RESISTIVE LOAD Vs INDUCTIVE LOAD

12/18/23, 12:42 PM RESISTIVE LOAD vs INDUCTIVE LOAD
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https://doelect.blogspot.com/2018/05/resistive-load-vs-inductive-load.html 1/29
RESISTIVE
LOAD vs
INDUCTIVE
LOAD
May 28, 2018
R
ESISTIVE
LOAD vs
INDUCTIVE LOAD
“ An
ele
ctri
cal
loa
d is
a
dev
ice
con
nec
ted
to
the
out
put
of
an
ele
ctri
cal
po
wer
sou
rce.
Exa
mpl
e of
ele
ctri
cal
loa
ds
are;
DV
D,
TV,
Mot
or,
Cha
rge
r
and
any
oth
er
thin
gs
or
app
lian
ce
you
plu
gge
d in
to
you
r
hou
se
hol
d
soc
ket
or
con
nec
t to
the
mai
ns
sup
ply
fro
m
the
dist
rib
utio
n
co
mp
any
(NE
PA)
. A load is
something
what
removes
electrical
power from
a circuit for
some
purpose. It
can be a
lightbulb, a
speaker
producing
sounds, a
motor
turning
some
machinery,
or an
antenna
sending
radio
T
signals.
hes
e
ele
ctri
cal
loa
ds
are
ho
we
ver
of
diff
ere
nt
typ
e.”
Types of
Electrical Load
1. Resistive
load: It is a type
of load that
draws current in
the same
proportion with
the apply
voltage. They are
typically used to
convert current
into form of
energy such as
heat.
That is the
voltage and
current are of the
same phase.
These kind of
electrical load
converts
electrical energy
to heat. Example
of resistive load
include:
1. Electric heater
2. Cooker
3. Incandescent
bulb
4. Iron
and other
appliances that
uses heat for
operation.
Also, as the load
resistance then
temperature of
the device
increases.
Voltage
optimization is
an energy saving
technology that
is used to
regulate, clean
and condition the
incoming power
supply in order to
reduce the
voltage supplied
to the optimum
level for the on-
site electrical
equipment and
appliances.
They are often
benefits from
voltage
optimization, in
order to conserve
power and
extend the life of
electronics.
Voltage
optimization
provides resistive
loads with the
optimal operating
voltage and
ensures
consistent supply
of quality power
in other to
prevent the
effects of
potentially
harmful
brownouts (a
drop on the
voltage coming
from the
electrical power
supply) and
power surges
(spikes from a
power supply,
also known as
overvoltages)
that can damage
increasingly
sensitive
equipment.
Less complex
conventional
resistive loads
such as light
bulbs can also
have their
consumption
reduced and their
operating life
extended by the
optimal, stable
power supplied
by voltage
optimization.
2. Inductive Loads
An inductive load is a
type of load that
consume reactive
power because the
current now lags the
voltage. Inductive
loads require
magnetic field to
operate. So,
appliances and
gadgets made of coils
are inductive in
nature. Inductive
loads take time to

develop there
magnetic field when
the voltage is applied,
so the current is
delayed
Examples include
rotating equipment
like fans, motors etc
As the current lags
the voltage the
inductive load is
present.
One negative effect of
using an inductive is
that they produce
inductive discharge
To understand the
behavior of inductive
discharge, lets
examine how an
inductor actually
behave with influence
of supply current -
When current flows

through a coil of wire
(inductor/solenoid),
magnetic field begin
to build up in the
inductor and it will

get to a particular
time t that the
magnetic will build to
maximum. When the
source of supply is
removed from the

inductor, the
magnetic field built
up before will collapse
and will allow emf to

be induced in reverse
polarity of the power

supply.
It is the discharge of
this stored energy
which can cause
damage to the
element which is
switching the current
on and off or can
cause erratic
operation of other
electronic circuits.
Lets examine the

simple case of a pair
of relay contacts
switching a 24V DC
inductive load. The
diagram below shows
the voltages you
would measure
across the coil with

an oscilloscope as the
relay contacts open to
turn the load off.
As the contacts start

