Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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KurdologieKurdology
Kurdenkunde
PharmacologyBiologyGeology
Terminology
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←
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Google ClassroomPdf
Orientalism
Reclus
Lamartine
-
Missionnaires -
Rabban Sauma B. De Tudele
- -
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Herodote
Anabase Exenophon
Alexander II of Macedon
Cardouque
Strabon
Maurizio Garzoni, Grammatica e Vocabolario della lingua Kurda, Oxford University, 1787.
Marco Polo
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١٩١٨١٢٥١٨٥١١٢٩Martin Hartmann -
Oskar Mann
Oskar Mann, "Die mundart der Mukri-Kurden", Berlin: Druc und Verlag von Gerorg Riemer, 1906. \
Claudius James Rich
Major Ely Bannister Soane -
Major Ely Bannister Soane, To Mesopotamia and Kurdistan in Disguise, London, 1912.
Claudius James Rich, Narrative of a Residence in Koordistan, V(1-3), Published in 1836, London, J. Duncan.
https://peoplepill.com/people/ely-bannister-soane 2020/8/1
Understanding the Truth
https://www.loc.gov/resource/gdcwdl.wdl_03330/2020/8/1
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Major Ely Bannister Soane, Grammar of the Kurmanji or Kurdish Language, London,1913.
Notes on the Tribes of Southern Kurdistan,Baghdad, 1918.
Cecil John Edmonds, A Pilgrimage To Lalish, Oxford University Press, London, 1967.
Taufiq Wahby and Cecil John Edmonds, A Kurdish English Dictionary, Oxford University Press,1966.
C. J. Edmonds, Kurds Turks and Arabs, London, Oxford University Press, London, 1957.
1- David Neil MacKenzie, The Dialect of Awroman Studies, London,1956.
2 - David Neil MacKenzie, Kurdish Dialect Studies, Oxford University Press, London,1958.
Alexander Jaba
Basil Nikitin
Vladimir Minorsky
"
www. http/historyofkurd.com
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ArmenistanYerevan
Azerbaijan
GurjistanGeorjia
Ethnography
Schlafel
1- https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki
2- https://www.noor-book.compdf
3- https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki
4- httpwww.saradistribution.comgarzoni.htm
5- https://ia801200.us.archive.org/33/items/b28777086/b28777086.pdf
6- http://www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/asimov-marco-polo.pdf
7- https://ia800205.us.archive.org/35/items/travelsofmarcopo02polo/travelsofmarcopo02polo.pdf
8- http://jamekurdi.com/culture-and-arts ﻛﯚﭼ ﺮا ی-ﻛﺮﯾﺲ/2017-11-11
9- http://www.acadcr.com/index.php/2017-11-11
10- https://peoplepill.com/people/ely-bannister-soane 2020/8/1
11 - https://www.loc.gov/resource/gdcwdl.wdl_03330 /2020/8/1
12- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union 2020/8/1
٣
١٩٩٢ -١٩٢٢
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union2020/8/1
11- Ethnography focuses on single cultures or specific structures within one culture, while Ethnology is a study of
the members and structures of cultures and of the relationship of members to their cultures.
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Psycholinguistics
Broca’s Area
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Wernike’s Area
Phonetics
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broca%27s_area
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2iHDF5twkcE
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03Xtiz_ikw4
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Phonology
Phoneme
Dufriche-Desgenettes
Morphology
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Syntax
Paradigmatic-
Syntagmatic-
Semantics
Michel Breal
Pragmatics
Semiotics
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Dialect
Dialectology/
Idiolect-
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Northern
Language Family
Indo-European languages
Indo-Iranian languages
Aryan languages
Rajasthani-Punjabi-Bengali -Urdu -Hindi-
Nepali-Sindhi-Gujarati-Marathi-
Pashto- Balochi
Yagnobi TajikiOsseticy Parachi
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-European_languages
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Indo-European_languages
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_languages_by_total_number_of_speakers
https://www.ethnologue.com/subgroups/iranian
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Semitics languages
Ural - Altai or Altay-
Mountains
Tungusi
Sino-Tibetan languages
Mandarin-
Jin -
Wu -
Huizhou -
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afroasiatic_languages
https://blogs.aljazeera.net/blogs/2018/3/29اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺔ-واﻟﻠﻐﺔ-اﻟﻠﻐﻮﯾﺔ-اﻟﻌﺎﺋﻼت
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altaic_languages or Ural_Mountain
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Tibetan_languages
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Min-
Hakka-
Yue-
Ping-
Min Nan
Min Bei
Gan-Xiang
Sichuan
Karen
(Tibeto-Burman
(Dhimalish, Digarish, Dzorgaish, Miśingish, Midźuish, Mruish, Newarish,Nungish, Nagis, Hruish Luish, Katśinish,
Kukish,Tśairelish,Taman, Baric, Barish, Bodish, ….etc)
Keyboard Handwriting
(System) Process
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibeto-Burman_languages
.
