Chapter-4 Chemical bonding

ENGLISH
Which of the following has maximum bond angle? H2O, CO2, NH3, CH4 1
1

ANS: CO2 has the maximum bond angle of 180º.

2 Write the Lewis dot structures of BeF2 and SiCl4. 1

ANS:

3 Explain the formation of a chemical bond. 1

ANS: Chemical bond is the force of attraction which holds the constituent atoms together in a molecule. It is formed by
overlapping of half filled atomic orbitals in covalent molecules and transfer of electron(s) in ionic compounds.

4 Why does He2 not exist? 1

ANS: He2 does not exist because repulsive forces dominate attractive forces and bond order is zero for He 2.

5 Which out of NH3 and NF3 has higher dipole moment and why? 1

ANS: In NH3 bond moments are towards lone pair whereas in NF3 bond moments are opposite to lone pair of electrons.

6 (i) Describe the hybridisation in case of PCl5. 2

 Chapter-4 Chemical bonding

(ii) Deduce the shape of SF4 molecule on the basis of VSEPR theory.

ANS:
(ii) In SF4, there are four bonded pair of electrons and one lone pair of electrons. It has sea-saw shape so as to have minimum
repulsion. It has see-saw shape.

7 Compare the relative stability of following species and indicate their magnetic properties O2, O2+, O2 – (superoxide), O22–
2
(peroxide).
 Chapter-4 Chemical bonding

ANS:
Greater the bond order, greater is the bond dissociation energy and hence greater is the stability of species.

On the basis of the presence of unpaired electrons, their magnetic nature is inferred as
O2 = paramagnetic
O2+ = paramagnetic
O2– = paramagnetic
O22– = diamagnetic

8 Predict the dipole moment of: 3

(i) A molecule AX4 with square planar geometry.
(ii) A molecule AX5 with trigonal bipyramidal geometry.
 Chapter-4 Chemical bonding

(iii) A molecule AX6 with octahedral geometry.

(iv) A molecule AX3 with pyramidal shape.

ANS: (i) Zero (ii) Zero (iii) Zero (iv) It has high dipole moment because dipoles do not get cancelled and there is net dipole
moment.

9 Although both CO2 and H2O are triatomic molecules, the shape of H2O molecule is bent while that of CO2 is linear. Explain this
3
on the basis of dipole moment.

ANS: H2O has net dipole moment, therefore, it is not linear rather bent molecule. CO 2 in linear molecule because its
dipole moment is zero.

10 Explain with the help of suitable example, polar covalent bond. 3

ANS: H–Cl has polar covalent bond because there is difference in electronegativity between hydrogen and chlorine.

11 Describe the hybridisation in case of PCl5. Why are the axial bonds longer as compared to equatorial bonds? 3
 Chapter-4 Chemical bonding

ANS:
Axial bonds are longer than equatorial bonds due to more repulsion.