forward direc-
tion of tape travel.
3. During the REV mode of travel, the output
signal waveforms from pins 9 thru L2 of
IC904 (PD6008) are as shown in Fig. 1-34.
4. These signals cycle through Q914 thru Q916,
turning them ON and OFF, thereby illuminat-
ing D4 thru DG to indicate the reverse direction
of tape travel.
5. The blinking rate of D1 thru D6 is determined
by the mode the mechanism is in, and this
information is received through pins 33 thru 37
of IC904.
19
 + F w Dr N D r c a r o R

€ R E VT N o T C A T O R
REV
PLAY

REW
PAUSE

Fig. 1-31 Tapetraveldirectionindicator

PD6OOB PIN No P06008 ( IC904 )

ro -l
M E C H A N I S MM O D E
33 34
INPUT

35
PIN

37 9
OUTPUT PIN
tl t2
PIN9 OUTPUT ]_I----a
S T OP L H H H H H H H PIN IO OUTPUT T
L H L H H SEE FlG. 1-33A=6OmS
PIN II OUTPUT t-J
REW L H H H SEE FlG. 1-34A=60mS
o
3
PLAY

FEL
L

L
L

L
H

H
H

H
H
iEE FlG. 1-33A=50Omt
PIN I2 OUTPUT
ru
O U T P U T S I G N A L W A V E F O R M1
PLAY PAUSE L H H L

REC PAUSE L H H L H H H Fis.1-33 Output signalwaveform1

P A US E L H H H L P06008 ( rC904 )
S T OP H H H H H H H H
-l___J-----l
l*o'1
P I N9 O U T P U T
SEE FlG. 1-33A=6OmS
ru
n L H H

REW H H
P I NI O O U T P U T
H H S E E FlG. 1-34A=6OmS
r
G PLAY H H H H iEE FlG. 1-34A=5OOmt
P I NI I O U T P U T L-J
PLAY PAUSE n L H H
H H H
-L----J-
P AU S E H H H P I N1 2O U T P U T

OUTPUTSIGNALWAVEFORM
2

Fig.1-32 PD6008input/outputtable
Fis.1-34 Output signalwaveform2

a Memorystop
When the MEMORY switch (51001) is placed 4 . llowever, if one of the MS/SKIP, MUSIC
ON, the tape may be moved ahead or backed up REPEAT, BLANK SEARCH oT INDEX SCAN
in the fast mode, automatically stopping when it switches is activated, IC310 will not transmit
reaches"0000" on the tape counter. a STOP command even with a low input
AIso, when the counter indicates real time, the present at pin 4.
tape can be moved in the fast mode to the point
equivalent to "0000", where it is automatically
stopped.
1. When the tape is in the fast travel mode, a low
level output is produced from pin 25 of ICg04
(PD6008) when the tape counter reaches
"0000".
2. This output passes via the TIMER switch STOP COMMANO
TO MECHANISM
(S1017), and S1001 to IC310 (PD6006),
where it is applied to pin 4.
3. The low input at pin 4 signals the program W H E NS r O r Tr N R E C , M E T V i O R
SYT O PD T S A B L E D
written into IC310 to place the mechanism in
the STOP mode. Fig. 1-35 Memorystop