" Writing" is the process of using symbols (letters of the alphabet, punctuation and spaces) to communicate thoughts and ideas
in a readable form. "Writing" is a system of graphic symbols that can be used to convey meaning.
https://www.englishclub.com/writing/what.htm
https://www.thoughtco.com/writing-definition-1692616
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Grapheme
Allograph
Expositive
Descriptive
Narrative
https://idiomas.gcfglobal.org/es/curso/ingles/c1/types-of-writing
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Persuasive
Marketing
Topic
GraphyOrthoOrthography
S. O. V.
https://wwwthoughtco.com/what-is-academic-writing-1689052
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Punctuation
Full stop
Colon
Exclamation Mark
Comma
Hyphen
Ellipsis
Parentheses
(‘)Apostrophe
https://englishlive.ef.com/ar-sa/blog/grammar-and-vocabulary-help/punctuation-in-english-languag
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/punctuation%20mark
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Hieroglyphy
Mesopotamia Cuneiform
betAlphaGreekAlphabet
Pictography
Ideogram Ideograph
Syllabic
Etymology
https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/33231/where-did-the-word-alphabet-come-from
Edward Clodd, The Story of The Alphabet, London- 1904, P: 23-35.
Christopher Woods, Visible Language Inventions of Writing in The Ancient Middle East and Beyond, USA-2010, P:189.
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i
Latin -
îi
Ê ←Û ←Ï ←X← Ş← Ř←Ç←Ĥ←
Ewan ← Êwe ← Awaz ←Azar←
’Elî←’Usman←
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1-Kes be elfazim neïê xo Kurdîye xo kirdîye Her kesê nadan nebê xoy talîbî me’na deka
(Nalî:107)
2- Demêke şarî piř şorî meĥebbet mat u xamoşe Be qanûnî tecennûn şořişê înşa nekem, çîbikem
(Meĥwî: 231)
3-Qeytanî dû lêwanit bendî cergî pisandim Kufrit le lam zahire řuĥmit le la nemawe
(Wefayî: 153)
4- Çon Dekey men’î Diïî min, to le şehdî lêwî xot lêwî to wek şekirstane, Diïî min wek megez
5-Xuda tobe le des şoxê, ke wextê ’îşwe denwênê Serî tobey mela w zahîd be berdî cîlwe deşkênê
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1- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broca%27s_area 2020/8/1
2- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2iHDF5twkcE 2020/8/1
3- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03Xtiz_ikw4 2020/8/1
4- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-European_languages 2020/8/1
5- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Indo-European_languages 2020/8/1
6- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_languages_by_total_number_of_speakers
https://www.ethnologue.com/subgroups/iranian2020/8/17-
8- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afroasiatic_languages
https://blogs.aljazeera.net/blogs/2018/3/299- اﻟﺘﺮﻛﯿﺔ-واﻟﻠﻐﺔ-اﻟﻠﻐﻮﯾﺔ-اﻟﻌﺎﺋﻼت
10- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altaic_languages or Ural_Mountain
11- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Tibetan_languages
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibeto-Burman_languages12-
13-https://www.thoughtco.com/writing-definition-1692616
14- https://www.englishclub.com/writing/what.htm
15- https://idiomas.gcfglobal.org/es/curso/ingles/c1/types-of-writing
16- https://wwwthoughtco.com/what-is-academic-writing-1689052
17- https://englishlive.ef.com/ar-sa/blog/grammar-and-vocabulary-help/punctuation-in-english-languag
18- https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/punctuation%20mark
19- https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/33231/where-did-the-word-alphabet-come-from
Edward Clodd, The Story of The Alphabet, London- 1904.
20- Christopher Woods, Visible Language Inventions of Writing in The Ancient Middle East and Beyond
, USA-2010.