to open the normal
current flow through
the load shuts off,
and the stored
inductive energy
must now discharge.
As the open relay
contacts are a high
resistance to current
flow, the voltage

across the load
increases quickly in
the negative direction
(remember the
reverse polarity of the
stored energy) until

the voltage is high
enough to jump the
air gap between the
contacts. This is just
like the arc created in

spark plugs and
happens in a few
thousandths of a
second.
A 24V DC coil can

create negative
voltages as high as
several hundred volts
if the inductance of
the load (related to

the number of
winding) is high
enough. A 220V AC
coil can create
voltage spikes in the
thousands of volts.
NEGATIVE IMPACT
OF INDUCTIVE
SWITCHING
There are multiple

negative affects
which can be created
by un-suppressed
inductive energy
discharges.
Relay Contacts: The
primary effect on
relay contacts is
damage to the plating
on the contacts from

the arcing. This will
cause shortening of
the contact life and
reduction of the
current handling
capability.
Solid State
Switches: The
potential effect of the
large voltage spikes
produced by inductive
load switching can be
even more serious on
solid state switches.

All solid state
switching devices
have maximum
voltage ratings
beyond which
immediate damage
will occur. The high
voltage can punch
through the insulating
materials used
internally to protect
the device and create
a short circuit. This
permanently
damages the device

thereby requiring its
replacement.
All Artisan Controls
products with solid
state outputs employ
protection against
transient voltage
spikes but the
protective devices
used have limitations

and if these
limitations of voltage
and transient energy
are exceeded the
product will still be
damaged.
Secondary Effects:
The rapidly changing
currents and voltages
generated by
unsuppressed
inductive discharges
produce high
frequency noise which
can affect other

electronic devices.
This electronic noise
can be either
tramsitted along the
power and control

wires of a system or
can be radiated
through the air. This
electronic noise can
interfere with the
proper operation of
digital and analog
circuits, generally
causing erratic
operation or requiring
the electronic device
to be power cycled to
restore normal
operation.
Effect of Inductive
Load on Power
Because of the
behavior of inductor
in a circuit which
tends to make
current drawn lag
voltage such that the

initial fundamental
wave form has been
distorted. The effect
of this is induced
power line harmonics
which causes stress
on the distribution
line and causes
equipment of your
supply utility to begin
to heat up so the
supply utility (NEPA)
charge you base on
that which increase
your tariff.
INDUCTIVE LOAD ,
REACTIVE POWER ,
RESISTIVE LOAD ,
TRUE POWER ,
VOLTAGE
OPTIMIZATION
SHARE
Comments
Unknown
· 1 June 2018 at
23:11
Very educating.
Thanks Star
boy!!!
REPLY
Anonymous
· 31 March 2020
at 00:42
Thank you very
much!
REPLY
StevenHWicker
· 24 May 2020 at
06:55
Wow what a
great blog, i
really enjoyed
reading this,
good luck in
your work.
Organic farm -
Naturessoulsho
p.com
REPLY
Unknown
· 28 July 2020 at
19:47
Very usefull for
me as an
amature
electrician
REPLY
David Wesley
· 29 July 2021 at
21:10
Electronic
gadgets clearly
require some
type of battery
or AC outlet to
work, yet this
can differ
broadly, and
have long haul
results on a
definitive
working
expense. For
instance,
battery-
powered
lithium-particle
batteries are
light and
incredible,
settling on
them the
battery of
decision for
most compact
hardware. More
Info
REPLY
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12/18/23, 12:42 PM RESISTIVE LOAD vs INDUCTIVE LOAD

Electrical engineering blog with rich articles

May 28, 2018

voltage. They are

current are of the

uses heat for

Also, as the load

and condition the

level for the on-

They are often

extend the life of

loads with the

that can damage

bulbs can also

reduced and their

loads take time to

When current flows

inductor and it will

removed from the

and will allow emf to

polarity of the power

Lets examine the

across the coil with

As the contacts start

flow, the voltage

stored energy) until

like the arc created in

A 24V DC coil can

the load (related to

There are multiple

on the contacts from

solid state switches.

damages the device

used have limitations

can affect other

power and control

voltage such that the

Popular posts from this blog

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