20
 1.11 CAPSTANMOTOR CIRCUIT
The rotational speed of the capstan motor is The reference frequency (7.4283MH2) produced
determined by the frequency output of the full by the crystal oscillator is divided LlStZO by the
cycle integral type variable reactance frequency divider IC in PD1003 and output as 14b0.8898H2
generator (FG) built into the rotor. This unit con- from pin 15. This signal is input into pin 8 of the
verts the frequency of.362.5 rpm to 72\Hz.Voltage confuol IC PA2007. There, it is once again divided
at this frequency output is approximately B0mV by Ll2 to produce tlrre 725.4L992H2 phase control
rms, and this value is amplified by approximately reference frequency.
40dB by the FG amp section of PA200Z. This
1.12 REEL MOTOR CIRCUIT
circuit (PA2007) also functions to shape the wave-
The reel motor uses the same drive method as
form output by the FG.
the capstan motor;4-phase, electrically phased 90"
The next stage consists of a sample-and-hold F-V
apart. Hall elements are used to detect the posi-
converter designed to convert the frequency out-
put occurring through one eomplete cycle into an tioning of the rotor magnets and activate the
various coils via the PA2010 position detection
equivalent voltage. This voltage is applied to pin
signal composite circuit to provide rotational
11 of PA2007 as the speed control signal in the
torque and ma:rimum efficiency.
from of a DC voltage.
The reel motor is controlled by the PMg001
The voltage output from pin 11 (PA200?) is
contuol signal applied to pins 15 and L4 on
passed, along with the reference voltage from pin
PA2009. The various signal combinations (shown
!2 to PA2O72 and input into pin 7 and pin 6 re-
in Fig. 1-36) are used to activate the different
spectively. There it is used to control the current
operational modes and control the direction and
fed to the motor and reduce fluctuations in the
speed of the motor.
rotating speed.
The signal output from the right reel motor
The motor is a 4-phase type with Hall elements
(MR) Hall element is waveform-shaped into a
electrically phased 90" apart. The Hall elements
serve to detect the positioning of the rotor mag- square-wave pulse and taken from pin 1g of
nets, and activate the various coils via the composite PA2010 for use as the tape end sensor and tape
positioning circuit (PA2012), providing maximum counter signal. (CT-9R only)
efficiency and rotational torque.
CT-9RReference Frequency Generator Circuit
The CT-9R uses a crystal oscillator as a reference
frequency generator increasing the rotational
accuracy of the capstan motor.

INPUT (PA2OOg}
MODE R E E LM O T O RO P E R A T I O N A L
MODES
ML; PIN15 MR; PIN 14

STOP L L Both reel motors stopped

F.PLAY L M Right reel motor constant current drive

R.PLAY M L Left reel motor constant current drive

FF L H Right reel motor fixed speed drive

REW H L Left reel motor Fixed speed drive

REW.FF M H Right reel motor max

FF.REW H M Left reel motor max

Fig. 1-36 Reelmotor operationalmodes

CapstanMotor Block Diagram

::F^=-, ::fu
P r Nr 3 ( P A 2 0 0 7 ) P r NI ( P A 2 0 0 7 ) I

I
I

PA2007 L

iK
it_i--

PrN14 (PAzooT
) T
(v) m

lll nnn
;;U LJ tJ \
PrN4(PA2007)
(v)

u.o|
Ii-\ t-t n \-J LJ

P r N v r( P A 2 O O ?)

,,]A
A A
.,"VVV L
':'ts=-_______r______
PrN3(PA2007)

t =7.42A3 $Hz
I XTAL ;

P t N 1 { P A 2 0 1 2) P t N2 ( P A 2 0 1 2 ) P t N9 ( P A 2 0 1 2 )

F**
PtN 12 (PA2012) PtN 12-1(PA2012)
I

P r N8 ( P A 2 0 1 2 )

il'[t -- n-- t
P r N1 4 ( P A 2 0 1 2 ) PIN 14-',t(PA2012)

::IL,nL, r
Fig. 1-37 Capstanmotor block diagram
ReelMotor Block Diagram

P A2 0 0 9

F F M O O ES I G N A LW A V E

P r N1 3 ( P A 2 0 0 9 ) 12 ( PAzOOg)
(v)
8.1

'li
f
';1|J-tl-l
P r N8 ( P A 2 o | O )
(v)
;lj---l-l-l-
I

1 3 . 1 6s . c t=76 Hz

P A 2 0| O

ML MOTOR
4. PHASE
DRIVE
c r R c ur T

P r N2 0 ( P A z O T O
)
(v)

PIN 20-2
( P A 2 O T)O
PIN 20_t9
(v)
P r N 4 , 1 4( P A z O r O ) P r N 2 , 1 9 ( P A 2 O T )O
3.5 (v)

-t
o r6.8
"t |
ol- | | L_
3i[33:i, (PAzo,o)
(v,
P r N3 , r 8 ( P A 2 0 r O )
3.5 ( v )|

o
"t-r t-t_i
ol r

Fig. 1-38 Reelmotor block diagram

23