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.٧٨ ص،١٩٣٨ ، ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﺄرﯾﺨﯿﺔ، ُ ﱠﻨﺒﯿ و اﻷﺷ ِﺮاف ُ اﻟﺘ ﮫ،اﻟﻌﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺆرخ اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻲ أﺑﻰ اﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺤﺴﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﺴﻌﻮدي
.٩٦ ص،٢٠٠٥، اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ،١ ط، داراﻟﻌﺼﺮﯾﺔ، ﺑﯿﺮوت، ﻣﺮوج اﻟﺬھﺐ و ﻣﻌﺎدن اﻟﺠﻮھﺮ، أﺑﻰ اﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺤﺴﯿﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﻌﻮدي-ب
.١٠٦ -١٠٢ ص,١٩٧١, ﻛﻮﯾﺖ, اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ, ﺗﺎج اﻟﻌﺮوس ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻮاھﺮ اﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮس,ﻟﻠﺴّﯿﺪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻣ ُﺮﺗﻀﻰ اﻟﺤﺴﯿﻨﻰ اﻟﺰﺑﯿﺪي-ج
. ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺆﻟﻒ, ﺑﯿﺮوت, دار اﻟﻜﺘﺐ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﯿﺔ, اﻟﺠﺰء اﻷول, اﻟﺴﻠﻮك ﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ دول اﻟﻤﻠﻮك, ﺗﻘﻲ اﻟﺪﯾﻦ أﺑﻲ اﻟﻌﺒﺎس أﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪاﻟﻘﺎدراﻟﻌﺒﯿﺪي اﻟﻤﻘﺮﯾﺰى-د
دار، اﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ اﻟﺮاﺑﻌﺔ،ﺛﺮوت ﻋﻜﺎﺷﺔ.ﺣﻘﻘﺔ وﻗﺪم ﻟﮫ د، اﻟـﻤـﻌـﺎرف،أﺑﻰ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻋﺒﺪﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻤﺠﯿﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﺑـﻦ ﻗـﺘـﯿـﺒـﺔ اﻟﺪﯾﻨﻮري
.(١٩-١٥) ٦١٨ ص، اﻟﻘﺎھﺮة،اﻟﻤﻌﺎرف
٢٥
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
.١٠٥ ص،١٩٧١، ﻛﻮﯾﺖ، اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ، ﺗﺎج اﻟﻌﺮوس ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻮاھﺮ اﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮس،ﻟﻠﺴّﯿﺪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻣ ُﺮﺗﻀﻰ اﻟﺤﺴﯿﻨﻰ اﻟﺰﺑﯿﺪي
.٩٦ ص،٢٠٠٥، اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ،١ داراﻟﻌﺼﺮﯾﺔن ط، ﺑﯿﺮوت، ﻣﺮوج اﻟﺬھﺐ و ﻣﻌﺎدن اﻟﺠﻮھﺮ، أﺑﻰ اﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺤﺴﯿﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﻌﻮدي-ب
.٣٧٣ ص،١٩٨٠ ، اﻟﻄﺒﻌﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﯿﺔ، ﺑﯿﺮوت- ﻟﺒﻨﺎن، دار اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﻟﻌﻼﺑﻲ، اﻟﻨﮭﺎﯾﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺮد اﻟﻔﻘﮫ واﻟﻔﺘﺎوى، أﺑﻲ ﺟﻌﻔﺮﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺤﺴﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻄﻮﺳﻲ-ج
.٣٥٦ ص، دار اﻟﺘﻌﺎرف، اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ، ﻓﺮوع اﻟﻜﺎﻓﻲ،( ھـ ﻣﺘﻮﻓﻲ٣٢٩) ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﯾﻌﻘﻮب اﻟﻜﻠﯿﻨﻲ-د
.١٠٨ ص،٧ اﻟﺠﺰء، ھﺪاﯾﺔ اﻷﻣ ًﺔ أﺣﻜﺎم اﻷﺋﻤﺔ، اﻟﺸﯿﺦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺤﺴﻦ اﻟﺤﺮ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﻲ-ھـ
.١٨٤ ص،م٢٠٠٠ ، طﺒﻌﺔ، داراﻟﻔﺮﻓﻮ، ﺑ َﺤﺮاﻟﻜ َﻼ َم،(اﻟﺸﯿﺦ اﻹﻣ َ ﺎم ﻣ َ ﯿْﻤﻮ ُ ن ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ اﻟﻨ ﱠﺴ ْ ﻔ ِﻲ )اﻟﺸﮭﯿﺮب أﺑﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﯿﻦ اﻟﻨ ّﺴﻔﻲ
.١٠٤ ص،١٩٧١، ﻛﻮﯾﺖ، اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ، ﺗﺎج اﻟﻌﺮوس ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻮاھﺮ اﻟﻘﺎﻣﻮس، ﻟﻠﺴّ ﯿﺪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻣ ُﺮﺗﻀﻰ اﻟﺤﺴﯿﻨﻰ اﻟﺰﺑﯿﺪي
٢٦
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
٢٧
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
-٤٩
٢٨
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
: Sykes–Picot Agreement
٣٠
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
Marco Polo
Matteos Urhayci
٣٢
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ______ __ _________ ___________
٣٣
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
٣٤
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
٣٥
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
٣٦
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
٣٧
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
٣٨
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
11- http://waqfeya.com/book.php?bid=468 اﻟﻌﺮوسﺗﺎج
12- http://hz.turathalanbiaa.com/public/1687.pdfاﻟﺘﻨﺒﻪ واﻻﺷﺮاف ا
13-https://www.marefa.org/images/9/91.pdf ﻣﺮوج_اﻟﺬھﺐ_وﻣﻌﺎدن_اﻟﺠﻮھ ﺮ
14-https://ia601406.us.archive.org/33/items/waq71581/00_71581.pdf
15-https://ia801407.us.archive.org/26/items/19332/buhrul-kalam.pdf
16-https://ia800604.us.archive.org/19/items/4387327983/aswl-alkafy-alk-vol5.pdf
17-http://shiabooks.net/library.php?id=3561
18-https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki اﻟﺨﻼﻓﺔ_اﻟﺮاﺷﺪة/ اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ_اﻷﻣﻮﻳﺔ/ اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ_اﻟﻌﺒﺎﺳﯿﺔ/اﻟﺪوﻟﺔ_اﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎﻧﯿﺔ
19- https://www.kutub-pdf.net/book/3084- اﻟﻤﻌﺎرف.html
20- https://ia902303.us.archive.org/25/items/BO03599/BO03599.pdf
21-https://ia800603.us.archive.org/12/items/398498489/thdheb3-4.pdf
22- https://ia801609.us.archive.org/15/items/in.ernet.dli.2015.22930/2015.22930.The-Story-Of-.pdf23-
23- https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/33231/where-did-the-word-alphabet-come-from Alphabet
24- Edward Clodd, The Story of The Alphabet, London- 1904
25- Christopher Woods, Visible Language Inventions of Writing in The Ancient Middle East and Beyond, USA-2010.
٣٩
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
Literature -
٤٠
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
Classic
٤١
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
Romantic
٣
٤٢
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
Realism
٤٣
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
٤٤
_________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __ _________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ________ _________ ______ _____
Modernism
٤٥
_____ ______ _________ ________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ _________ __ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ _________
Rwanga Movement
ھﻮﻧﮫر ﭼﯿﯿﮫ؟
ھﻮﻧﮫرزﻣﺎﻧ ﮑﯽ ھﺎوﺑﮫﺷﮫ ﻟﮫ ﻧ ﻮ ﮔﺸﺖ ﮔﮫﻟﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺟﯿﮭﺎﻧﺪا و ھﮫﻣﻮو ﺟﯿﺎوازﯾﯿﮫﮐﺎن ﺗ ﺪەﭘﮫڕ ﻨ ﺖ و ﮔﻔﺘﻮﮔﯚی ﺷﺎرﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ
و ﺑﺎش د ﻨ ﺘﮫﮐﺎﯾﮫوە و دەﺗﻮاﻧ ﺖ ڕاﯾﮫ ﮫی ﮔﮫﯾﺎﻧﺪن و ﻧﺰﯾﮑﺒﻮوﻧﮫوە و ﯾﮫﮐﺘﺮﻧﺎﺳﯿﻨﯽ ﮔﮫﻟﮫﮐﺎن ﺑ ﺖ .ھﻮﻧﮫر ﺗﻮاﻧﺎ و
ﭼﺎﻻﮐﯿﯿﮫﮐﻰ ﻣﺮۆﭬﮫ ﺑﯚ ﺳﮫروەرﺑﻮون ﺑﮫﺳﮫر ﮐﺎر ﮑﺪا وا ﻟﮫ ﻣﺮۆڤ دەﮐﺎت ﭘﮫﯾﻮەﻧﺪی ﻗﻮ ﯽ ﻟﮫﮔﮫڵ ﮐﮫﺳﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺮ ھﮫﺑ ﺖ و
ﺟﯿﺎوازﯾﯿﮫ ﮐﯚﻣﮫ ﯾﮫﺗﯿﯿﮫﮐﺎن ﻟﮫ ﻧﺎﺧﯽ ﺗﺎﮐﺪا ﻧﺎھ ﺖ ،ﺋﮫﻣﮫش ﺟﮕﮫ ﻟﮫ ھ ﻨﺎﻧﮫ ﺋﺎرای ﭼ ﮋوەرﮔﺮﺗﻦ وھﯚﮔﺮﺑﻮوﻧﯽ ﮐﮫﺳﺎﻧﯽ
ﺗﺮ و ﺗ ﮕﮫﯾﺸﺘﻨﮫ ﻟﮫ ھﮫ ﭽﻮون و ﺋﺎزارەﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺮ .ھﺎوﮐﺎت ھﻮﻧﮫر ﻣ ﮋووە ،ڕۆﺷﻨﺒﯿﺮﯾﯿﮫ ،ﮐﮫﻟﺘﻮوری ﮔﮫﻻﻧﮫ و زاﻧﯿﻦ و
ﺷﺎﻧﺎزﯾﮑﺮدﻧﮫ .
ھﻮﻧﮫر ﮐﯚﻣﮫ ﮏ ﺑﯿﺮۆﮐﮫی ﺟﯚراوﺟﯚرە ،ﮐﮫ وەرﮔ اوە ﺑﯚﭼﺎﻻﮐﯿﯿﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﺎری دەﺳﺘﯽ ﯾﺎن ﺑﯿﻨﺮاو) (Visualﯾﺎن
ھﮫﺳﺘﮫوەری ،دەرﺑ ﯾﻨﯽ دﯾﺪی داھ ﻨﮫراﻧﮫی ھﻮﻧﮫرﻣﮫﻧﺪە و ﭼﮫﻣﮏ و ﮐﺎراﻣﮫﯾﯽ ھﻮﻧﮫرﯾﯿﮫ و ﺋﺎﻣﺮاز ﮑﮫ ،ﮐﮫ ﺑﺒ ﺘﮫ ﻣﺎﯾﮫی
ﺳﺘﺎﯾﺸﯽ ھﻮﻧﮫرﻣﮫﻧﺪی ﺧﺎوەن ﺗﻮاﻧﺎ و ﺑﮫرزﻧﺮﺧﺎﻧﺪن وھﮫ ﺴﮫﻧﮕﺎﻧﺪﻧﯽ ﻟﮫﺳﮫر ﺋﺎﺳﺘﯽ ﺟﻮاﻧﯽ ﺧﯚﯾﯽ و ﭼﯚﻧ ﺘﯽ ﻟ ﮭﺎﺗﻮوﯾﯽ و
) (٥٩
دەﻧﮕﺪاﻧﮫوەی ﮐﺎرﯾﮕﮫرﯾﯿﮫﮐﮫﯾﮫ ﻟﮫﺳﮫر ڕوح .ھﻮﻧﮫر ﺧﺎ ﯽ ﺳﮫرەﮐﯽ و دەروازەی ھﮫﻣﻮو زاﻧﺴﺖ و زﻣﺎﻧﮫﮐﺎﻧﮫ.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N606BFkCs8Y 2021/10/1 -٥٩
٤٦
_____ ______ _________ ________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ _________ __ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ _________
ﺳﺎ ﯽ١٩٦٩ﻣﻨﺎ ﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻨﮫﻣﺎ ﮫی ﮐﺎﻣﮑﺎران ﺗﯚز ﮏ ﮔﮫورەﺗﺮﺑﻮون ،ﺗﯿﭙﮫﮐﮫﯾﺸﯿﺎن ﭘﺘﮫوﺗﺮﺑﻮو ﮐﯚﻧﺴ ﺮﺗﮕﮫﻟ ﮑﯿﺎن ﻟﮫ
ھﮫﻧﺪ ﮏ ﻟﮫ ﺷﺎرەﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻮردﺳﺘﺎن وەﮐﻮ"ورﻣ "ﺑﮫڕ ﻮە ﺑﺮد .ﭘﺎش ﺳﺎ ﯽ١٩٧١ھﮫﻧﺪ ﮏ ﻟﮫ ﺋﮫﻧﺪاﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﻨﮫﻣﺎ ﮫ ،ﻟﮫواﻧﮫ:
ھﯚﺷﮫﻧﮓ ،ﺑﯿﮋەن ،ﺋﮫرﺳﮫﻻن ،ﺑﯚﻓ ﺮﺑﻮوﻧﯽ زاﻧﺴﺘﯿﯿﺎﻧﮫی ﻣﯚﺳﯿﻘﺎ ﭼﻮون ﺑﯚ ﺗﺎران وﻟﮫ زاﻧﮑﯚی ھﻮﻧﮫرە ﺟﻮاﻧﮫﮐﺎن دەﺳﺖ
ﯾﺎن ﺑﮫ ﺧﻮ ﻨﺪن ﮐﺮد )ﻟﮫو ﺳﮫردەﻣﮫدا ،ﺋﮫرژەﻧﮓ ﻧﯿﮕﺎرﮐ ﺸﯿﯽ دەﺧﻮ ﻨﺪ( .دوای ﻣﺎوەﯾ ﮏ ﮐﺎﻣﮑﺎران ﻟﮫﮔﮫڵ ﻣﻮﺣﮫﻣﻤﮫد ڕەزا
ﻟﻮﺗﻔﯽ ،ﺣﺴﮫﯾﻦ ﻋﮫﻟﯿﺰادە ،ﭘﮫرو ﺰﻣﺸﮑﺎﺗﯿﺎن و ﭼﮫﻧﺪ ﮐﮫﺳ ﮑﯽ ﺗﺮ ،دوو ﺗﯿﭙﯽ ﻣﯚﺳﯿﻘﺎی ﺷﮫﯾﺪا وﻋﺎرﻓﯿﺎن دەﻣﮫزراﻧﺪ .ﺋ ﺴﺘﺎ
ﺋﮫم دوو ﺗﯿﭙﮫ ﻟﮫ ﻧﺎودارﺗﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﯿﭙﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﯚﺳﯿﻘﺎی ﺳﻮﻧﻨﮫﺗﯿﯽ ﺋ ﺮاﻧﯿﻦ و ﻟﮫﮔﮫڵ ﺷﮫﺟﮫرﯾﺎن و ﺷﺎرام ﻧﺎزری ﮐﺎرﯾﺎن ﮐﺮدووە.
ﺷﺎرام ﻧﺎزری ﻟﮫو ﮔﯚراﻧﯿﺒ ﮋە ﮐﻮرداﻧﮫﯾﮫ ،ﮐﮫ ﮐﺎﻣﮑﺎران زۆر ﻟﮫﮔﮫ ﯽ ﺋﯿﺸﯿﺎن ﮐﺮدووە .ھﮫروەھﺎ ﻟﮫ ﺳﺎ ﯽ ٢٠٠٦دا
ﻟﮫﮔﮫڵ ﻋﮫدﻧﺎن ﮐﮫرﯾﻢ ﻟﮫ ﺗﺎران ﮐﯚﻧﺴ ﺮﺗ ﮑﯿﺎن ﺑﮫڕ ﻮە ﺑﺮد .ﺟﮕﮫ ﻟﮫﻣﮫ ﻟﮫ ﺋﮫﻟﺒﯚﻣﯽ ﺋﮫﻣﺸﮫو ،وەﻓﺎﯾﯽ و ﺧﺎﺗﻮوﻧﺪا ﻟﮫﮔﮫڵ
ﻋﮫدﻧﺎن ﮐﮫرﯾﻢ ھﺎوﮐﺎرﯾﯿﺎن ﮐﺮدووە.
ﯾﮫﮐﮫم ﮐﯚﻧﺴ ﺮﺗﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺋﮫم ﺑﻨﮫﻣﺎ ﮫﯾﮫ ﺑﮫﻧﺎوی"ﺗﯿﭙﯽ ﮐﺎﻣﮑﺎران"ەوە ،ﻟﮫ ﺳﮫرەﺗﺎی ﺳﮫردەﻣﯽ ﮐﻮدەﺗﺎی ﺋﯿﺴﻼﻣﯽ ﺋ ﺮان،
ﻟﮫ وەرزﺷﮕﺎی ﺋﺎزادی و ﺗﮫﻻری وەﺣﺪەت ﻟﮫ ﺗﺎراﻧﺪا ﺑﮫڕﯾﻮەﭼﻮو ،ﮐﮫ ﭘ ﮑﮭﺎﺗﺒﻮون ﻟﮫ ﺳ ﺑﮫﺷﯽ ﺳﮫرەﮐﯽ :ﻣﯚﺳﯿﻘﺎی
ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ،ﺗﺎﮐﮫژەﻧﯿﯽ ﺳﮫﻧﺘﻮور ﻟﮫ ﻻﯾﮫن ﺋﮫردەواﻧﮫوە و ﻣﯚﺳﯿﻘﺎی ﮐﻮردی .ﻟﮫ ﺳﺎ ﯽ ١٩٨٩ﺋﻮﻣ ﺪ ﻟﻮﺗﻔﯿﺶ ﮐﻮڕی ﻗﮫﺷﮫﻧﮓ
و ﻣﺤﮫﻣﻤﮫد ڕەزا ﻟﻮﺗﻔﯽ ،ﮐﮫ ﺗﺎری دەژەﻧﺪ ھﺎﺗﮫ ﻧﺎو ﺗﯿﭙﮫﮐﮫوە .ﮐﺎﻣﮑﺎران ﻟﮫم ﮐﯚﻧﺴ ﺮﺗﮕﮫﻟﯽ دواﯾﯿﯿﮫی ﺧﯚﯾﺎن دا ھﮫﻧﺪ ﮏ
ﻟﮫ ﻻواﻧﯽ ﺑﮫھﺮەدارﯾﺎن ﻟﮫﮔﮫڵ ﺧﯚﯾﺎن ﺑﮫﺷﺪارﮐﺮدووە.
ﮐﯚی ﺑﮫرھﮫﻣﮫﮐﺎﻧﯿﺎن ھﮫم ﮔﯚراﻧﯽ ﮐﻮردی ﻟﮫ ﺧﯚی ﮔﺮﺗﻮوە و ھﮫم ﻣﯚﺳﯿﻘﺎی ﺳﻮﻧﻨﮫﺗﯽ ﻓﺎرﺳﯽ ،ﮐﮫ ﺑﮫ ﻣ ﻠﯚدﯾﯿﮫﮐﯽ
زۆرﺟﻮان و ﺑﮫ ڕﯾﺘﻤ ﮑﯽ ﭘ ووزەوە ﻟ ﺪراون .ﮔﯚراﻧﯿﯿﮫ ﮐﻮردﯾﯿﮫﮐﺎﻧﯿﺎن دەو ﮫﻣﮫﻧﺪاﻧﮫ وﺟﯚراوﺟﯚرن و ﺑﮫﻗﻮو ﯽ ڕﯾﺸﮫ
ﯾﺎن وا ﻟﮫ ﻣ ﮋووی ﮐﯚن و ﻓﮫرھﮫﻧﮕﯽ ﻧﮫﺗﮫوە ﺳﮫرﻓﮫراز و ﭘ ھﮫﺳﺘﮫﮐﮫﯾﺎن .ﺑﺎس ﻟﮫ ﭼﯿﺮۆﮐﮫ ﺣﮫﻣﺎﺳﯿﯿﮫﮐﺎن و ﺟﮫﻧﮕﮫﮐﺎن
و ﻋ ﺸﻘﮫ ڕۆﻣﺎﻧﺘﯿﮑﮫﮐﺎن دەﮐﮫن و ﭼﯿﺮۆﮐﯽ ﭘﺎ ﮫواﻧﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﮫﺗﮫوەﯾﯽ و ﺋﺎﯾﯿﻨﯽ دەﮔ ﻧﮫوە ،ﮐﮫ ھﮫﻧﺪ ﮑﯿﺎن ﺑﯚ ھﮫزاران ﺳﺎڵ
ﻟﮫﻣﮫوﺑﮫر و ﺑﯚ ﺳﮫردەﻣﯽ ﻣﺎدەﮐﺎن دەﮔﮫڕ ﻨﮫوە.
ﺋﮫﻟﺒﻮﻣﮫﮐﺎن
ﺑﺎراﻧﮫ .ﺷﮫھﺮام ،١٩٩٣ﺋﺎﮔﺮی زﯾﻨﺪوو .دووری ،١٩٩٥ﭼﯚﻟﮫﮐﮫی ﺑﺎڵ ﺷﮑﺎو ،١٩٩٧ﻧﺎ ﮫی دەف ،ﭘﺎرﭼﮫ ﻣﯚﺳﯿﻘﺎ
،١٩٩٩ﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺳﭙﯽ ،١٩٩٩ﻣﯚﺳﯿﻘﺎی ﮐﻮردﺳﺘﺎن ،١٩٩٩ﮔﻮ ﻨﯿﺸﺎن ،٢٠٠٢ﺋﺎﮔﺮی زﯾﻨﺪوو ،٢٠٠٣ﭘﺮﺷﮫﻧﮓ ،٢٠٠٤
)(60
زەردی ﺧﮫزان ،دەرﯾﺎ .
2021/10/1ﮐﺎﻣﮑﺎران https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki -60
ﮐﺎﻣﮑﺎرەﮐﺎن ﻟﮫﺳﮫراﻧﺴﮫری ﺟﯿﮭﺎﻧﺪا ﮐﯚﻧﺴ ﺮﺗﯿﺎن ﭘ ﺸﮑﮫﺷﮑﺮدووە ،ﺑﯚ ﻧﻤﻮوﻧﮫ:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cor1ew7uQ9A&list=RDAyQbtLYLpH8&index=3 2021/10/1
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-٣ھﻮﻧﮫری ﺷ ﻮەﮐﺎری:
ﻟ ﺮەدا ﺑﺎﺳﯽ ﺑﮫدﯾﻊ ﺑﺎﺑﺎﺟﺎن دەﮐﮫﯾﻦ ،ﻧﺎوی ﺗﮫواوی ﺑﮫدﯾﻊ ﺣﺴ ﻦ ﺑﺎﺑﺎﺟﺎﻧﮫ ،ﺳﺎ ﯽ ١٩٢٣ﻟﮫ ﺷﺎری ﮐﮫرﮐﻮک
ﻟﮫداﯾﮑﺒﻮوە ،ﺑﯚﺧﻮ ﻨﺪن ﭼﯚﺗﮫ ﺳﻠ ﻤﺎﻧﯽ و ﻟﮫﻣﺎ ﯽ ﺋﺎﻣﯚزاﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﯿﺸﺘﮫﺟ ﺑﻮوە،ﺧﻮ ﻨﺪﻧﯽ ﺳﮫرەﺗﺎﯾﯽ ﻟﮫ ﺷﺎری ﺳﻠ ﻤﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﮫواو
ﮐﺮدووە ،ﭘﺎﺷﺎن ﮔﮫڕاوەﺗﮫوە ﮐﮫرﮐﻮک و ﻗﯚﻧﺎﻏﯽ ﻧﺎوەﻧﺪی ﻟﮫوێ ﺗﮫواوﮐﺮدووە و ﺳﺎ ﯽ ١٩٤٥ﭼﯚﺗﮫ ﭘﮫﯾﻤﺎﻧﮕﺎی ھﻮﻧﮫرە
ﺟﻮاﻧﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﮫﻏﺪا ،ﺋﮫﮔﮫرﭼﯽ ﺋﺎرەزووی ﺋﮫوەی ھﮫﺑﻮوە ﻟﮫﺑﮫﺷﯽ ﻣﯚﺳﯿﻘﺎی ڕۆژﺋﺎواﯾﯽ وەرﺑﮕﯿﺮ ﺖ ،ﺑﮫ م ﺑﮫﺑﯿﺎﻧﻮوی
ﺋﮫوەی ﻧﮫﯾﺰاﻧﯿﻮە ﻧﯚﺗﮫ ﺑﻨﻮﺳ ﺖ ﻟﮫو ﺑﮫﺷﮫ وەرﻧﮫﮔﯿﺮاوە ،ﺑﯚﯾﮫ ﻧﺎﭼﺎر ﭼﯚﺗﮫ ﺑﮫﺷﯽ و ﻨﮫﮐ ﺸﺎن و ﺳﺎ ﯽ ١٩٥٠ﺳﮫرﮐﮫوﺗﻮاﻧﮫ
ﭘﮫﯾﻤﺎﻧﮕﺎی ھﻮﻧﮫرەﺟﻮاﻧﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﮫﻏﺪای ﺗﮫواوﮐﺮدووە،ﭘﺎﺷﺎن وەک ﻓﮫرﻣﺎﻧﺒﮫر ﮑﯽ ھﻮﻧﮫری ﻟﮫ ﺑﮫڕ ﻮەﺑﮫراﯾﮫﺗﯽ ﻣﮫﺳﺎﺣﮫی
ﮔﺸﺘﯽ ﻟﮫﺑﮫﻏﺪا داﻣﮫزراوە ،ﻟﮫﺑﮫرﻟ ﮭﺎﺗﻮو ﯾﯽ ﺳﺎ ﯽ ١٩٧٣ﺑﮫ ﻣﺎﻣﯚﺳﺘﺎی ﺑﮫﺷﯽ ﺧﯚﺷﻨﻮوﺳﯽ و زەﺧﺮەﻓﮫ ﻟﮫ ﭘﮫﯾﻤﺎﻧﮕﺎی
ھﻮﻧﮫرەﺟﻮاﻧﮫﮐﺎﻧﯽ ﺑﮫﻏﺪا داﻣﮫزراوە و ﻣﺎوەی ﭼﻮار ﺳﺎڵ ﺑﮫردەوام ﺑﻮوە.
ﺑﮫدﯾﻊ ﺑﺎﺑﺎﺟﺎن ﺑﯚﭘﮫﯾﺪاﮐﺮدﻧﯽ ﺑﮋ ﻮی ژﯾﺎن ،ﻟﮫ ﺷﮫﻗﺎﻣﯽ ڕەﺷﯿﺪی ﺷﺎری ﺑﮫﻏﺪا ﻟﮫﮔﮫڵ ﺧﯚﺷﻨﻮﺳ ﮑﯽ دﯾﮑﮫ ﺑﮫﻧﺎوی
ﻣﮫھﺪی ﺟﺒﻮری ﻧﻮﺳﯿﻨﮕﮫﯾﮫﮐﯿﯿﺎن ﺑﮫﻧﺎوی )اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﯽ( داﻧﺎوە .ﺑﮫدﯾﻊ ﺑﺎﺑﺎﺟﺎن ﺳﺎ ﯽ ١٩٤٩ –١٩٣٩وەک ﯾﮫﮐﮫم
ھﮫﻧﮕﺎو ھ ﮑﺎری و و ﻨﮫی ﮔﯚﭬﺎری ﮔﮫﻻو ﮋی ﮐ ﺸﺎوە و ﺳﺎ ﯽ ١٩٤٩–١٩٤٨ﻟﮫ ﮔﯚﭬﺎری ﻧﺰاردا ﺑﮫھﮫﻣﺎن ﺷ ﻮە
دەﺳﺘ ﮑﯽ ﺑﺎ ی ھﮫﺑﻮوە .ھﺎوﮐﺎت ﺳﺎ ﯽ ١٩٧٠ﻧﮫﺧﺸﮫی دروﺷﻤﯽ ﯾﮫﮐ ﺘﯽ ﻧﻮﺳﮫراﻧﯽ ﮐﻮرد و و ﻨﮫی ﺑﮫرﮔﯽ ﭼﮫﻧﺪﯾﻦ
ﭘﮫرﺗﻮﮐﯽ ﮐ ﺸﺎوە ،ﻟﮫواﻧﮫ:
-أﻏﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻮردﺳﺘﺎن
-ﭘﮫرﺗﻮﮐﯽ ﻣﺎرف ﺧﮫزﻧﮫدار ﺳﺎ ﯽ ١٩٧٢
-ﺷﺎھﯿﺪاﻧﯽ ﻗﮫ ی دم دم ،ﮐﮫ ﮐﯚﻣﮫ ﮫ ﭼﯿﺮۆﮐ ﮑﯽ ﻣﺴﺘﮫﻓﺎ ﺳﺎ ﺢ ﮐﮫرﯾﻤﮫ.
-دﯾﻮاﻧﯽ ﺑ ﺨﻮد و دﯾﻮاﻧﯽ ﺳﮫﻻم.
-ﻟﮫﺧﯚﺷﻨﻮﺳﯿﺸﺪا دەﺳﺘ ﮑﯽ ﺑﺎ ی ھﮫﺑﻮوە و ﭼﮫﻧﺪ ﭘﮫرﺗﻮﮐ ﮑﯽ ﺑﮫﺷ ﻮەﯾﮫﮐﯽ ﻗﮫﺷﮫﻧﮓ و ﺑﮫ ﺧﮫﺗ ﮑﯽ ﺧﯚش ﻧﻮﺳﯿﻮوە.
2021/10/1ﮐﺎﻣﮑﺎران 4- https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki
5- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N606BFkCs8Y 2021/10/1
6- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cor1ew7uQ9A&list=RDAyQbtLYLpH8&index=3 2021/10/1
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